NotesOnFinancialExpressions-A(1)金融专业术语注解
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
英文词汇 
中文释义
 详细注解
a basket of currencies  
“一篮子”货币 
又称为“一篮子”货币或合成货币,由各国货币所组成的一个大的货币篮子。每种货币在“货币篮子”里所占比例,是按照各国在世界贸易中所占比重来确定的。这种合成货币一般不能直接用于国际贸易和非贸易支付。如“欧洲货币单位”、“特别提款权”等都是合成货币。
ABA transit1 number
美国银行家协会交换号码
分配给一家金融机构例如一家银行的编号,该编号在美国支票右上角的支票分区号码上方注明。
Abandonment
弃权 
1.指资产所有权人自动放弃其权利。例如:选择权的买方在选择权利期间结束时,不予以执行交易特定资产的权利,而任其权利作废。股票持有人于除权除息日之前,将持股出售而无法享有发行公司所分配股息等。
2.To choose not to exercise or sell an option. Abandonment occurs when the option is out of the money on the expiration2 date.
3.To voluntarily relinquish3 the rights of property ownership, usually real estate.
 
abandonment option 
放弃选择权 
The option to close out an investment prior to the fulfillment of the original conditions for termination.
减少减免冲销 
1.减免:指对一项税收的减免。
2.
冲销:指一项临时性收益从成本中冲销。
3.A reduction in or reprieve5 from a tax, debt or any other payment obligation. An abatement is sometimes included in a contract, for example abatement of rent in the event that a building is destroyed by fire, flood or other accident.
ABC agreement 
ABC协议 
1.证券商以员工名义取得纽约证券交易会员席位,而与该员工之间约定公司权益的协议。由于只有以个人身份才能取得纽约证券交易所会员席位,证券商通常以该公司员工挂名,而由公司支付购买席位的费用。
2.An agreement between a brokerage firm and an employee detailing the rights of the firm when it purchases an NYSE if he/she leaves but must buy another seat for an individual named by the firm; B) sell the seat but return the proceeds to the firm; or C) transfer the seat to another employee of the firm.
 
abeyance 
暂时无效  
The suspension of a title to real estate while lawful6 ownership is being determined7.
Ability to borrow 
借款能力 
指机构或个人再增加债务的能力。借款能力与借款人的偿债能力有关,借款人的信用程度愈佳。偿债能力愈佳,其再行举借债务的能力也愈高。 
Ability to pay 
支付能力  
1.对于借款人而言,指的是如期偿还本息的能力。在税务上,支付能力则作为税率制定之参考因素,如所得税之累进税率。
2.A borrower‘s ability to meet his/her current and future debt obligations.
 
ability to service debt  
偿债能力
指企业有足够的流动资金或现金,能够偿还到期的债务。 
abnormal return 
非常规收益 
不能单从市场运动规律中预测的股票报酬。累积的非常规报酬是围绕信息的公告或发布的一段时间总的非常规报酬。 
原始成本 
指资产所有者的实际支出款项,不包括资产取得后发生的成本调整或折旧等。 
Above full carry market 
超过持有成本市场  
指不同到期月份的期货和约价格差距,超过该期间总持有成本的市场型态。例如6月燕麦现货价格为每吨1000元、9月份燕麦期货价格为每吨1100元;若持有燕麦现货期间3个月的持有成本为80元,则9月份交割的燕麦期货价格应是1080元,低于燕麦期货的市场价格,即形成超过持有成本市场。这种市场的产生来自于投资人预期燕麦即将缺货,或因投资人过度投机所致。 
Above par9 value  
超过面值  
1.指发行股票、债券等有价证券时,以高于该证券面值(face value; par value)之价格发售。
2.Having a current price above face value. This would generally be the case if the coupon10 paid on the bond exceeds the discount rate applicable, or if market interest rates fall after the bond is bought. If the bondholder had bought at a price above par, then he/she will suffer a capital loss upon maturity11 since the bond will only be redeemed12 at face value.
参考:par, at par, below par 
above the line(item)  
线上(项目)税前的收入和支出 
在编制国际收支平衡表、资产负债表和利润表时的习惯划分法。
1.
在编制国际收支平衡表中,线上(项目),又称自主性交易(autonomous13 transaction)或事前交易(ex-ante),是经常账户(current account)、资本和金融账户(capital and financial account)各项目的统称。
2.
在资产负债表中,线上的应收票据项目是指应列为流动资产的应收票据。
3.
在利润表中是指计算毛利时所必须计入的项目。 
absolute advantage 
绝对优势 
The name for the ability of one entity14 to engage in more efficient production than another entity. Assuming equal inputs15, the entity with an absolute advantage will have a greater output.  
absolute endorsement 
无条件背书 
指债务人无偿还能力的情况,其含义是债务人不能立即偿还债务,并且在任何情况下都不能全数偿还债权人。 
absolute priority rule 
绝对优先权条款 
The idea that creditors‘ claims take precedence over shareholders16‘ claims in the event of a liquidation17 or reorganization. shareholders are compensated18 only after debtors19 have been fully20 paid off. 
Absorbed 
吸收  
1.公司将成本以费用形态自行吸纳,而不转嫁给消费者。
2.
被购并者所收购的公司。
3.
和产品生产无直接从属关系的间接制造成本。
4.
编制财务报表时,被性质相近的账户合并的账户,报表使用者无法自报表上知悉明细。又称为吸收账户(absorption account)或从属账户(adjunct acount
5.
指新发行的证券已由承销商销售完毕。
6.Treated as an expense, rather than passing the cost on to customers.
7. A business that is merged21 into an another company due to acquisition.
8.In the equities market, the process of trading securities without affecting the market price


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 transit MglzVT     
n.经过,运输;vt.穿越,旋转;vi.越过
参考例句:
  • His luggage was lost in transit.他的行李在运送中丢失。
  • The canal can transit a total of 50 ships daily.这条运河每天能通过50条船。
2 expiration bmSxA     
n.终结,期满,呼气,呼出物
参考例句:
  • Can I have your credit card number followed by the expiration date?能告诉我你的信用卡号码和它的到期日吗?
  • This contract shall be terminated on the expiration date.劳动合同期满,即行终止。
3 relinquish 4Bazt     
v.放弃,撤回,让与,放手
参考例句:
  • He was forced to relinquish control of the company.他被迫放弃公司的掌控权。
  • They will never voluntarily relinquish their independence.他们绝对不会自动放弃独立。
4 abatement pzHzyb     
n.减(免)税,打折扣,冲销
参考例句:
  • A bag filter for dust abatement at the discharge point should be provided.在卸料地点应该装设袋滤器以消除粉尘。
  • The abatement of the headache gave him a moment of rest.头痛减轻给他片刻的休息。
5 reprieve kBtzb     
n.暂缓执行(死刑);v.缓期执行;给…带来缓解
参考例句:
  • He was saved from the gallows by a lastminute reprieve.最后一刻的缓刑令把他从绞架上解救了下来。
  • The railway line, due for closure, has been granted a six-month reprieve.本应停运的铁路线获准多运行6 个月。
6 lawful ipKzCt     
adj.法律许可的,守法的,合法的
参考例句:
  • It is not lawful to park in front of a hydrant.在消火栓前停车是不合法的。
  • We don't recognised him to be the lawful heir.我们不承认他为合法继承人。
7 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
8 aboriginal 1IeyD     
adj.(指动植物)土生的,原产地的,土著的
参考例句:
  • They managed to wipe out the entire aboriginal population.他们终于把那些土著人全部消灭了。
  • The lndians are the aboriginal Americans.印第安人是美国的土著人。
9 par OK0xR     
n.标准,票面价值,平均数量;adj.票面的,平常的,标准的
参考例句:
  • Sales of nylon have been below par in recent years.近年来尼龙织品的销售额一直不及以往。
  • I don't think his ability is on a par with yours.我认为他的能力不能与你的能力相媲美。
10 coupon nogz3     
n.息票,配给票,附单
参考例句:
  • The coupon can be used once only.此优惠券只限使用一次。
  • I have a coupon for ten pence off a packet of soap.我有一张优惠券买一盒肥皂可以便宜十便士。
11 maturity 47nzh     
n.成熟;完成;(支票、债券等)到期
参考例句:
  • These plants ought to reach maturity after five years.这些植物五年后就该长成了。
  • This is the period at which the body attains maturity.这是身体发育成熟的时期。
12 redeemed redeemed     
adj. 可赎回的,可救赎的 动词redeem的过去式和过去分词形式
参考例句:
  • She has redeemed her pawned jewellery. 她赎回了当掉的珠宝。
  • He redeemed his watch from the pawnbroker's. 他从当铺赎回手表。
13 autonomous DPyyv     
adj.自治的;独立的
参考例句:
  • They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
  • This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。
14 entity vo8xl     
n.实体,独立存在体,实际存在物
参考例句:
  • The country is no longer one political entity.这个国家不再是一个统一的政治实体了。
  • As a separate legal entity,the corporation must pay taxes.作为一个独立的法律实体,公司必须纳税。
15 inputs a8aff967e1649a1c82ea607c881e8091     
n.输入( input的名词复数 );投入;输入端;输入的数据v.把…输入电脑( input的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • Uncheck the inputs checked for optimization in the previous stage. 不测试那些已经测试过的优化了的以前步骤的inputs.(变量参数)。 来自互联网
  • Just in case, save in a file the inputs obtained at the previous stage. 以防万一,保存以前步骤获得的inputs(变量参数值)到一个文件中去。 来自互联网
16 shareholders 7d3b0484233cf39bc3f4e3ebf97e69fe     
n.股东( shareholder的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders. 90%的股东出席了会议。
  • the company's fiduciary duty to its shareholders 公司对股东负有的受托责任
17 liquidation E0bxf     
n.清算,停止营业
参考例句:
  • The bankrupt company went into liquidation.这家破产公司停业清盘。
  • He lost all he possessed when his company was put into liquidation.当公司被清算结业时他失去了拥有的一切。
18 compensated 0b0382816fac7dbf94df37906582be8f     
补偿,报酬( compensate的过去式和过去分词 ); 给(某人)赔偿(或赔款)
参考例句:
  • The marvelous acting compensated for the play's weak script. 本剧的精彩表演弥补了剧本的不足。
  • I compensated his loss with money. 我赔偿他经济损失。
19 debtors 0fb9580949754038d35867f9c80e3c15     
n.债务人,借方( debtor的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Never in a debtors' prison? 从没有因债务坐过牢么? 来自英汉文学 - 双城记
20 fully Gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
21 merged d33b2d33223e1272c8bbe02180876e6f     
(使)混合( merge的过去式和过去分词 ); 相融; 融入; 渐渐消失在某物中
参考例句:
  • Turf wars are inevitable when two departments are merged. 两个部门合并时总免不了争争权限。
  • The small shops were merged into a large market. 那些小商店合并成为一个大商场。
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