中华人民共和国预备役军官法（二）_法律英语

中华人民共和国预备役军官法（二）

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2007-05-11 03:21 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

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Article 25 The rank promotion¹ of reserve officers shall be conducted as prescribed below：

　　（l） Where an officer has been approved to be released from active service and transferred to reserve service， if the prescribed interval² for rank promotion has expired and the specified³ requirement have been satisfied， his reserve rank may be one grade higher than his rank when he was in active service；

　　（2） Where a reserve officer has been appointed to a higher post grade and his rank is lower than the lowest rank by virtue⁴ of his new post grade， he shall be promoted ahead of time to the lowest rank by virtue of his new post grade；

　　（3） Where reserve officers from reserve Second Lieutenant⁵ to reserve Colonel meet the specified requirements and the prescribed intervals⁶ for rank promotion， their reserve ranks may be promoted grade by grade by virtue of their post grades.

　　（4） Where reserve Senior Colonels are promoted to reserve Major Generals， selective promotion shall be practised.

　　（5） Where reserve officers have made outstanding contributions during their performance of military service， their reserve ranks may be promoted ahead of schedule.

　　The requirements， intervals and procedures for promotion of reserve ranks shall be prescribed by the Central Military Commission.

　　Article 26 The rank promotion of reserve officers shall be approved in accordance with the limits of authority prescribed below：

　　（l） The promotion from reserve Senior Colonel to reserve Major General or from reserve Colonel to reserve Senior Colonel shall be approved by the Chairman of the Central Military Commission；

　　（2） The promotion from reserve Lieutenant Colonel to reserve Colonel shall be approved by the heads of units at the level of major military command；

　　（3） The promotion from reserve Major to reserve Lieutenant Colonel or from reserve Captain to reserve Major shall be approved by the heads of units at the corps⁷ level that have the power to appoint and remove officers.

　　（4） The promotion from reserve Lieutenant to reserve Captain or from reserve Second Lieutenant to reserve Lieutenant shall be approved by the heads of units at the divisional level that have the power to appoint and remove officers.

　　Article 27 Any reserve officer who has violated military discipline may be punished by demotion in rank in accordance with the relevant regulations of the Central Military Commission. The limits of authority for approving the demotion in rank for reserve officers shall be the same as those for approving the conferment of the rank.

　　The demotion in rank for reserve officers shall not be applicable to reserve officers with the rank of reserve Second Lieutenant.

　　Article 28 Where a person has been deprived of his status as a reserve officer， his reserve rank shall be annulled⁸. The limits of authority for approving the annulment⁹ of a reserve rank shall be the same as those for approving the conferment of the rank.

　　Article 29 Where a reserve officer has committed a crime and has been deprived of his political rights or sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment¹⁰ of three years or more in accordance with law， he shall be deprived of his reserve rank. The limits of authority for approving the deprivation¹¹ of a reserve rank shall be the same as those for approving the conferment of the rank.

　　Article 30 Where a reserve officer has been retired¹² from reserve service， his rank shall be preserved and prefixed with “retired”。

　　Article 3l Patterns of epaulets and insignias for reserve ranks and the ways of wearing them shall be promulgated¹³ by the Central Military Commission.

　　Chapter V Registration¹⁴ and Call-up of Reserve Officers

　　Article 32 The registration of reserve officers shall be conducted by the people's armed forces departments at the county level.

　　Persons who have been released from active service and assigned to be transferred to the reserve of officers shall be registered as reserve officers at the time when they check in at the local departments in charge of their resettlement affairs； other persons shall be registered as reserve officers at the same time when they have been assigned to serve in the reserve of officers.

　　Persons who work in State organs， public organizations， enterprises or institutions and have been assigned to serve in the reserve of officers shall register as reserve officers with the people's armed forces departments at the county level in the regions where their work units are located， other persons who have been assigned to serve in the reserve of officers shall register as reserve officers with the people's armed forces departments at the county level in the regions where they made household registration.

　　Article 33 Reserve officers who need to change the places of their registration as reserve officers due to the transfer of their work or the change of their residence shall go through the procedures of transferring their registration of reserve service out from the original places， and shall， within 30 days from their arrival at the new work units or the new residence， go through the procedures of transferring their registration in at the people's armed forces departments at the county level in the regions where they work or reside.

　　Article 34 Where reserve officers fall into one of the following circumstances， their registration as reserve officers shall be cancelled by the people's armed forces departments at the county level：

　　（l） having been retired from reserve service；

　　（2） having settled down abroad；

　　（3） having been dead； or

　　（4） having been deprived of the status as a reserve officer.

　　Article 35 The people's armed forces departments at the county level shall make annual checks on the registered reserve officers in their respective administrative¹⁵ regions in accordance with the relevant regulations， and the statistics so obtained shall be reported to higher authorities level by level.

　　Article 36 Reserve officers shall report for duty at the designated places within the prescribed time after they have received the notice for call- up； in case anyone is unable for the time being to respond to the call because of injury， sickness or other reasons， his call-up may be postponed¹⁶， provided the case has been verified by the people's armed forces department at the county level and approved by the organ of military service at the next higher level.

　　Chapter VI Training of Reserve Officers

　　Article 37 Where persons who have never served in active service nor received military professional training have been selected to be reserve officers， they shall take such training before their post grades for reserve officers are determined¹⁷.

　　Article 38 Reserve officers shall receive military training and political education during their term of reserve service in compliance¹⁸ with the provisions of the Military Service Law and the present Law.

　　Article 39 The State Council and the Central Military Commission may， when necessary， decide that emergency training shall be conducted with respect to reserve officers. Reserve officers must receive such emergency training as prescribed.

　　Article 40 Programs for military training and plans for political education for reserve officers shall be formulated¹⁹ by the General Staff the General Political Department and the General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army.

　　Article 4l The training of reserve officers who hold posts in reserve components²⁰ or are pre-listed as officers for active components shall be organized and conducted by the units in which they serve； the training of other reserve officers shall be organized and conducted by the organs of military service. The work units of reserve officers and the departments concerned of the local people's governments shall provide assistance in this connection.

　　Chapter VII Benefits and Treatment for Reserve Officers

　　Article 42 The actual achievements made by reserve officers in their performance of military duties shall be taken as one of the criteria²¹ by their work units in the promotion of their posts or the increase in their wages.

　　Reserve officers who have been awarded citations²² for merit or conferred honourable²³ titles shall enjoy the same rewards and preferential treatment as granted by the State or local authorities to persons who have been awarded such citations for merit or conferred such honourable titles.

　　Article 43 Reserve officers shall be dressed as required when they participate in military training or carry out military duties. On the occasion of taking part in important celebration activities such as on the National Day and the Army Day. they may wear reserve officers uniforms with epaulets and insignias indicating their reserve ranks.

　　Article 44 During the period when reserve officers working in State organs， public organizations， enterprises or institutions are participating in military training or carrying out military duties， their wages and bonuses shall be paid in full by their work units， and the benefits and treatment they are entitled to shall not be affected²⁴.

　　Reserve officers other than those referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be given subsidies²⁵ for their loss of working time during the period when they are participating in military training or carrying out military duties.

　　Specific measures and standards therefor shall be stipulated²⁶ by the people's governments of the provinces， autonomous²⁷ regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government.

　　When reserve officers participate in military training or carry out military duties. food allowances shall be provided and their to-and-fro traveling expenses reimbursed²⁸ in accordance with the regulations of the State.

　　Article 45 Reserve officers who participate in military training and accomplish training tasks as required shall be given appropriate subsidies on the basis of their post grades. Standards of subsidies shall be formulated by the Ministry²⁹ of Finance jointly³⁰ with the General Staff， the General Political Department and the General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army， and the funds thus needed shall be guaranteed by the Central Government.

　　Article 46 Where reserve officers have died or become disabled in the course of their performance of military activities such as military training and military duties， the relevant affairs shall be handled with reference to the regulations of the State in respect of pensions and preferential treatment granted to the families of the deceased servicemen or to the disabled servicemen.

　　Chapter Ⅷ Retirement³¹ of Reserve Officers

　　Article 47 Reserve officers shall be retired from reserve service when they have attained³² the maximum age for reserve service in peacetime.

　　Article 48 The maximum age for reserve service of operational， political and logistics reserve officers in peacetime shall be：

　　55 for reserve officers at the divisional level；

　　55 for reserve officers at the regimental level；

　　50 for reserve officers at the battalion³³ level，

　　45 for reserve officers at the company level； and

　　40 for reserve officers at the platoon level.

　　The maximum age for reserve service in peacetime may be appropriately extended for a small number of reserve officers， provided this is necessitated³⁴ by work and duly approved however， the maximum age shall not be extended for more than 5 years.

　　Article 49 The maximum age for reserve service of specialized³⁵ technical officers in peacetime shall be：

　　60 for specialized technical reserve officers at the senior level；

　　55 for specialized technical reserve officers at the intermediate level； and

　　50 for specialized technical reserve officers at the junior level.

　　Article 50 Reserve officers who brave not reached the maximum age for reserve service in peacetime shall be retired from reserve service when they are unable to continue to perform reserve service due to their injuries， sickness， disability or other reasons.

　　Article 51 The limits of authority for approving the retirement of reserve officers from reserve service shall be the same as those prescribed in paragraph 3 of Article l5 of the present Law.

　　Chapter IX Legal Liability

　　Article 52 Any reserve officer who has violated discipline during the period when he is participating in military training or carrying out military duties shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with the relevant regulations of the Central Military Commission； those whose act has constituted a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

　　Article 53 Any reserve officer who has refused or evaded³⁶ the registration or military training and refused to correct their mistakes after persuasion³⁷ shall be compelled to perform his obligations of military service by the local people's government.

　　In wartime， any reserve officer who has refused or evaded the call-up or military training shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law if the circumstances are serious.

　　Article 54 Whoever， in his work of the administration of reserve officers， takes bribes³⁸， engages in malpractices for selfish ends or causes serious losses to work of reserve service because of his dereliction of duty shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law if the case constitutes a crime， or shall be given administrative sanctions if the case does not constitute a crime.

　　Whoever obstructs³⁹ reserve officers from participating in military training， carrying out military duties or performing other obligations of military service shall be ordered by the local people's government to make rectification⁴⁰， where no rectification is made， administrative sanctions shall be given according to law to the persons who are directly responsible for the case.

　　Chapter X Supplementary⁴¹ Provisions

　　Article 55 The present Law shall apply to the persons released from active service in the Chinese People's Armed Police Force and assigned to reserve service as reserve officers of the People's Liberation Army.

　　Article 56 The present Law shall come into force as of January l， 1996.

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收听单词发音

1 promotion
n.提升，晋级；促销，宣传
参考例句：
The teacher conferred with the principal about Dick's promotion.教师与校长商谈了迪克的升级问题。 The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary.那个职员升了级，加了薪。

2 interval
n.间隔，间距；幕间休息，中场休息
参考例句：
The interval between the two trees measures 40 feet.这两棵树的间隔是40英尺。 There was a long interval before he anwsered the telephone.隔了好久他才回了电话。

3 specified
adj.特定的
参考例句：
The architect specified oak for the wood trim. 那位建筑师指定用橡木做木饰条。 It is generated by some specified means. 这是由某些未加说明的方法产生的。

4 virtue
n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力
参考例句：
He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。 You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。

5 lieutenant
n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员
参考例句：
He was promoted to be a lieutenant in the army.他被提升为陆军中尉。 He prevailed on the lieutenant to send in a short note.他说动那个副官，递上了一张简短的便条进去。

6 intervals
n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息
参考例句：
The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. 预报间晴，有阵雨。 Meetings take place at fortnightly intervals. 每两周开一次会。

7 corps
n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组
参考例句：
The medical corps were cited for bravery in combat.医疗队由于在战场上的英勇表现而受嘉奖。 When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

8 annulled
v.宣告无效( annul的过去式和过去分词 )；取消；使消失；抹去
参考例句：
Their marriage was annulled after just six months. 他们的婚姻仅过半年就宣告取消。 Many laws made by the former regime have been annulled. 前政权制定的许多法律被宣布无效。来自《简明英汉词典》

9 annulment
n.废除，取消，（法院对婚姻等）判决无效
参考例句：
The annulment caused a profound impression in Japan. 同盟的废止，在日本发生了强烈的反响。来自辞典例句 Law An annulment acquittal; dismissal, of a court order. 取消，宣告无罪；法院命令的撤销。来自互联网

10 imprisonment
n.关押，监禁，坐牢
参考例句：
His sentence was commuted from death to life imprisonment.他的判决由死刑减为无期徒刑。 He was sentenced to one year's imprisonment for committing bigamy.他因为犯重婚罪被判入狱一年。

11 deprivation
n.匮乏；丧失；夺去，贫困
参考例句：
Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous.多实验都证实了睡眠被剥夺是危险的。 Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.错过假日是极大的损失。

12 retired
adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的
参考例句：
The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。 Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。

13 promulgated
v.宣扬（某事物）( promulgate的过去式和过去分词 )；传播；公布；颁布（法令、新法律等）
参考例句：
Hence China has promulgated more than 30 relevant laws, statutes and regulations. 中国为此颁布的法律、法规和规章多达３０余项。来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书 The shipping industry promulgated a voluntary code. 航运业对自律守则进行了宣传。来自辞典例句

14 registration
n.登记，注册，挂号
参考例句：
Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。 What's your registration number?你挂的是几号？

15 administrative
adj.行政的，管理的
参考例句：
The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。 He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

16 postponed
vt.& vi.延期，缓办，（使）延迟vt.把…放在次要地位；[语]把…放在后面（或句尾）vi.（疟疾等）延缓发作（或复发）
参考例句：
The trial was postponed indefinitely. 审讯无限期延迟。 The game has already been postponed three times. 这场比赛已经三度延期了。

17 determined
adj.坚定的；有决心的
参考例句：
I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。 He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

18 compliance
n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从
参考例句：
I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我对他竟然依从了这些条件而感到吃惊。 She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她顺从他的愿望而放弃自己的主意。

19 formulated
v.构想出( formulate的过去式和过去分词 )；规划；确切地阐述；用公式表示
参考例句：
He claims that the writer never consciously formulated his own theoretical position. 他声称该作家从未有意识地阐明他自己的理论见解。来自《简明英汉词典》 This idea can be formulated in two different ways. 这个意思可以有两种说法。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

20 components
（机器、设备等的）构成要素，零件，成分；成分( component的名词复数 )； [物理化学]组分； [数学]分量；（混合物的）组成部分
参考例句：
the components of a machine 机器部件 Our chemistry teacher often reduces a compound to its components in lab. 在实验室中化学老师常把化合物分解为各种成分。

21 criteria
n.标准
参考例句：
The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。 There are strict criteria for inclusion in the competition.参赛的标准很严格。

22 citations
n.引用( citation的名词复数 )；引证；引文；表扬
参考例句：
The apt citations and poetic gems have adorned his speeches. 贴切的引语和珠玑般的诗句为他的演说词增添文采。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》 Some dictionary writers use citations to show what words mean. 有些辞典的编纂者用引文作例证以解释词义。来自辞典例句

23 honourable
adj.可敬的；荣誉的，光荣的
参考例句：
I don't think I am worthy of such an honourable title.这样的光荣称号，我可担当不起。 I hope to find an honourable way of settling difficulties.我希望设法找到一个体面的办法以摆脱困境。

24 affected
adj.不自然的，假装的
参考例句：
She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。 His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

25 subsidies
n.补贴，津贴，补助金( subsidy的名词复数 )
参考例句：
European agriculture ministers failed to break the deadlock over farm subsidies. 欧洲各国农业部长在农业补贴问题上未能打破僵局。 Agricultural subsidies absorb about half the EU's income. 农业补贴占去了欧盟收入的大约一半。来自《简明英汉词典》

26 stipulated
vt.& vi.规定；约定adj.[法]合同规定的
参考例句：
A delivery date is stipulated in the contract. 合同中规定了交货日期。 Yes, I think that's what we stipulated. 对呀，我想那是我们所订定的。来自辞典例句

27 autonomous
adj.自治的；独立的
参考例句：
They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。 This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。

28 reimbursed
v.偿还，付还( reimburse的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
Any out-of-pocket expenses incurred on the firm's business will be reimbursed. 由公司业务产生的开销都可以报销。来自《简明英汉词典》 Employees are reimbursed for any legal fees incurred when they relocate. 员工调往异地工作时，他们可以报销由此产生的所有法律服务费用。来自《简明英汉词典》

29 ministry
n.(政府的)部；牧师
参考例句：
They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。 We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

30 jointly
ad.联合地，共同地
参考例句：
Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。 She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。

31 retirement
n.退休，退职
参考例句：
She wanted to enjoy her retirement without being beset by financial worries.她想享受退休生活而不必为金钱担忧。 I have to put everything away for my retirement.我必须把一切都积蓄起来以便退休后用。

32 attained
（通常经过努力）实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 )；达到；获得；达到（某年龄、水平、状况）
参考例句：
She has attained the degree of Master of Arts. 她已获得文学硕士学位。 Lu Hsun attained a high position in the republic of letters. 鲁迅在文坛上获得崇高的地位。

33 battalion
n.营；部队；大队(的人)
参考例句：
The town was garrisoned by a battalion.该镇由一营士兵驻守。 At the end of the drill parade,the battalion fell out.操练之后，队伍解散了。

34 necessitated
使…成为必要，需要( necessitate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
Recent financial scandals have necessitated changes in parliamentary procedures. 最近的金融丑闻使得议会程序必须改革。 No man is necessitated to do wrong. 没有人是被迫去作错事的。

35 specialized
adj.专门的，专业化的
参考例句：
There are many specialized agencies in the United Nations.联合国有许多专门机构。 These tools are very specialized.这些是专用工具。

36 evaded
逃避( evade的过去式和过去分词 )；避开；回避；想不出
参考例句：
For two weeks they evaded the press. 他们有两周一直避而不见记者。 The lion evaded the hunter. 那狮子躲开了猎人。

37 persuasion
n.劝说；说服；持有某种信仰的宗派
参考例句：
He decided to leave only after much persuasion.经过多方劝说，他才决定离开。 After a lot of persuasion,she agreed to go.经过多次劝说后，她同意去了。

38 bribes
n.贿赂( bribe的名词复数 )；向（某人）行贿，贿赂v.贿赂( bribe的第三人称单数 )；向（某人）行贿，贿赂
参考例句：
It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。 corrupt officials accepting bribes 接受贿赂的贪官污吏

39 obstructs
阻塞( obstruct的第三人称单数 )；堵塞；阻碍；阻止
参考例句：
The cirrhotic process obstructs the intrahepatic portion of the portal venous system. 肝硬化使门脉系统的肝内部分受阻。 A device or means that obstructs, blocks, or plugs up. 堵塞的方法：阻碍，阻挠或堵塞的工具或途径。

40 rectification
n. 改正, 改订, 矫正
参考例句：
The process of producing a shift of the average value is called rectification. 产生平均值移动的过程叫做整流。 This effect, in analogy to its radiofrequency counterpart, is known as optical rectification. 同它的射频对应物相仿，这种现象称为光学整流。

41 supplementary
adj.补充的，附加的
参考例句：
There is a supplementary water supply in case the rain supply fails.万一主水源断了，我们另外有供水的地方。 A supplementary volume has been published containing the index.附有索引的增补卷已经出版。