国办发（1996）31号
（July 19， 1996）
颁布日期：19960719 　实施日期：19960719 　颁布单位：国务院办公厅

　　The State Council has agreed to the Suggestions of the State Planning Commission and the State Science and Technology Commission on further Promoting the Implementation² of the China Agenda for the 21st Century， and hereby transmits it to you for your conscientious³ implementation in the light of local and departmental situations.

　　APPENDIX： SUGGESTIONS ON FURTHER PROMOTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CHINA AGENDA FOR THE 21ST CENTURY

　　With a view to conscientiously⁴ implementing⁵ the gist⁶ of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Party and the Fourth Session of the Eighth National People's Congress， carrying out the prescriptions⁷ of the Circular of the State Council on the Implementation of the China Agenda for the 21st Century， the White Book of China on Population， Environment and Development in the 21st Century， and further promoting the execution of the China Agenda for the 21st Century， the following suggestions are hereby put forward：

　　1、to make the sustainable development an important strategy in the construction of modernization⁸

　　（1） Sustainable development means that consideration should be given to the needs for both present and future development and development in the interest of the present generation should not be achieved at the expense of future generation's interests. Sustainable development also means coordinated⁹ development of population， economy， society， resources and environment， that is to say， while the goal of economic development is pursued， natural resources and environment on which the human beings rely for existence should be protected so that our future generations could enjoy the development forever， live in harmony and work contentedly¹⁰.

　　（2） The approach of sustainable development is a inevitable¹¹ choice for our country's construction of modernization. Our country has a large population. Per capita resources are of a small quantity. Economy and technology are at relatively¹² low level. With the growth of population and the development of economy， many places suffer from serious environmental pollution and worsening of ecological¹³ environment. Therefore， great value should be attached to population control， resources saving and environmental protection. The growth of population should conform with the development of social productivity. In this way economic construction and social progress could be coordinated with population， resources and environment， and a virtuous¹⁴ cycle could be realized.

　　（3） The China Agenda for the 21st Century has laid down， in the light of our country's circumstances， general strategies， policies and executive programmes for sustainable development， and is an instructive document for smooth development of our economy and society into the 21st century. The strategy of sustainable development is of significant value for economic， social development and even for the whole modernization construction over the next 15 years.

　　2. to realize the China agenda for the 21st Century so as to promote the basic transformations¹⁶ of economic system and economic growth form

　　（1） Both the Fifth Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Party and the Fourth Session of the Eighth National People's Congress emphasized the point that the future work on economy shall ensure for two basic transformations of economic system and economic growth form that are of overall significance. Under the socialist¹⁷ market economy system， giving full play to the basic role of the market in resources distribution will help raise the efficiency of resources exploitation and reduce material consumption and is therefore beneficial to environmental and resources protection. On the other hand， the spontaneity and blindness of the market will to some extent hamper¹⁸ the coordinated development of economy， resources and environment. In the course of the implementation of the China Agenda for the 21st century， full play should be given to the basic role of the market in resources distribution while macro-control shall also be strengthened so as to promote the basic transformation¹⁵ of economic system and economic growth form.

　　（2） The implementation of the China Agenda for the 21st Century shall be combined with carrying out the gist of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Party and the Fourth Session of the Eighth National People's Congress. Establishment of such an enterprise operational system should be promoted that helps save resources， reduce consumption， increase efficiency and improve environment， as well as establishment of a technological¹⁹ advance mechanism²⁰ that conduces to self reliance， and an economic operational mechanism that encourages fair competition on market and optimum distribution of resources. By this way the economy and society of our country could be advanced to the pattern of sustainable development.

　　（3） The China Agenda for the 21st Century emphasizes the positive role of technological advance in the fields of population， economy， society， resources and environment. Each locality and each department should attach great importance to the work of technological advance and adopt vigorous measures to promote transformation of scientific and technological achievements and development of technology in respect of clean production， clean sources of energy and effective utilization²¹ of energy resources as well as technology of rational resources exploitation， comprehensive resources utilization and environmental protection. Much effort should be made to do soft science research on key construction projects， regions and industries in order to lend scientific and technological support to people's governments at different levels in economic and social administration.

　　（4） The principle of practising economy at the same time of exploiting resources should be followed in economic and social development. Saving of land， water， energy， raw materials and food must be required in production， construction， circulation， consumption and other activities. Occupation and consumption of resources should be reduced by every possible means and efficiency of use of resources， energy and raw materials be raised by a big margin²²， and pollution arising from production be reduced and eliminated. Each locality and each department shall， in accordance with the requirements for sustainable development and within the framework of the Ninth-Five-Year Plan on National Economy and Social Development and Outlines of Long-Term Objectives in Perspective of the Year 2010， formulate²³ detailed²⁴ programmes and measures for economizing²⁵ on resources by stages and implement¹ them seriously in their routine duties.

　　（5） People's governments at different levels shall regard the implementation of the sustainable development strategy as a major means to transform agricultural growth form. By combining this task with the construction of agricultural， forestry²⁶ and hydraulic²⁷ infrastructure²⁸ and the popularization of “high yield， quality and efficiency” engineering and ecological agriculture， they could adjust the agricultural structure， optimize²⁹ the combination of productive elements， step out the application of scientific and technological achievements for agricultural development， protect agricultural ecological environment， promote the sustainable utilization of agricultural resources and advance comprehensive agricultural productive forces for the purpose of lead agriculture to a sustainable development path.

　　（6） People's governments at different levels should conscientiously observe laws and regulations on resources management and environmental protection， reinforce enforcement of law， take different and effective measures to strictly³⁰ control occupation of arable³¹ land by construction， prevent from desertization of land and deterioration³² of grassland³³， strenuously³⁴ enlarge coverage³⁵ of forest vegetation， rationally utilize³⁶ and protect water and marine³⁷ resources， and gradually improve ecological environment. Control over environmental pollution in cities and towns shall be strengthened， especially in seriously polluted cities or districts which should be the focal points of work， with a view to ensuring the realization³⁸ of objectives on environmental protection as laid down in the Ninth-Five-Year Plan on National Economy and Social Development and Outlines of Long-Term Objectives in Perspective of the Year 2010.

　　3. to introduce the basic gist and contents of the China Agenda for the 21st Century into all regional and departmental plans for national economy and social development

　　（1） All localities and departments should， in accordance with the requirements of the State Council， include the basic gist and contents of the China Agenda for the 21st Century in their respective regional or departmental plan for national economy and social development， and， in the light of their own characteristics and major issues they are faced with， make detailed action programmes for sustainable development.

　　（2） The China Agenda for the 21st Century should be carried out by stages through national economy and social development planning. People's governments at different levels and relevant departments of the State Council should vigorously create conditions and render priority to major projects for fixed³⁹ assets investment that are conducive⁴⁰ to the realization of sustainable development strategy. Examination and approval of fixed assets investment shall be conducted in terms of requirements of sustainable development strategy. Those that do not meet the requirements should be modified and improved， and may not be granted approval otherwise.

　　（3） People's governments at different levels and relevant departments of the State Council should take into full consideration the requirements of sustainable development proposed in the China Agenda for the 21st Century when making decisions concerning social development and economic growth， and make assessment⁴¹ on economic and social development policies and plans in terms of strategic ideas of sustainable development so as to avoid gross mistakes.

　　（4） All localities should construct cities and towns under the guidance of sustainable development strategy. They should properly continue their trials and go on to do more comprehensive experiments with sustainable development strategy， on selected administrative⁴² districts of a new group of small-， medium- and large-sized towns and cities， which boast relative economic strength and have typical and representative value as models so that a city development pattern with Chinese characteristics could be found out. During the course of trials， special attention should be paid to sustainable development of impoverished⁴³ regions.

　　（5） All localities and departments should strengthen leadership over the implementation of the China Agenda for the 21st Century， specify⁴⁴ administrative organs held responsible for the work within their jurisdiction⁴⁵ and improve the comprehensive coordination⁴⁶ competence⁴⁷. They should arrange necessary funds for the implementation of the China Agenda for the 21st Century and provide necessary working conditions.

　　4. to inspire the sustainable development ideology⁴⁸ in all the people and to establish and perfect corresponding mechanisms⁴⁹

　　（1） Education on sustainable development strategy should be strengthened. Educational departments at different levels should introduce the strategic ideology of sustainable development into the whole education process from primary to higher learning. Primary and high schools should have such contents as population control， sustainable application of resources and environmental protection included in relevant courses and after-class readings. The subject of sustainable development should be listed in the curriculum of higher education and adult education.

　　（2） Publicity⁵⁰ and dissemination⁵¹ of sustainable development science and technology should be strengthened. The State Planning Commission and the State Science and Technology Commission should as soon as possible compile popular readings on the China Agenda for the 21st Century. People's governments at different levels should make plans for dissemination， make full use of local mass media such as television， film， broadcasting， newspapers， journals and books to vigorously spread the strategic ideology of sustainable development. They should also organize， in conjunction with the Five-Ones-Project for socialist spiritual civilization construction， the creation of a group of excellent works to demonstrate the strategic ideology of sustainable development. Different academic departments and research societies should mobilize experts and academicians to participate in popularization of the sustainable development strategy.

　　（3） Management cadres， particularly leading cadres at different levels should be trained with sustainable development theories. Different regions and departments should， through cadre training schools， workshops and lectures etc.， inspire the China Agenda for the 21st Century into cadres at different levels so that they could improve knowledge and understanding of sustainable development strategy.

　　（4） Relevant statutes⁵² and policies regarding sustainable development strategy should be considered， formulated⁵³ and revised. Research on theories of sustainable development should be conducted and an information system of international connection should be gradually developed. Where conditions permit， localities or departments may， in the light of their practical circumstances， design a sustainable development index and try its application within the localities or departments. In the course of the implementation of the China Agenda for the 21st Century， different regions and department should strengthen information communication and exchange of experiences.

　　（5） Relevant mechanisms should be established so as to guarantee the smooth execution of the China Agenda for the 21st Century. A series of management procedures should be studied， formulated， improved and perfected， including procedures through which the strategic ideas of sustainable development could be absorbed by decision-making processes， and procedures regarding the assessment of economic and social development policies and projects in terms of sustainable development requirements. By this way relevant contents of the China Agenda for the 21st Century could be smoothly⁵⁴ executed. Where conditions permit， reports on national economy and social development should also include a special topic on the assessment of implementation of the China Agenda for the 21st Century. Planning administrative organs of different departments and local people's governments shall be held in charge of overall assessment of sustainable development.

　　5. to strengthen international cooperation to facilitate the execution of the China Agenda for the 21st Century

　　（1） Sustainable development is an inevitable requirement for development of human society， and has become a major common concern of international community. With sustainable development being now a hot field for international cooperation， different localities and departments should take full advantage of the opportunity and， through wide propaganda， broaden international cooperation channels so as to pursue international aid and support， extensively attract foreign investment， and facilitate the implementation of the China Agenda for the 21st Century.

　　（2） Attempts for international cooperation should reflect the point that our country highly values the strategy of sustainable development. Relevant model projects and construction projects intended to improve our country's competence for sustainable development should be included in different national plans for international cooperation.

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