1991年联合国贸易和发展会议/国际商会多式联运单证规则
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
 

颁布日期:19910101  实施日期:19910101

  1. Applicability

  1.1 These Rules apply when they are incorporated, however this ismade, in writing, orally or otherwise, into a contract of carriage byreference to the “UNCTAD/ICC Rules for multimodal transport documents”,irrespective of whether there is a unimodal or a multimodal transportcontract involving one or several modes of transport or whether a documenthas been issued or not.

  1.2 Whenever such a reference is made, the parties agree that theseRules shall supersede1 any additional terms of the multimodal transportcontract which are in conflict with these Rules, except insofar as theyincrease the responsibility or obligations of the multimodal transportoperator.

  2. Definitions

  2.1 Multimodal transport contract (multimodal transport contract)means a single contract for the carriage of goods by at least twodifferent modes of transport.

  2.2 Multimodal transport operator (MTO) means any person who concludesa multimodal transport contract and assumes responsibility for theperformance thereof as a carrier.

  2.3 Carrier means the person who actually performs or undertakes toperform the carriage, or part thereof, whether he is identical with themultimodal transport operator or not.

  2.4 Consignor2 means the person who concludes the multimodal transportcontract with the multimodal transport operator.

  2.5 Consignee3 means the person entitled to receive the goods from themultimodal transport operator.

  2.6 Multimodal transport document (MT document) means a documentevidencing a multimodal transport contract and which can be replaced byelectronic data interchange messages insofar as permitted by applicablelaw and be,

  (a) issued in a negotiable form or,

  (b) issued in a non-negotiable form indicating a named consignee.

  2.7 Taken in charge means that the goods have been handed over to andaccepted for carriage by the MTO.

  2.8 Delivery means

  (a) the handing over of the goods to the consignee, or

  (b) the placing of the goods at the disposal of the consignee inaccordance with the multimodal transport contract or with the law or usageof the particular trade applicable at the place of delivery, or

  (c) the handing over of the goods to an authority or other thirdparty to whom, pursuant to the law or regulations applicable at the placeof delivery, the goods must be handed over.

  2.9 Special Drawing Right (SDR) means the unit of account as definedby the International Monetary4 Fund.

  2.10 Goods means any property including live animals as well ascontainers, pallets or similar articles of transport or packaging notsupplied by the MTO, irrespective of whether such property is to be or iscarried on or under deck.

  3. Evidentiary effect of the information contained in the multi-modal transport document

  The information in the MT document shall be prima facie evidence ofthe taking in charge by the MTO of the goods as described by suchinformation unless a contrary indication, such as “shipper's weight, loadand count”, “shipper-packed container” or similar expressions, has beenmade in the printed text or superimposed on the document. Proof to thecontrary shall not be admissible when the MT document has beentransferred, or the equivalent electronic data interchange message hasbeen transmitted to and acknowledged by the consignee who in good faithhas relied and acted thereon.

  4. Responsibilities of the multimodal transport operator

  4.1 Period of responsibility

  The responsibility of the MTO for the goods under these Rules coversthe period from the time the MTO has taken the goods in his charge to thetime of their delivery.

  4.2 The liability of the MTO for his servants, agents and otherpersons

  The multimodal transport operator shall be responsible for the actsand omissions6 of his servants or agents, when any such servant or agent isacting within the scope of his employment, or of any other person ofwhose services he makes use for the performance of the contract, as ifsuch acts and omissions were his own.

  4.3 Delivery of the goods to the consignee

  The MTO undertakes to perform or to procure7 the performance of allacts necessary to ensure delivery of the goods:

  (a) when the MT document has been issued in a negotiable form “tobearer”, to the person surrendering one original of the document, or

  (b) when the MT document has been issued in a negotiable form “toorder”, to the person surrendering one original of the document dulyendorsed, or

  (c) when the MT document has been issued in a negotiable form to anamed person, to that person upon proof of his identity and surrender ofone original document; if such document has been transferred “to order” orin blank the provisions of (b) above apply, or

  (d) when the MT document has been issued in a non-negotiable form,to the person named as consignee in the document upon proof of hisidentity, or

  (e) when no document has been issued, to a person as instructed bythe consignor or by a person who has acquired the consignor's or theconsignee's rights under the multimodal transport contract to give suchinstructions.

  5. Liability of the multimodal transport operator

  5.1 Basis of Liability

  Subject to the defences set forth8 in Rule 5.4 and Rule 6, MTO shall beliable for loss of or damage to the goods, as well as for delay indelivery, if the occurrence which caused the loss, damage or delay indelivery took place while the goods were in his charge as defined in Rule4.1, unless the MTO proves that no fault or neglect of his own, hisservants or agents or any other person referred to in Rule 4 has caused orcontributed to the loss, damage or delay in delivery. However, the MTOshall not be liable for loss following from delay in delivery unless theconsignor has made a declaration of interest in timely delivery which hasbeen accepted by the MTO.

  5.2 Delay in delivery

  Delay in delivery occurs when the goods have not been delivered withinthe time expressly agreed upon or, in the absence of such agreement,within the time which it would be reasonable to require of a diligent9 MTO,having regard to the circumstances of the case.

  5.3 Conversion10 of delay into final loss

  If the goods have not been delivered within ninety consecutive11 daysfollowing the date of delivery determined12 according to Rule 5.2, theclaimant may, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, treat the goodsas lost.

  5.4 Defences for carriage by sea or inland waterways

  Notwithstanding the provisions of Rule 5.1. the MTO shall not beresponsible for loss, damage or delay in delivery with respect to goodscarried by sea or inland waterways when such loss, damage or delay duringsuch carriage has been caused by:

  。 act, neglect, or default of the master, mariner13, pilot or theservants of the carrier in the navigation or in the management of theship,

  。 fire, unless caused by the actual fault or privity of thecarrier, however, always provided that whenever loss or damage hasresulted from unseaworthiness of the ship, the MTO can prove that duediligence has been exercised to make the ship seaworthy at thecommencement of the voyage.

  5.5 Assessment14 of compensation

  5.5.1 Assessment of compensation for loss of or damage to the goodsshall be made by reference to the value of such goods at the place andtime they are delivered to the consignee or at the place and time when, inaccordance with the multimodal transport contract, they should have beenso delivered.

  5.5.2 The value of the goods shall be determined according to thecurrent commodity exchange price or, if there is no such price, accordingto the current market price or, if there is no commodity exchange price orcurrent market price, by reference to the normal value of goods of thesame kind and quality.

  6. Limitation of liability of the multimodal transport operator

  6.1 Unless the nature and value of the goods have been declared by theconsignor before the goods have been taken in charge by the MTO andinserted in the MT document, the MTO shall in no event be or become liablefor any loss of or damage to the goods in an amount exceeding theequivalent of 666.67 SDR per package or unit or 2 SDR per kilogramme ofgross weight of the goods lost or damaged, whichever is the higher.

  6.2 Where a container, pallet or similar article of transport isloaded with more than one package or unit, the packages or other shippingunits enumerated16 in the MT document as packed in such article of transportare deemed packages or shipping15 units. Except as aforesaid, such articleof transport shall be considered the package or unit.

  6.3 Notwithstanding the above-mentioned provisions, if the multimodaltransport does not, according to the contract, include carriage of goodsby sea or by inland waterways, the liability of the MTO shall be limitedto an amount not exceeding 8.33 SDR per kilogramme of gross weight of thegoods lost or damaged.

  6.4 When the loss of or damage to the goods occurred during oneparticular stage of the multimodal transport, in respect of which anapplicable international convention or mandatory17 national law would haveprovided another limit of liability if a separate contract of carriage hadbeen made for that particular stage of transport, then the limit of theMTO's liability for such loss or damage shall be determined by referenceto the provisions of such convention or mandatory national law.

  6.5 If the MTO is liable in respect of loss following from delay indelivery, or consequential18 loss or damage other than loss of or damage tothe goods, the liability of the MTO shall be limited to an amount notexceeding the equivalent of the freight under the multimodal transportcontract for the multimodal transport.

  6.6 The aggregate19 liability of the MTO shall not exceed the limits ofliability for total loss of the goods.

  7. Loss of the right of the multimodal transport operator to limitliability

  The MTO is not entitled to the benefit of the limitation of liabilityif it is proved that the loss, damage or delay in delivery resulted froma personal act or omission5 of the MTO done with the intent to cause suchloss, damage or delay, or recklessly and with knowledge that such loss,damage or delay would probably result.

  8. Liability of the consignor

  8.1 The consignor shall be deemed to have guaranteed to the MTO theaccuracy, at the time the goods were taken in charge by the MTO, of allparticulars relating to the general nature of the goods, their marks,number, weight, volume and quantity and, if applicable, to the dangerouscharacter of the goods, as furnished by him or on his behalf for insertionin the MT document.

  8.2 The consignor shall indemnify the MTO against any loss resultingfrom inaccuracies in or inadequacies of the particulars referred to above.

  8.3 The Consignor shall remain liable even if the MT document has beentransferred by him.

  8.4 The right of the MTO to such indemnity20 shall in no way limit hisliability under the multimodal transport contract to any person other thanthe consignor.

  9. Notice of loss or damage to the goods

  9.1 Unless notice of loss of or damage to the goods, specifying21 thegeneral nature of such loss or damage, is given in writing by theconsignee to the MTO when the goods are handed over to the consignee, suchhanding over is prima facie evidence of the delivery by the MTO of thegoods as described in the MT document.

  9.2 Where the loss or damage is not apparent, the same prima facieeffect shall apply if notice in writing is not given within 6 consecutivedays after the day when the goods were handed over to the consignee.

  10. Time-bar

  The MTO shall, unless otherwise expressly agreed, be discharged of allliability under these Rules unless suit is brought within 9 month afterthe delivery of the goods, or the date when the goods should have beendelivered, or the date when in accordance with Rule 5.3, failure todeliver the goods would give the consignee the right to treat the goods aslost.

  11. Applicability of the rules to actions in tort

  These Rules apply to all claims against the MTO relating to theperformance of the multimodal transport contract, whether the claim befounded in contract or in tort.

  12. Applicability of the rules to the multimodal transport ope-rator's servants, agents and other persons employed by him

  The Rules apply whenever claims relating to the performance of themultimodal transport contract are made against any servant, agent or otherperson whose services the MTO has used in order to perform the multimodaltransport contract, whether such claims are founded in contract or intort, and the aggregate liability of the MTO of such servants, agents orother persons shall not exceed the limits in Rule 6.

  13. Mandatory law

  These Rules shall take effect to the extent that they are not contraryto the mandatory provisions of international conventions or national lawapplicable to the multimodal transport contract.



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 supersede zrXwz     
v.替代;充任
参考例句:
  • We must supersede old machines by new ones.我们必须以新机器取代旧机器。
  • The use of robots will someday supersede manual labor.机器人的使用有一天会取代人力。
2 consignor dc334384a6c7209e9f51fae8df429846     
n.委托者;发货人;寄件人;交付人
参考例句:
  • A dead body of a male adult, a dead consignor, a target. 一具男人的尸体,一位死去的委托者,一个目标。 来自互联网
  • Frozen plant of company many invest in, attract consignor thick as hail. 公司大量投资于冷冻设备,吸引货主纷至沓来。 来自互联网
3 consignee Mawyp     
n.受托者,收件人,代销人;承销人;收货人
参考例句:
  • The consignee is decided according to the order of the shipper or the opening bank. 收货人是由托运人或开证行的指令决定。 来自辞典例句
  • For Freight Collect shipments, the charge will be billed to the consignee. 若采取收件人付费方式,则费用由收件人支付。 来自互联网
4 monetary pEkxb     
adj.货币的,钱的;通货的;金融的;财政的
参考例句:
  • The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
  • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
5 omission mjcyS     
n.省略,删节;遗漏或省略的事物,冗长
参考例句:
  • The omission of the girls was unfair.把女孩排除在外是不公平的。
  • The omission of this chapter from the third edition was a gross oversight.第三版漏印这一章是个大疏忽。
6 omissions 1022349b4bcb447934fb49084c887af2     
n.省略( omission的名词复数 );删节;遗漏;略去或漏掉的事(或人)
参考例句:
  • In spite of careful checking, there are still omissions. 饶这么细心核对,还是有遗漏。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • It has many omissions; even so, it is quite a useful reference book. 那本书有许多遗漏之处,即使如此,尚不失为一本有用的参考书。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
7 procure A1GzN     
vt.获得,取得,促成;vi.拉皮条
参考例句:
  • Can you procure some specimens for me?你能替我弄到一些标本吗?
  • I'll try my best to procure you that original French novel.我将尽全力给你搞到那本原版法国小说。
8 forth Hzdz2     
adv.向前;向外,往外
参考例句:
  • The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
  • He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。
9 diligent al6ze     
adj.勤勉的,勤奋的
参考例句:
  • He is the more diligent of the two boys.他是这两个男孩中较用功的一个。
  • She is diligent and keeps herself busy all the time.她真勤快,一会儿也不闲着。
10 conversion UZPyI     
n.转化,转换,转变
参考例句:
  • He underwent quite a conversion.他彻底变了。
  • Waste conversion is a part of the production process.废物处理是生产过程的一个组成部分。
11 consecutive DpPz0     
adj.连续的,联贯的,始终一贯的
参考例句:
  • It has rained for four consecutive days.已连续下了四天雨。
  • The policy of our Party is consecutive.我党的政策始终如一。
12 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
13 mariner 8Boxg     
n.水手号不载人航天探测器,海员,航海者
参考例句:
  • A smooth sea never made a skillful mariner.平静的大海决不能造就熟练的水手。
  • A mariner must have his eye upon rocks and sands as well as upon the North Star.海员不仅要盯着北极星,还要注意暗礁和险滩。
14 assessment vO7yu     
n.评价;评估;对财产的估价,被估定的金额
参考例句:
  • This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
  • What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何?
15 shipping WESyg     
n.船运(发货,运输,乘船)
参考例句:
  • We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
  • There's a shipping charge of £5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。
16 enumerated 837292cced46f73066764a6de97d6d20     
v.列举,枚举,数( enumerate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • A spokesperson enumerated the strikers' demands. 发言人列数罢工者的要求。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He enumerated the capitals of the 50 states. 他列举了50个州的首府。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
17 mandatory BjTyz     
adj.命令的;强制的;义务的;n.受托者
参考例句:
  • It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。
  • There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。
18 consequential caQyq     
adj.作为结果的,间接的;重要的
参考例句:
  • She was injured and suffered a consequential loss of earnings.她受了伤因而收入受损。
  • This new transformation is at least as consequential as that one was.这一新的转变至少和那次一样重要。
19 aggregate cKOyE     
adj.总计的,集合的;n.总数;v.合计;集合
参考例句:
  • The football team had a low goal aggregate last season.这支足球队上个赛季的进球总数很少。
  • The money collected will aggregate a thousand dollars.进帐总额将达一千美元。
20 indemnity O8RxF     
n.赔偿,赔款,补偿金
参考例句:
  • They paid an indemnity to the victim after the accident.他们在事故后向受害者付了赔偿金。
  • Under this treaty,they were to pay an indemnity for five million dollars.根据这项条约,他们应赔款500万美元。
21 specifying ca4cf95d0de82d4463dfea22d3f8c836     
v.指定( specify的现在分词 );详述;提出…的条件;使具有特性
参考例句:
  • When we describe what the action will affect, we are specifying the noun of the sentence. 当描述动作会影响到什么时,我们指定组成句子的名词。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • Procurement section only lists opportunistic infection drugs without specifying which drugs. 采购部分只说明有治疗机会性感染的药物,但并没有说明是什么药物。 来自互联网
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