5． 形近词：
1) Clergy牧师 cleric牧师 clerk秘书、店员
2) Venal²腐败的 vernal青春的 venial可宽恕的
3) Fleck³斑点 flake⁴薄片 flak高射炮、怒斥
4) Pod豆荚 plod重步走 prod戳
5) Tarry逗留 tally与一致 harry骚扰 parry挡开
6) Blade刀锋 blasé厌倦的 blaze 火焰
7) Glade林中空地 glaze上釉彩 glabrous光滑的
8) Pendent吊着的 pedant书呆子 pendant悬挂物
9) Adapt使适应、改编 adept熟练的 adopt收养、采纳
10) ordinance大炮ordinance法令
11) ingenious有发明天分的ingenuous天真的
12) limber柔软的lumber伐木
13) catastrophe/cataclysm/calamity灾难
14) desperate/despairing/despondent 绝望的
15) alloy合金alley 跑道ally联盟
16) beach/breach/bleach 沙滩/破坏/漂白
17) condole/condone/console 吊唁/宽恕/安慰
18) delicate/deliberate/debilitate 精巧的/深思熟虑的/削弱
19) discretion/discrete/discrepancy 判断力/分散的/不同
20) ellipsis/ellipse/eclipse 省略/椭圆/日食,衰落
21) fortuitous/futile/fatuity/fatuous 偶然,幸运/无用的/愚昧,昏庸/愚昧的
22) gust/gush/gash 狂风/涌出/砍的很深的伤口
23) hash/hush/harsh 磨碎/安静/粗糙的,苛刻的
24) impassion/impassive/passive 激情/冷漠的/被动的
25) indigence/indigenous/diligence 贫穷/本土的/勤奋的
26) incarcerate/incarnation/incinerate 监禁/化身/把...烧成灰
27) libel/labile/label 诽谤/易发生变化的/标签
28) precocious/precarious/prevaricate 早熟的/不稳定的/支吾搪塞
29) statuary/statue/statute/saturate 雕像/雕像/法令,法规/湿透,饱和
30) tangible/tangle/tangent/tangy 切实的/混乱/切线的,离题的/强烈盐味的
31) varnish/vanish/vanquish 上漆,修饰/消失/征服

6． 意群法：

1) 动静：
commotion/disturbance/perturbation/turbulence/action/agitation/din/ferment/fracas/havoc/pandemonium/turmoil/upheaval--------equanimity/hush/quiet/quiescence/serenity/silence/tranquil/tranquility/pacific
2) 合分：
diverge/detach/disperse/dissipate/isolate/separate/break/scatter/breach/rend/sunder------accumulate/aggregate/agglomerate/amalgamate/collect/coalesece/concatenate/compound/gather/group/nucleate/unify/unite/solder/nexus
3) 多少：
profuse/abundant/affluent/copious/plenty/prodigal/rife/plethora/slew----------scant/scanty/limited/penurious/sparse/dearth/iota/paucity/pinch
4) 批评、指责、谴责、辱骂、斥责对称赞、歌颂：（轻）
admonish/chide/criticize/reproach/reproof/reprove/flak; (重)berate/castigate/censure/chastise/condemn/denounce/diatribe/excoriate/fulminate/ impeach/impugn/invective/inveigh/lambaste/rail/rebuke/reprehend/reprimand/reprobate/ revile/scold/upbraid/vituperate/pan------------acclaim/applaud/commend/eulogize/exalt/ extol/glorify/laud/rave/tout/accolade/encomium/approbation/orchid/plaudit/tribute; (诽谤)slander/calumniate/libel/defame
5) 顺从、顽固：
amenble/amiable/complaisant/compliant/docile/obedient/responsive/submissive/tolerant/ tractable/alacrity--------incorrigible/bigoted/contumacious/headstrong/hidebound/indocile/intractable/intransigent/obdurate/obstinate
/rebellious/recalcitrant/refractory/stubborn/ tenacious
6) 肯定、否定：
affirm/assert/attest/aver/avow/posit/proclaim------deny/disclaim/gainsay/negate/repudiate（包含证据）corroborate/prove/substantiate/verify-------disprove/refute/controvert
7) 忧郁对快乐：
morose/saturnine/downcast/crestfallen/dispririted/gloomy/melancholy/doleful/ despondent/lugubrious-----cheerful/ecstatic/exhilarating/facetious/jocund/jaunty/sanguine
8) 促进、抑制：
abet/aid/assist/catalyze/encourage/facilitate/foment/foster/goad/ignite/impel/incite/ incubate/instigate/permit/precipitate/prod/provoke/promote/rouse/spur/stimulate/trigger/ vitalize-------arrest/ban/check/curb/extinguish/forbid/forestall/frustrate/hamper/hinder/ impede/inhibit/obstruct/quell/rein/repress/restrain/scotch/squelch/stymie/subdue/stifle/ thwart
9) 清晰、模糊：
clear/limpid/lucid/pellucid/translucent/transparent/clarity------murky/opaque/obscure/ turbid/vague/obfuscate
10) 扩大、缩小：
aggrandize/amplify/broaden/dilate/distend/expand/inflate/swell--------constrict/contract/ condense/compress/deflate/shrink
11) 健康、不健康：
healthful/hygienic/innocuous/salubrious/salutary/wholesome----------debilitating/ deleterious/detrimental/injurious/nocuous/noxious/mischievous/lethal/pernicious/virulent#p#

12) 持续、短暂：
chronic/constant/enduring/gradual/lasting/incessant/perennial/permanent/perpetual/ persistent-------evanescent/ephemeral/fleeting/fugacious/fugitive/interim/intermittent/ meteoric/sporadic/transient/transitory
13) 得体、无礼：
amiable/civil/congenial/decent/decorous/deferent/irreproachable/seemly-----------bawdy/blatant/brazen/effrontery/impertinent/impudent/indecorous/insolent/opprobrious/rude/ scurrilous/scurvy/unseemly/asperity/impropriety
14) 序言、结尾：
beginning/commencement/foreword/greeting/introduction/outset/overture/preface/ prelude/preamble/prologue--------conclude/coda/cessation/epilogue/finale/termination/ valediction
15) 大小：bull/colossal/elephantine/enormous/gargantuan/gigantic/huge/immense/mammoth/ prodigious/tremendous/titanic--------diminutive/microscopic/minuscule/minute/piddling/paltry/slight/trivial/tiny
16) 相关、无关：
apposite/appropriate/apropos/apt/cognate/felicitous/germane/intrinsic/pertinent/related/ relevant-------alien/extraneous/extrinsic/foreign/impertinent/irrelevant
17) 脱水、补水：
desiccate/dehydrate/deplete/drain/dry/evaporate/parch/sear--------drench/douse/hydrate/ inundate/reconstitute/saturate/souse/steep
18) 真假：apocryphal/bogus/deceptive/dissembling/fraudulent/feigned/fictitious/mendacious/ prevaricated/pseudo/spurious--------authenticated/candid/genuine/truthful/unfeigned/ valid
19) 平息抚慰、刺激激怒：
allay/alleviate/appease/assuage/conciliate/lull/mitigate/moderate/mollify/pacify/placate/propitiate/reconcile/
relieve/soothe---------agitate/annoy/antagonize/bother/disturb/grate/ harass/harrow/irk/nag/pester/perturb/pique/rankle
20) 尊敬、嘲笑/亵渎：deference/veneration/revere/respect/awe-------irreverence/contempt/ derision/deride/profane