2005年职称英语等级考试B级
阅读理解第一篇（P318）
Almost Human?
Scientists are racing¹ to build the world's first thinking robot.This is not science fiction：some　say they will have made it by the year 2020.Carol Packer reports.
Machines that walk，speak and feel are no longer science fiction.Kismet is the name of an android（机器人）which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）.（31）Kismet is different from the traditional robot because it can show human emotions.Its eyes，ears and lips move to show when it feels happy, sad or bored.Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androids——robots that look like human beings——which can imitate human feelings.
31.Kismet is different from traditional robots because
A.it thinks for itself
B.It is not like science fiction
C.it can look after two-year-old.
D.it seems to have human feelings.
解：本题的标志词是Kismet，关键词组是different from traditional robots，我们在文章第二段的第二句话中找到了试题在文章中的位置，细细读这句话。选项D和这句话的意思是最接近的，因为第二句话中有这样一句it can show human emotions，选项中的feelings和文章中的emotions是同义词替换，这是阅读理解正确项的一个出题原则。因此是正确答案。
（32） Cog，another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a mother.However, scientists admit that so far Cog has the mental ability of a two-year-old.
32.What makes Cog special?
A.It looks like a mother.
B.It behaves like a child.
C.It can imitate the behavior of a mother.
D.It has a huge brain.
解：本题的标志词是Cog，接着读文章，在文中寻找关于Cog的论述。关于Cog的论述出现在31题所对应的原文的后面，只有两句话，仔细读完这两句话后，我们发现选项C和原文是对应的，只是文中的单词action被替换成了它的同义词behavior，这是职称英语考试中，阅读理解选项设置的一个特点，即同义词替换。
（33）The optimists（乐观主义者）say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids（机器人）with brains similar to those of all adult human being.These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the public.What kind of jobs will they do?
33.In about 15 years' time from now，robots
A.will become space designers.
B.will look like monsters.
C.will behave like animals.
D.will think like humans.
解：本题的标志词是表示时间的15 years' time，在读文章时要注意文章中时间词出现的地方。
我们接着读第三段，读完以后，我们在文章中没有发现15 years' time.但根据模糊定位的原则，第三题所对应的原文就出现在第二题所对应的原文的下面，我们再仔细读第三段。在第一句话中，只出现了时间词2020，题目问的是“从现在起15年以后，机器人会…”，我们一经计算，15年以后，那就是2020年了。所以题目是间接的提问，需要经过我们的计算。那么这道试题所对应的原文就是第三段的前两句话，读完后我们发现选项D.will think like humans.和文章中的句子with brains similar to those of all adult human being.是最接近的，选项D是对文章句子的同义改写，这又是阅读理解试题选项设置的一个原则。
（34）In the future，robots like Robonaut，a humanoid invented by NASA，will be doing dangerous jobs，like repairing space stations.They will also be doing more and more of the household work for us In Japan，scientists are designing androids that will entertain us by dancing and playing the piano.
34.In the future robots will also
A.explore space.
B.entertain people.
C.move much faster.
D.do all of the housework.
解：这道试题的标志词是表示时间的词组In the future.我们接着第三题所对应的原文接着往下读，发现下面一句话中出现了这个表示时间的词组，因此我们认定正确答案就在这些句子之中。读完这些句子后我们发现选项B在这些句子的最后一句话中出现了。选项D是不正确选项，一般说来如果选项中出现比较绝对化的单词，如选项D中的all，以及every、each、the best等等，这个选项一般说来都是错误的，这是阅读理解错误选项设置的一个原则。
Some people worry about what the future holds：will robots become monsters（怪物）?Will people themselves become increasingly² like robots? Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro-computers，connected to the Internet，in the future.People will have micro-chips in various parts of their body，which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets³ （小装置）.Perhaps we should not exaggerate（夸大）the importance of technology，but one wonders whether，in years to come，we will still be falling in love，and whether we will still feel pain.Who knows?
35.What is the writer's attitude to robots in the future?
A.Critical （批评的）
B.Hostile⁴ （敌意的）
C.Objective（客观的）
D.Enthusiastic （热情的，热心的）
解：这道题问的是作者对于将来计算机的态度。是最后一道试题，根据模糊定位的原则，我们应当根据最后一段来答题，因为文章中就剩下最后一段我们没有读。现在读一下。从作者的叙述来看，并没有对将来计算机的利弊做出评价。文章是以一个疑问句结尾的：who knows?
从这一点看来，作者的态度是客观的、中性的。因此选项C是正确答案。

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