谢尔曼法(Sherman Act)
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谢尔曼法(Sherman Act)

  Section 1. Trusts, etc., in restraint of trade illegal; penalty Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy1, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal. Every person who shall make any contract or engage in any combination or conspiracy hereby declared to be illegal shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $10,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $350,000, or by imprisonment2 not exceeding three years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion3 of the court.第一条 任何限制州际间或与外国之间的贸易或商业的契约,以托拉斯形式或其它形式的联合,或共谋,都是非法的。任何人签订上述契约或从事上述联合或共谋,将构成重罪。如果参与人是公司,将处以不超过1000万美元的罚款。如果参与人是个人,将处以不超过35万美元的罚款,或三年以下监禁。或由法院酌情并用两种处罚。

  Section 2. Monopolizing4 trade a felony; penalty Every person who shall monopolize5, or attempt to monopolize, or combine or conspire6 with any other person or persons, to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $10,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $350,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding three years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.第二条 任何人垄断或企图垄断,或与他人联合、共谋垄断州际间或与外国间的商业和贸易,将构成重罪。如果参与人是公司,将处以不超过1000万美元的罚款;如果参与人是个人,将处以不超过35万美元的罚款,或三年以下监禁。也可由法院酌情并用两种处罚。

  Section 3. Trusts in Territories or District of Columbia illegal; combination a felony Every contract, combination in form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce in any Territory of the United States or of the District of Columbia, or in restraint of trade or commerce between any such Territory and another, or between any such Territory or Territories and any State or States or the District of Columbia, or with foreign nations, or between the District of Columbia and any State or States or foreign nations, is declared illegal. Every person who shall make any such contract or engage in any such combination or conspiracy, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $10,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $350,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding three years, or both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.第三条 任何契约、以托拉斯形式或其它形式的联合、共谋、用来限制美国准州内、哥伦比亚区内,准州之间、准州与各州之间、准州与哥伦比亚区之间,哥伦比亚区同各州间,准州、州、哥伦比亚区与外国间的贸易或商业是非法的。任何人签订上述契约或从事上述联合或共谋,是严重犯罪。如果参与人是公司,将处以不超过1000万美元的罚款;如果参与人是个人,将处以35万美元以下的罚款,或三年以下监禁,或由法院酌情两种处罚并用。

  Section 4. Jurisdiction7 of courts; duty of United States attorneys; procedure The several district courts of the United States are invested with jurisdiction to prevent and restrain violations9 of sections 1 to 7 of this title; and it shall be the duty of the several United States attorneys, in their respective districts, under the direction of the Attorney General, to institute proceedings11 in equity12 to prevent and restrain such violations. Such proceedings may be by way of petition setting forth13 the case and praying that such violation8 shall be enjoined14 or otherwise prohibited. When the parties complained of shall have been duly notified of such petition the court shall proceed, as soon as may be, to the hearing and determination of the case; and pending15 such petition and before final decree, the court may at any time make such temporary restraining order or prohibition16 as shall be deemed just in the premises17.第四条 授权美国区法院司法管辖权,以防止、限制违反本法;各区的检察官,依司法部长的指示,在其各自区内提起衡平诉讼,以防止和限制违反本法行为。起诉可以诉状形式,要求禁止违反本法行为。当诉状已送达被起诉人时,法院要尽快予以审理和判决。在诉状审理期间和禁令发出之前,法院可随时发出在该案中公正的暂时禁止令或限制令。

  Section 5. Bringing in additional parties Whenever it shall appear to the court before which any proceeding10 under section 4 of this title may be pending, that the ends of justice require that other parties should be brought before the court, the court may cause them to be summoned, whether they reside in the district in which the court is held or not; and subpoenas18 to that end may be served in any district by the marshal thereof.第五条 依据本法第四条提起的诉讼尚在审理中时,若该案的公正判决需其它人出庭时,不管其它人是否居住在该法院所在区内,法院都可将其传讯。传票由法院执行官送达。

  Section 6. Forfeiture19 of property in transit20 Any property owned under any contract or by any combination, or pursuant to any conspiracy (and being the subject thereof) mentioned in section 1 of this title, and being in the course of transportation from one State to another, or to a foreign country, shall be forfeited21 to the United States, and may be seized and condemned22 by like proceedings as those provided by law for the forfeiture, seizure23, and condemnation24 of property imported into the United States contrary to law.第六条 依据本法第一条的契约,联合、共谋所拥有的财产,若正由一州运往另一州,或运往国外时,将予以没收,收归国有,并可予以扣押及没收,其程序与没收、扣押违法运入美国财产的程序相同。

  Section 6a. Conduct involving trade or commerce with foreign nations Sections 1 to 7 of this title shall not apply to conduct involving trade or commerce (other than import trade or import commerce) with foreign nations unless -(1) such conduct has a direct, substantial, and reasonably foreseeable effect -(A) on trade or commerce which is not trade or commerce with foreign nations, or on import trade or import commerce with foreign nations; or(B) on export trade or export commerce with foreign nations, of a person engaged in such trade or commerce in the United States; and(2) such effect gives rise to a claim under the provisions of sections 1 to 7 of this title, other than this section. If sections 1 to 7 of this title apply to such conduct only because of the operation of paragraph (1)(B), then sections 1 to 7 of this title shall apply to such conduct only for injury to export business in the United States.第七条 本法不适用于涉及与外国之间的贸易或商业(出了进口贸易或进口商业)的行为,除非(1) 该行为对下列有着直接、实质和可合理预见的影响(A) 非与外国之间的贸易或商业,或与外国之间的进口贸易或进口商业;或(B) 与外国之间的进口贸易或进口商业,某人在美国从事这类贸易或商业;和(2)这种影响产生依据本法但非本条规定的请求权。

  如本法仅因(1)(B)适用于该行为,则本法仅为对美国出口业务的损害适用于该行为。

  Section 7. ''Person'' or ''persons'' defined The word ''person'', or ''persons'', wherever used in sections 1 to 7 of this title shall be deemed to include corporations and associations existing under or authorized26 by the laws of either the United States, the laws of any of the Territories, the laws of any State, or the laws of any foreign country.第八条 本法提到的“人”,应被视为包括依据美国联邦法律、州法、本地法或外国法律成立的,经上述法律的核准的现存公司及组织



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1 conspiracy NpczE     
n.阴谋,密谋,共谋
参考例句:
  • The men were found guilty of conspiracy to murder.这些人被裁决犯有阴谋杀人罪。
  • He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him.他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。
2 imprisonment I9Uxk     
n.关押,监禁,坐牢
参考例句:
  • His sentence was commuted from death to life imprisonment.他的判决由死刑减为无期徒刑。
  • He was sentenced to one year's imprisonment for committing bigamy.他因为犯重婚罪被判入狱一年。
3 discretion FZQzm     
n.谨慎;随意处理
参考例句:
  • You must show discretion in choosing your friend.你择友时必须慎重。
  • Please use your best discretion to handle the matter.请慎重处理此事。
4 monopolizing 374d6352588d46e649fc27b1cdaebb20     
v.垄断( monopolize的现在分词 );独占;专卖;专营
参考例句:
  • United States antitrust legislation prohibits corporations from dominating or monopolizing an industry. 美国反托拉斯法禁止公司控制或垄断一项工业。 来自辞典例句
  • Only nobody else must be kind to him: I'm jealous of monopolizing his affection. 可就是用不着别人对他慈爱:我一心要独占他的感情。 来自辞典例句
5 monopolize FEsxA     
v.垄断,独占,专营
参考例句:
  • She tried to monopolize his time.她想独占他的时间。
  • They are controlling so much cocoa that they are virtually monopolizing the market.他们控制了大量的可可粉,因此他们几乎垄断了整个市场。
6 conspire 8pXzF     
v.密谋,(事件等)巧合,共同导致
参考例句:
  • They'd conspired to overthrow the government.他们曾经密谋推翻政府。
  • History and geography have conspired to bring Greece to a moment of decision.历史和地理因素共同将希腊推至作出抉择的紧要关头。
7 jurisdiction La8zP     
n.司法权,审判权,管辖权,控制权
参考例句:
  • It doesn't lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我无权将你释放。
  • Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隶属江苏省。
8 violation lLBzJ     
n.违反(行为),违背(行为),侵犯
参考例句:
  • He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说,那是违反规则的。
  • He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。
9 violations 403b65677d39097086593415b650ca21     
违反( violation的名词复数 ); 冒犯; 违反(行为、事例); 强奸
参考例句:
  • This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
  • These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。
10 proceeding Vktzvu     
n.行动,进行,(pl.)会议录,学报
参考例句:
  • This train is now proceeding from Paris to London.这次列车从巴黎开往伦敦。
  • The work is proceeding briskly.工作很有生气地进展着。
11 proceedings Wk2zvX     
n.进程,过程,议程;诉讼(程序);公报
参考例句:
  • He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
  • to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼
12 equity ji8zp     
n.公正,公平,(无固定利息的)股票
参考例句:
  • They shared the work of the house with equity.他们公平地分担家务。
  • To capture his equity,Murphy must either sell or refinance.要获得资产净值,墨菲必须出售或者重新融资。
13 forth Hzdz2     
adv.向前;向外,往外
参考例句:
  • The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
  • He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。
14 enjoined a56d6c1104bd2fa23ac381649be067ae     
v.命令( enjoin的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The embezzler was severely punished and enjoined to kick back a portion of the stolen money each month. 贪污犯受到了严厉惩罚,并被责令每月退还部分赃款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • She enjoined me strictly not to tell anyone else. 她严令我不准告诉其他任何人。 来自辞典例句
15 pending uMFxw     
prep.直到,等待…期间;adj.待定的;迫近的
参考例句:
  • The lawsuit is still pending in the state court.这案子仍在州法庭等待定夺。
  • He knew my examination was pending.他知道我就要考试了。
16 prohibition 7Rqxw     
n.禁止;禁令,禁律
参考例句:
  • The prohibition against drunken driving will save many lives.禁止酒后开车将会减少许多死亡事故。
  • They voted in favour of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.他们投票赞成禁止在公共场所吸烟。
17 premises 6l1zWN     
n.建筑物,房屋
参考例句:
  • According to the rules,no alcohol can be consumed on the premises.按照规定,场内不准饮酒。
  • All repairs are done on the premises and not put out.全部修缮都在家里进行,不用送到外面去做。
18 subpoenas 1d71b2fcc5d64d916f25f0c23b3dff6a     
n.(传唤出庭的)传票( subpoena的名词复数 )v.(用传票)传唤(某人)( subpoena的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • My company has complied with committee subpoenas by supplying documents confirming all that I have said. 本公司按照委员会的要求,提供了能够证实我刚才发言的文件。 来自辞典例句
  • Congressional Investigations: Subpoenas and Contempt Power. Report for Congress April 2, 2003. 金灿荣:《美国国会的监督功能》,载《教学与研究》2003年第2期。 来自互联网
19 forfeiture 9zMyA     
n.(名誉等)丧失
参考例句:
  • Both face maximum forfeitures of about $1.2 million.双方都面临最高120万美元左右的罚金。
  • If he should break his day,what should I gain by the exaction of the forfeiture?如果他到期不还我从这罚金中又能得到什么好处?
20 transit MglzVT     
n.经过,运输;vt.穿越,旋转;vi.越过
参考例句:
  • His luggage was lost in transit.他的行李在运送中丢失。
  • The canal can transit a total of 50 ships daily.这条运河每天能通过50条船。
21 forfeited 61f3953f8f253a0175a1f25530295885     
(因违反协议、犯规、受罚等)丧失,失去( forfeit的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Because he broke the rules, he forfeited his winnings. 他犯规,所以丧失了奖金。
  • He has forfeited the right to be the leader of this nation. 他丧失了作为这个国家领导的权利。
22 condemned condemned     
adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
  • The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。
23 seizure FsSyO     
n.没收;占有;抵押
参考例句:
  • The seizure of contraband is made by customs.那些走私品是被海关没收的。
  • The courts ordered the seizure of all her property.法院下令查封她所有的财产。
24 condemnation 2pSzp     
n.谴责; 定罪
参考例句:
  • There was widespread condemnation of the invasion. 那次侵略遭到了人们普遍的谴责。
  • The jury's condemnation was a shock to the suspect. 陪审团宣告有罪使嫌疑犯大为震惊。
25 orb Lmmzhy     
n.太阳;星球;v.弄圆;成球形
参考例句:
  • The blue heaven,holding its one golden orb,poured down a crystal wash of warm light.蓝蓝的天空托着金色的太阳,洒下一片水晶般明亮温暖的光辉。
  • It is an emanation from the distant orb of immortal light.它是从远处那个发出不灭之光的天体上放射出来的。
26 authorized jyLzgx     
a.委任的,许可的
参考例句:
  • An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。
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