（December 19， 1984）
颁布日期：19841219 实施日期：19850201 颁布单位：国务院
Several Provisions on Strengthening the Work of Unclogging Harbours formulated2 by the Leading Group for Port Affairs under the State Council has been approved by the State Council. It is hereby transmitted to you for implementation3.
SEVERAL PROVISIONS ON STRENGTHENING THE WORK OF UNCLOGGING HARBOURS
With the all-round deepening of the reform of the economic structure and the further implementation of the opening policy， there will be further growth in our domestic and foreign trade. However， it is not possible to improve the comprehensive capacity of passage of our harbours fundamentally in the near future. Sharp contradiction between freight volume and transport capacity will remain for a fairly long time in the foreseeable future. In order to keep the harbours unblocked， raise the rate of utilization4 of vehicle， vessels5 and warehouses7， speed up the flow of goods， and improve social and economic results， it is necessary to strengthen the work of unclogging harbours. For this purpose， provisions are formulated as follows：
1. The policy of planned transport must be persisted in. The method of “two-level balance and centralized administration” shall be adopted in formulating8 transport plans for import and export of foreign trade goods. The transport plans， which are issued after going through the procedure of comprehensive balance， must be strictly9 implemented10 by all the departments.
（1） All the foreign trade companies and industrial trade corporations shall deliver goods in a balanced way. All the shipping11 companies shall dispatch their ships in a balanced way so as to prevent the ships from crowding into the harbours.
（2） In arranging loading and unloading foreign trade vessels， the harbours shall strictly observe the principle of planned ones first and those outside the plans next， and basically according to the order of their arrival to the harbours.
（3） The railway， highway and water transport departments shall take an active part in the work of unclogging harbours. Railway departments shall， in dispatching wagons12， loading and transporting goods， give priority to the materials from the clogged13 harbours， according to the monthly balance plan made jointly14 by the Ministry15 of Communications， the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade. Except when transport is suspended as a result of natural disasters and major accidents and when railways are seriously blocked， the loading and transport of the materials from the clogged harbours may not， in principle， be stopped or restricted.
（4） Departments in charge of materials and goods （or their agent units） shall provide direction of transportation for the arrived materials and take practical measures for receiving and storing the materials according to the time set by transport departments. They shall unload the materials and goods from the wagons during their stay at the stations and must not use the wagons as storehouses. The relevant departments shall notify departments in charge of materials and goods， timely， of the delivery and arrival of vessels.
（5） If vessels arrive at harbours without having obtained the approval of the monthly balance meeting held jointly by the Ministry of Communications， the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade， local people's governments shall impose a fine of one yuan for every ton of goods on the responsible units and the unloading of such vessels shall be arranged according to relevant stipulations. Fines shall not be imposed on the vessels which have sent the plans as demanded but have not been included in the plans due to inadequacy16 of capacity of the harbours and railways. However， for large amounts of materials which have crowded into harbours， if the amount is 15% more than the monthly average of the yearly plan， a fine of 0.5 yuan for every ton of goods shall be imposed on the responsible units. Local people's governments shall use 50% to 70% of the income derived17 from fines in awarding the relevant units （including departments for harbour inspection18 and examination） and individuals at the harbour that have made achievements in unclogging the harbours. This shall be organized and implemented by the offices in charge of port affairs in the provinces （regions and municipalities）。
（6） For those materials which have arrived at harbours to be transferred through railways to certain places and which do not belong to reasonable flow， if the amount is within the limit （less than 500 ton for sundry19 goods， less than 1，000 ton for a large bulk of materials）， railway departments shall undertake their transport as reasonable flow. If the amount exceeds the limit， the materials shall be unloaded at the harbours.
（7） Leading Group for Port Affairs of the State Council and the offices in charge of port affairs in the provinces （regions and municipalities） shall， together with the relevant competent departments， conduct supervision20 and examination over such links of transportation as organizing sources of goods， ordering goods， delivery of goods， dispatch of vessels， loading and unloading at harbours and dispersion in transport， and shall handle and arbitrate major problems which arise in planned transport.
2. In order to maintain normal production order at harbours， bring into full play the initiative of all the parties and raise the rate of turn-rounds of vehicle， vessels and goods， the relevant units at the ports shall， in the spirit of the current reform of the economic structure， sign bilateral21 or multilateral economic agreements， define each party's responsibilities and clearly observe the policy of awards and penalties. The content of the agreements may include provisions concerning period of detention22 for vessels， number of railway wagons to be loaded， the time freight trains may be allowed to stay at harbours， awards to those who go beyond the plans in unloading goods from vessels and loading wagons and trucks， etc. - which， as economic restrictive clauses for the parties， shall be implemented under the aegis23 of the local offices for port affairs.
3. Except bulk cargo24 and those which can be transported through special railway lines， the materials destined25 for places not far from harbours shall in principle be transported by trucks. Highway transportation enterprises shall try every means to improve business management， lower the cost and freight rates， and apply the business policies of good service， and small profits but quick turnover26. The distance limit within which the materials and goods from harbours must be transported by trucks shall be set by local people's government of the province （region or municipality） in accordance with the local conditions. Except for special circumstances， the materials and goods for places within the prescribed distance limit shall not be transported through railways.
4. The harbours from which materials and goods can be transported by water shall make full use of vessels. In case the provinces， autonomous27 regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government are unable to transport timely their materials and goods from clogged harbours， local offices for port affairs and the relevant departments shall organize transport for them， and the harbours of arrival shall treat such vessels as those within the plan and arrange unloading for them.
5. In case a harbour is clogged or in other special circumstances， the Ministry of Communications， the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade as well as the competent departments of the relevant units in charge of materials and goods， or the Leading Group for Port Affairs of the State Council， may decide to change the harbour of arrival for foreign trade vessels. The ports of arrival for those vessels and departments for transportation shall treat them equally as those within their plans and， with the close cooperation of the owners of the cargo， adjust the direction of transportation for the cargo and take measures for receiving and storing the cargo. The extra shipping expenses shall be borne by the shipping companies and the extra domestic freight， by the owners. If agreements have been signed， the agreements shall apply.
6. Except for small quantities， imported grade-1 dangerous goods shall be， in principle， transported in containers. Highly dangerous goods shall be， in principle， transloaded directly without touching28 the ground. If it is necessary to move them onto storage ground in extraordinary circumstances， the owners must take delivery of the goods and leave the ground within a time limit.
7. If economic agreements have not yet been signed in accordance with Article 2 of these Provisions， the relevant departments shall handle the cases according to the following measures：
（1） In case the imported materials which have been unloaded onto harbour storage grounds remain at the harbour for more than 10 days （the 4 days of reasonable storage period is not included， the same below） because the owners or their agents fail to provide reasonable directions of transportation and adopt practicable measures for receiving and storing the goods， an additional storage fee， which is 50% of the set rate， shall be collected from the owners or their agents starting from the first day that is overdue29； an additional storage fee， which is 100% of the set rate， shall be collected if the materials are overdue for more than 20 days. If the owners cannot take delivery of their goods in time because of the harbour's responsibility， the harbour authority shall exempt30 them from additional storage fees and pay the owners the expenses for hiring the vehicle and vessels which have come in vain for the goods. If the owners cannot take delivery of the goods which are within the monthly balance plans because of the railway department's responsibility， the railway department shall bear the additional storage fees. If goods cannot be taken delivery of in time due to force majeure or other special reasons， additional storage fees shall be exempted31. Local offices for port affairs shall mediate32 and arbitrate any disputes over issues of responsibilities.
（2） In case any unloaded and stored goods remain on the storage grounds of a clogged harbour for more than 14 days， and the owners has already been urged to take delivery of the goods， the local office for port affairs may decide to move the goods to a warehouse6 or move them outside the harbour area. The owner shall bear all the expenses arising therefrom. The choice of the warehouses shall facilitate transportation of goods from the clogged harbour. When the owners apply for train wagons for the transportation of the goods in the warehouses， railway departments shall treat their goods as materials from clogged harbours.
（3） In case imported goods remain at a harbour for more than two months and the owner has not taken delivery of the goods although he has been urged to do so， they shall be treated as goods which cannot be delivered. Those goods which have gone through Customs declaration shall be confiscated33 by the relevant department at the harbour according to the instructions of the local people's government. Those goods which have not gone through Customs declaration shall be confiscated by the Customs. The income from the sale of the confiscated goods shall be turned over to the State treasury34 according to the relevant stipulations. If it is proved that the goods have been wrongly confiscated and sold， the party responsible for the error shall pay for the economic loss of the owner.
（4） When a harbour is seriously blocked， in order to unclog it as soon as possible， upon the suggestion of the local office for port affairs and the approval of the Leading Group for Port Affairs of the State Council， some materials which have remained at the harbour for less than two months may also be subjected to necessary treatment.
8. The provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government， where there are harbours， shall， in accordance with these Provisions， formulate1 rules for implementing35 the work of unclogging harbours in the light of their respective conditions and report to the Leading Group for Port Affairs of the State Council for the record. Local offices for port affairs shall be responsible for the implementation of the rules.
9. These Provisions shall be trial implemented as of February 1， 1985. If any existing provisions in this regard conflict with these Provisions， these Provisions shall prevail.
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