中华人民共和国农业技术推广法_法律英语

中华人民共和国农业技术推广法

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2007-05-04 02:59 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

（Adopted at the Second Meeting of the Standing¹ Committee of the Eighth National people's Congress on July 2， 1993， promulgated² by Order No. 5 of the President of the People's Republic of China on July 2， 1993， and effective as of July 2， 1993）
颁布日期：19930702 　实施日期：19930702 　颁布单位：全国人大常委会

　　Contents

　　Chapter Ⅰ General Provisions

　　Chapter Ⅱ System of Agro-technical Popularization

　　Chapter Ⅲ Popularization and Application of Agro-techniques

　　Chapter Ⅳ Safeguards for Agro-technical Popularization

　　Chapter Ⅴ Supplementary³ Provisions

　　Chapter Ⅰ General Provisions

　　Article 1 This Law is formulated⁵ with a view to strengthening the Work of agro-technical popularization， enabling the prompt application of results of agricultural scientific research and practical techniques to agricultural production， safeguarding the development of agriculture and realizing the modernization⁶ of agriculture.

　　Article 2 “Agro-techniques” mentioned in this Law refer to the scientific research results and practical techniques to be applied⁷ to crop cultivation⁸， forestry⁹， animal husbandry and fishery， including techniques of breeding good strains， applying fertilizers， preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests， as well as plant cultivation and animal husbandry； techniques of processing， preserving， storaging and transporting products and byproducts of agriculture； techniques of agricultural machinery¹⁰ and agricultural aviation； techniques of irrigation and water conservancy， soil improvement and water and soil conservation； techniques of water supply and energy utilization¹¹ in rural areas and agricultural environmental protection； techniques of agricultural meteorology， and techniques of agricultural management and administration.

　　“Popularization of agricultural technology” mentioned in this Law refers to the dissemination¹² and the application of agro-techniques to the entire process of the pre-inter-post production of agricultural production by means of experiment， demonstration¹³， training， and consultation¹⁴ services.

　　Article 3 The State shall rely on the progress of science and technology and the development of education to invigorate the rural economy， speed up the popularization and application of agro-techniques and develop an agriculture with high yield， good quality and high beneficial results.

　　Article 4 The following principles shall be observed in the popularization of agricultural technology：

　　1. to be conducive¹⁵ to the development of agriculture；

　　2. to respect the will of agricultural labourers；

　　3. to adopt measures suitable to local conditions after experimentation¹⁶ and demonstration；

　　4. to be supported by the State and rural economic collectives；

　　5. to practise the combination of institutions of scientific research， relevant schools or colleges and Popularization setups with mass organizations of science and technology， scientific and technical personnel， and agricultural labourers；

　　6. to stress economic and social and ecological¹⁷ benefits of agricultural production.

　　Article 5 The State shall encourage and support scientific and technical personnel to develop， popularize and apply advanced agro-techniques； encourage and support agricultural labourers and agricultural production and operation organizations to apply advanced agro-techniques.

　　Article 6 The State shall encourage and support the introduction of advanced agro-techniques from foreign countries and promote the international cooperation and exchanges of agro-technical popularization.

　　Article 7 People's governments at various levels shall strengthen their leadership in the work of agro-technical popularization and organize the relevant departments and units to take measures to promote the development of agro-technical popularization.

　　Article 8 The units or individuls that have made contributions to the work of agro-technical popularization shall be a warded¹⁸.

　　Article 9 The administrative¹⁹ departments under the State Council in charge of agriculture， forestry， animal husbandry， fishery and water conservancy （hereinafter referred to generally as the administrative departments of agro-technical popularization）， shall be responsible for the relevant work of agro-technical popularization in the whole country according to their respective functions and duties. The administrative departments of agro-technical popularization of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall， under the leadership of the people's governments at the corresponding levels， be responsible for the relevant work of agro-technical popularization within their administrative areas according to their respective functions and duties. The administrative departments of science and technology of people's governments at the corresponding levels shall give guidance to the work of agro-technical Popularization.

　　Chapter Ⅱ System of Agro-technical Popularization

　　Article l0 In the Process of agro-technical popularization， a popularization system of combining agro-technical popularization setups with institutions of agricultural scientific research， relevant schools or colleges， mass organizations of science and technology， and peasant technical personnel shall be practised.

　　The State shall encourage and support supply and marketing²⁰ co-operatives， other enterprises and institutions， social organizations， and scientific and technical personnel in all walks of life to carry out service activities of agro-technical popularization in rural areas.

　　Article 11 The functions and duties of the agro-technical popularization setups at or above the township， nationality township and town levels shall lie in：

　　l. participating in the working out of agro-technical popularization Plans and organizing the implementation²¹ thereof；

　　2. organizing professional trainings of agro-techniques；

　　3. providing services of agro-technique and information；

　　4. carrying out experimentation and demonstration of agro-techniques already decided²² upon to be popularized， and

　　5. instructing agro-technical popularization activities of their subordinate agro-technical popularization setups， mass organizations of science and technology and Peasant technical personnel.

　　Article l2 Professional scientific and technical personnel of agro-technical popularization setups shall possess the relevant professional qualifications at or above the secondary professional schooling²³， or reach corresponding professional and technical standards through the professional examination and training sponsored by the relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level.

　　Article 13 Agro-technical popularization service organizations of villages and peasant technical personnel shall， under the guidance of agro-technical popularization setups， disseminate²⁴ agro-technical knowledge， carry out measures of agro-technical popularization and provide agricultural labourers with technical service.

　　In the popularization of agro-techniques， peasant households with proper conditions shall be selected to demonstrate the application.

　　The State shall take measures to train peasant technical personnel. Peasant technical personnel who meet relevant requirements after examinations may according to relevant regulations be awarded with corresponding technical titles and certificates.

　　Villagers committees and village economic collectives shall promote and help agro-technical popularization service organizations and peasant technical personnel of the villages to carry out their work.

　　Article l4 Farms， forest farms， animal farms and fishing grounds shall， besides doing a good job in their own work of agro-technical popularization， unfold service activities of agro-technical popularization to the whole society.

　　Article l5 Institutions of agricultural scientific research and relevant schools or colleges shall adapt themselves to the needs of the development of rural economic construction， carry out the work of agro-technical development and popularization， and speed up the dissemination and application of advanced technology to agricultural production.

　　Educational departments shall develop professional technical education and agro-technical trainings relating to agro-technical popularization in the countryside to improve the technical qualification of agro-technical popularization personnel and agricultural labourers. The State shall encourage agricultural economic collectives， enterprises and institutions， and other social forces to develop agro-technical education in the countryside.

　　As to the scientific and technological²⁵ personnel of institutions of agricultural scientific research and relevant schools or colleges who are engaged in the work of agro-technical popularization， the practical achievements they have made in the work of agro-technical popularization shall be taken as major indicators²⁶ for performance appraisal²⁷ in determining and conferring academic and technical titles.

　　Article 16 The State shall encourage and support the development of mass organizations of science and technology in the countryside， and bring their role in agro-technical Popularization into play.

　　Chapter Ⅲ Popularization and Application of Agro-techniques

　　Article 17 Projects of agro-technical Popularization shall be drawn²⁸ up in popularizing agro-techniques. Key projects of agro-technical popularization shall be included into national and local plans involving the development of science and technology， and be carried out with cooperation by administrative departments of agro-technical Popularization and of science and technology according to their respective functions and duties.

　　Article l8 Institutions of agricultural scientific research and relevant schools or colleges shall take up technical problems which need to be solved in agricultural production as their research subjects， and the results of their scientific research may be popularized by agro-technical popularization setups or may be popularized directly to agricultural labourers and agricultural production and operation organizations by such institutions of agricultural scientific research and such schools or colleges.

　　Article l9 The agro-techniques to be popularized to agricultural labourers must have been Proved to be advanced and applicable by experiments in the areas for popularization.

　　Anyone who popularizes to agricultural labourers agro-techniques which have not been proved to be advanced and applicable by experiments in the areas for popularization and thus causes losses to agricultural labourers shall be liable for civil compensation. The competent personnel in charge and other persons held directly responsible may be given administrative sanctions by the units they belong to or organs at higher levels.

　　Article 20 Agricultural labourers shall apply agro-techniques on voluntary basis.

　　No organization or individual shall force agricultural labourers to apply agro-techniques. Anyone who forces agricultural labourers to apply agro-techniques and thus causes losses to agricultural labourers shall be liable for civil compensation. The competent personnel in charge and other Persons held directly responsible may be given administrative sanctions by the units they belong to or organs at higher levels.

　　Article 2l Agro-technical popularization setups at the county or township level shall organize agricultural labourers to study scientific and technological knowledge of agriculture so as to raise their ability of applying agro-techniques.

　　When agricultural labourers apply advanced agro-techniques to their production， the departments and units concerned shall give assistance to them in aspects of technical trainings， funds， materials and sales. The State shall encourage and support agricultural labourers to participate in the activities of agro-technical popularization.

　　Article 22 Popularization of agro-techniques to agricultural labourers by national agro-technical popularization setups shall， except as otherwise provided in the second paragraph of this Article， be carried out gratis²⁹.

　　Provision of agro-techniques through technical transfer， technical service and technical contract by agro-technical popularization setups or institutions of agricultural scientific research， relevant schools or colleges or scientific and technological personnel， may be carried out in the form of compensable service， and their lawful³⁰ earnings³¹ shall be protected by law. In conducting agro-technical transfer， technical service and technical contract， parties concerned shall conclude contracts to define their respective rights and duties.

　　The funds needed to popularize agro-techniques by national agro-technical popularization setups shall be allocated³² by the financial department of the Government.

　　Chapter Ⅳ Safeguards for Agro-technical Popularization

　　Article 23 The State shall gradually increase its input³³ to agro-technical popularization. People's governments at various levels shall secure the funds to be used for agro-technical popularization in their financial budgets and shall increase such funds year by year.

　　People's governments at various levels shall， through channels of financial allocation or drawing a fixed³⁴ proportion of funds from agricultural development fund， raise special funds for agro-technical popularization to carry out projects of agro-technical popularization.

　　No state organ or unit shall intercept³⁵ or misappropriate funds to be used for agro-technical popularization.

　　Article 24 People's governments at various levels shall take measures to guarantee and improve the working and living conditions of the professional scientific and technical personnel engaged in the work of agro-technical popularization， better their treatments and give subsidies³⁶ to them according to the provisions of the State so as to maintain the stability of agro-technical popularization setups and professional scientific and technical personnel. In determining and conferring academic and technical titles of professional scientific and technical personnel engaged in the work of agro-technical popularization in townships or villages， their professional technical levels and achievements in the work of popularization shall be considered as major indicators for performance appraisal.

　　Article 25 Economic collectives of townships or villages shall draw a fixed potion from the funds owned by the enterprises established by them for subsidizing and developing agriculture through development of industry to be used for the input to agro-technical popularization in their own townships or villages.

　　Article 26 Agro-technical popularization setups， institutions of agricultural scientific research and the relevant schools or colleges may， according to the need of economic development in rural areas， carry out various forms of management services such as combination of technical guidance with material supply. And the State shall grant preferential treatment in respect of taxation³⁷， loan and Credit to enterprises in service of agriculture run by agro-technical popularization setups， institutions of agricultural scientific research and relevant schools or colleges.

　　Article 27 Administrative departments of agro-technical popularization and agro-technical popularization setups at or above the county level shall carry out in a planned way technical trainings for agro-technical popularization Personnel and organize them to obtain professional studies so as to update their knowledge and enhance their vocational level.

　　Article 28 Local people's governments at various levels shall take measures to guarantee that agro-technical popularization setups obtain essential experimental bases and means of production to carry out experiments and demonstrations³⁸ of agro-techniques.

　　Local people's governments at various levels shall guarantee that agro-technical popularization setups have necessary conditions for carrying out work of agro-technical popularization.

　　Local People's governments at various levels shall guarantee that the experimental bases， means of production and other properties of agro-technical popularization setups be free from encroachment³⁹.

　　Chapter Ⅴ Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 29 The State Council shall， in accordance with this Law， formulate⁴ rules for implementation.

　　The standing committees of the people's congresses of provinces， autonomous⁴⁰ regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall， in accordance with this Law and in the light of their local conditions， formulate measures for the implementation of this Law.

　　Article 30 This Law shall come into force as or the date of its promulgation⁴¹.

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收听单词发音

1 standing
n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的
参考例句：
After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。 They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

2 promulgated
v.宣扬（某事物）( promulgate的过去式和过去分词 )；传播；公布；颁布（法令、新法律等）
参考例句：
Hence China has promulgated more than 30 relevant laws, statutes and regulations. 中国为此颁布的法律、法规和规章多达３０余项。来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书 The shipping industry promulgated a voluntary code. 航运业对自律守则进行了宣传。来自辞典例句

3 supplementary
adj.补充的，附加的
参考例句：
There is a supplementary water supply in case the rain supply fails.万一主水源断了，我们另外有供水的地方。 A supplementary volume has been published containing the index.附有索引的增补卷已经出版。

4 formulate
v.用公式表示；规划；设计；系统地阐述
参考例句：
He took care to formulate his reply very clearly.他字斟句酌，清楚地做了回答。 I was impressed by the way he could formulate his ideas.他陈述观点的方式让我印象深刻。

5 formulated
v.构想出( formulate的过去式和过去分词 )；规划；确切地阐述；用公式表示
参考例句：
He claims that the writer never consciously formulated his own theoretical position. 他声称该作家从未有意识地阐明他自己的理论见解。来自《简明英汉词典》 This idea can be formulated in two different ways. 这个意思可以有两种说法。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

6 modernization
n.现代化，现代化的事物
参考例句：
This will help us achieve modernization.这有助于我们实现现代化。 The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country.中国人民必将实现国家现代化。

7 applied
adj.应用的；v.应用，适用
参考例句：
She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。 This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

8 cultivation
n.耕作，培养，栽培（法），养成
参考例句：
The cultivation in good taste is our main objective.培养高雅情趣是我们的主要目标。 The land is not fertile enough to repay cultivation.这块土地不够肥沃，不值得耕种。

9 forestry
n.森林学；林业
参考例句：
At present, the Chinese forestry is being at a significant transforming period. 当前, 我国的林业正处于一个重大的转折时期。 Anhua is one of the key forestry counties in Hunan province. 安化县是湖南省重点林区县之一。

10 machinery
n.(总称)机械，机器；机构
参考例句：
Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗？ Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。

11 utilization
n.利用，效用
参考例句：
Computer has found an increasingly wide utilization in all fields.电子计算机已越来越广泛地在各个领域得到应用。 Modern forms of agricultural utilization,have completely refuted this assumption.现代农业利用形式，完全驳倒了这种想象。

12 dissemination
传播,宣传,传染(病毒)
参考例句：
The dissemination of error does people great harm. 谬种流传，误人不浅。 He was fully bent upon the dissemination of Chinese culture all over the world. 他一心致力于向全世界传播中国文化。

13 demonstration
n.表明，示范，论证，示威
参考例句：
His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。 He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

14 consultation
n.咨询；商量；商议；会议
参考例句：
The company has promised wide consultation on its expansion plans.该公司允诺就其扩展计划广泛征求意见。 The scheme was developed in close consultation with the local community.该计划是在同当地社区密切磋商中逐渐形成的。

15 conducive
adj.有益的，有助的
参考例句：
This is a more conducive atmosphere for studying.这样的氛围更有利于学习。 Exercise is conducive to good health.体育锻炼有助于增强体质。

16 experimentation
n.实验，试验，实验法
参考例句：
Many people object to experimentation on animals.许多人反对用动物做实验。 Study and analysis are likely to be far cheaper than experimentation.研究和分析的费用可能要比实验少得多。

17 ecological
adj.生态的，生态学的
参考例句：
The region has been declared an ecological disaster zone.这个地区已经宣布为生态灾难区。 Each animal has its ecological niche.每种动物都有自己的生态位.

18 warded
有锁孔的，有钥匙榫槽的
参考例句：
The soldiers warded over the city. 士兵们守护着这座城市。 He warded off a danger. 他避开了危险。

19 administrative
adj.行政的，管理的
参考例句：
The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。 He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

20 marketing
n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西
参考例句：
They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。 He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。

21 implementation
n.实施，贯彻
参考例句：
Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。

22 decided
adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的
参考例句：
This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。 There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

23 schooling
n.教育；正规学校教育
参考例句：
A child's access to schooling varies greatly from area to area.孩子获得学校教育的机会因地区不同而大相径庭。 Backward children need a special kind of schooling.天赋差的孩子需要特殊的教育。

24 disseminate
v.散布；传播
参考例句：
We should disseminate science and promote the scientific spirit.普及科学知识，弘扬科学精神。 We sincerely welcome all countries to disseminate their languages in China.我们真诚地欢迎世界各国来华推广本国语言。

25 technological
adj.技术的；工艺的
参考例句：
A successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。 Today,the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements.当今，随着科技进步，生活节奏不断增快。

26 indicators
（仪器上显示温度、压力、耗油量等的）指针( indicator的名词复数 )；指示物；（车辆上的）转弯指示灯；指示信号
参考例句：
The economic indicators are better than expected. 经济指标比预期的好。 It is still difficult to develop indicators for many concepts used in social science. 为社会科学领域的许多概念确立一个指标仍然很难。

27 appraisal
n.对…作出的评价；评价，鉴定，评估
参考例句：
What's your appraisal of the situation?你对局势是如何评估的？ We need to make a proper appraisal of his work.对于他的工作我们需要做出适当的评价。

28 drawn
v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的
参考例句：
All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。 Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

29 gratis
adj.免费的
参考例句：
David gives the first consultation gratis.戴维免费提供初次咨询。 The service was gratis to graduates.这项服务对毕业生是免费的。

30 lawful
adj.法律许可的，守法的，合法的
参考例句：
It is not lawful to park in front of a hydrant.在消火栓前停车是不合法的。 We don't recognised him to be the lawful heir.我们不承认他为合法继承人。

31 earnings
n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得
参考例句：
That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。 Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。

32 allocated
adj. 分配的动词allocate的过去式和过去分词
参考例句：
The Ford Foundation allocated millions of dollars for cancer research. 福特基金会拨款数百万美元用于癌症研究。 More funds will now be allocated to charitable organizations. 现在会拨更多的资金给慈善组织。

33 input
n.输入(物)；投入；vt.把(数据等)输入计算机
参考例句：
I will forever be grateful for his considerable input.我将永远感激他的大量投入。 All this information had to be input onto the computer.所有这些信息都必须输入计算机。

34 fixed
adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的
参考例句：
Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？ Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

35 intercept
vt.拦截，截住，截击
参考例句：
His letter was intercepted by the Secret Service.他的信被特工处截获了。 Gunmen intercepted him on his way to the airport.持枪歹徒在他去机场的路上截击了他。

36 subsidies
n.补贴，津贴，补助金( subsidy的名词复数 )
参考例句：
European agriculture ministers failed to break the deadlock over farm subsidies. 欧洲各国农业部长在农业补贴问题上未能打破僵局。 Agricultural subsidies absorb about half the EU's income. 农业补贴占去了欧盟收入的大约一半。来自《简明英汉词典》

37 taxation
n.征税，税收，税金
参考例句：
He made a number of simplifications in the taxation system.他在税制上作了一些简化。 The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。

38 demonstrations
证明( demonstration的名词复数 )；表明；表达；游行示威
参考例句：
Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。 The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

39 encroachment
n.侵入，蚕食
参考例句：
I resent the encroachment on my time.我讨厌别人侵占我的时间。 The eagle broke away and defiantly continued its encroachment.此时雕挣脱开对方，继续强行入侵。

40 autonomous
adj.自治的；独立的
参考例句：
They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。 This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。

41 promulgation
n.颁布
参考例句：
The new law comes into force from the day of its promulgation. 新法律自公布之日起生效。来自《简明英汉词典》 Article 118 These Regulations shall come into effect from the day of their promulgation. 第一百一十八条本条例自公布之日起实施。来自经济法规部分

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