The Organization of Petroleum¹ Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an international organization of eleven developing countries that are dependent on crude oil exports for their national economies. It is an example of an oil cartel. The current members are Algeria, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Venezuela. By organizing themselves, they have profited from their strong market share and have been able to raise their export earnings². These nations supply about forty per cent of the world’s crude oil production. The organization was established in 1960 and is headquartered in Vienna, Austria.

　　石油输出国组织（OPEC）是由11个依赖原油出口为国家经济的发展中国家组成的国际性组织。它就一个石油卡特尔的一个代表。现任成员国有阿尔及利亚、印尼、伊朗、伊拉克、科威特、利比亚、尼日利亚、卡塔尔、沙特阿拉伯、阿拉伯联合酋长国和委内瑞拉。通过自我组织，他们已经从巨大的市场份额受益，并也能增加他们的出口所得。这些国家提供全世界40%的原油产品。该组织于1960年建立，总部设在奥地利的维也纳。