中华人民共和国老年人权益保障法
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2007-05-19 03:01 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
 

(Adopted at the 21st Meeting of the Standing1 Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on August 29, 1996 and promulgated2 by Order No. 73 of the President of the People's Republic of China on August 29, 1996)
颁布日期:19960829  实施日期:19961001  颁布单位:全国人大常委会

  Contents

  Chapter I General Provisions

  Chapter II Maintenance and Support by the Family

  Chapter III Safeguarding by the Society

  Chapter IV Participation3 in Social Development

  Chapter V Legal Liability

  Chapter VI Supplementary4 Provisions

  Chapter I General Provisions

  Article 1 This Law is enacted5 in accordance with the Constitution for the purpose of protecting the lawful6 rights and interests of the aged7, developing the undertakings8 for them and carrying forward the virtue9 of the Chinese nation with respect to respecting and supporting the aged.

  Article 2 The aged mentioned in this Law refer to citizens over the age of sixty.

  Article 3 The state and society should take measures to perfect the social security system for the aged and gradually improve the conditions of ensuring their lives and health and their participation in social development in order to provide the aged with living support, medical services, working conditions, educational opportunities and recreational facilities.

  Article 4 The state protects the statutory rights and interests enjoyed by the aged.

  The aged have the right to material assistance from the state and society and to benefit from achievements in social development.

  Discrimination against, insult of, maltreatment of or desertion of the aged shall be prohibited.

  Article 5 People's governments at various levels should incorporate the undertakings for the aged into their plans for national economy and social development, gradually increase the financial input10 and encourage social investments in order to ensure that the undertakings for the aged develop in coordination11 with economic and social progress.

  The State Council and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous12 regions and municipalities directly under the central government shall take organizational measures to coordinate13 relevant departments in ensuring the protection of rights and interests of the aged. The specific organs shall be designated by the State Council and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government.

  Article 6 The protection of lawful rights and interests of the aged is a common responsibility of the whole society.

  State organs, public organizations, enterprises and institutions should, within the scope of their respective duties and responsibilities, ensure the protection of rights and interests of the aged.

  Residents committees, villagers committees and other organizations established for the aged according to law should serve the aged by conveying their demands and safeguarding their lawful rights and interests.

  Article 7 The whole society should widely launch a publicity14 campaign for respecting and supporting the aged in order to form a social mode of respecting, caring for and assisting the aged.

  Youth organizations, schools and kindergartens should educate youths and children in ethics15 of respecting and supporting the aged as well as in legal systems for safeguarding lawful rights and interests of the aged.

  Voluntary service for the aged shall be advocated.

  Article 8 People's governments at various levels shall give commendations and rewards to units, families and individuals that have made outstanding achievements in safeguarding lawful rights and interests of the aged and respecting and supporting the aged.

  Article 9 The aged should observe laws and disciplines and should perform statutory duties.

  Chapter II Maintenance and Support by the Family

  Article 10 Families are the chief support for the aged to live their lives. Family members should care for the aged.

  Article 11 A supporter should perform the duty to pay the aged person living expenses, look after him and comfort him mentally and should give consideration to his special requirements.

  A supporter refers to a child of the aged person or a person having the duty to support him according to law.

  The spouse16 of a supporter should assist him in performing the duty to support the aged person.

  Article 12 A supporter should provide medical expenses and nursing service for the aged person suffering from illness.

  Article 13 A supporter should provide proper accommodation for the aged person. He shall not force the aged person to remove to a poor house.

  Children and other relatives of an aged person shall not seize the house possessed17 or leased by the aged person and shall not change the ownership or the lease without authorization18.

  A supporter has the duty to maintain the house possessed by the aged person.

  Article 14 A supporter has the duty to cultivate farmland contracted for management by the aged person and take charge of his forest trees and livestock19. Proceeds derived20 therefrom shall belong to the aged person.

  Article 15 A supporter shall not refuse to perform his duty to support the aged person on the grounds of waiving21 the right to inheritance or for other reasons.

  If a supporter fails to perform his duty, the aged person has the right to demand support payments from the supporter.

  A supporter shall not require the aged person to do physical labour beyond his strength.

  Article 16 The aged and their spouses22 have the duty to maintain each other.

  Younger brothers or sisters who are brought up by their elder brothers or sisters, if they can afford it after coming of age, have the duty to maintain their elder brothers or sisters who are old and have no any supporter.

  Article 17 Supporters may, with the consent of the aged person, sign an agreement on performance of their duties to support the aged person. Residents committees, villagers committees or the organizations to which the supporters belong shall supervise over the performance of the agreement.

  Article 18 The freedom of marriage of the aged shall be protected by law. Children and other relatives shall not interfere23 with the divorce, remarriage and married lives of the aged.

  The duties of a supporter shall not terminate with the change of the marriage of the aged person.

  Article 19 The aged have the right to dispose of their own property according to law. Their children or other relatives shall neither interfere with the disposal of property nor extort24 money and gifts from them.

  The aged have the right to inherit property from their parents, spouses, children or other relatives according to law and have the right to accept donation.

  Chapter III Safeguarding by the Society

  Article 20 The state establishes an old-age insurance system to safeguard the basic living standard of the aged.

  Article 21 Pensions and other treatment enjoyed by the aged according to law shall be guaranteed. Organizations concerned must pay pensions in full on time and shall nether25 delay without justification26 and nor appropriate them for other purpose.

  The state increases pensions on the basis of economic development, living improvement of the people and wage rise of workers and staff members.

  Article 22 In addition to an old-age insurance system suitable for actual conditions in rural areas, bases for providing for the aged may, if possible, be established in part of mountains, forests, water surfaces, beaches and so on, which are owed by collectives and management of which are not yet contracted by individuals. Proceeds derived therefrom shall be provided for the aged.

  Article 23 For the aged in cities and towns who are unable to work and have no financial sources, if they have no supporter or their supporters have really no ability to support or maintain them, the local people's governments shall provide relief for them.

  For the aged in rural areas who are unable to work and have no financial sources, if they have no supporter or their supporters have really no ability to maintain or support them, the rural collective economic organizations shall guarantee them food, clothing, housing, medical care and burial expenses. People's governments of townships, nationality townships or towns shall be responsible for the implementation27 of the five guarantees.

  Article 24 Citizens or organizations are encouraged to sign support agreements or other assistance agreements with the aged.

  Article 25 The state establishes the medical insurance systems in various forms to ensure the aged the basic medical care.

  Departments concerned should give special consideration to the aged in formulating28 the procedures for medical insurance.

  Medical treatment enjoyed by the aged according to law shall be guaranteed.

  Article 26 If an aged person and his supporter are really unable to pay medical expenses for his illness, the local people's government may lend proper assistance according to the circumstances and may advocate social assistance.

  Article 27 Medical institutions should provide conveniences for the aged who seek medical treatment and should give priority to the aged who have reached the age of seventy. Hospital beds in families and mobile medical service may, if possible in some localities, be provided for aged patients.

  Free medical care for the aged is advocated.

  Article 28 The state takes measures to ensure geriatric research and train geriatricians in order to raise the prevention and cure level of senile illnesses as well as the scientific research level in this regard.

  Hygienic education shall be given in various forms in order to popularize knowledge of health care in old age and enhance the awareness29 of health protection by the aged.

  Article 29 An organization to which an aged person belongs should, in the light of the actual conditions and relevant standards, give special consideration to his requirements in assigning, changing and selling its houses.

  Article 30 The construction and reconstruction30 of public facilities, residential31 areas and houses should, according to special requirements of the aged, include the construction of supporting facilities suitable for lives and activities of the aged.

  Article 31 The aged have the right to continue education.

  The state develops education for the aged and encourages social forces to establish schools of various types for the aged.

  People's governments at various levels should step up leadership on education for the aged and should make unified32 planning.

  Article 32 The state and society take measures to launch mass activities in culture, sports and recreation in order to enrich spiritual and cultural lives of the aged.

  Article 33 The state encourages and helps social organizations and individuals to establish facilities such as welfare centres, home of respect, apartment houses, medical care centres and cultural and sports centres for the aged.

  Local people's governments at various levels should, in the light of economic development in their localities, gradually increase their appropriations33 for welfare undertakings for the aged and establish welfare facilities for them.

  Article 34 People's governments at various levels should guide enterprises in development, production and marketing34 of daily necessities for the aged in order to satisfy their requirements.

  Article 35 Community service shall be developed in order to establish gradually facilities and networks for living service, cultural and sports activities, nursing and recovery as required by the aged.

  By carrying forward the tradition of mutual35 aid, the neighbourhood is advocated to care for and help the aged with difficulties.

  Social volunteers are encouraged and supported to serve the aged.

  Article 36 Local people's governments at various levels may, in the light of their conditions, give preferential treatment and special consideration to the aged who travel as visitors or tourists or take public transport vehicles.

  Article 37 The aged in rural areas need not do obligatory36 labour and accumulative labour.

  Article 38 Broadcasting, films, televisions and periodicals should serve the aged by reflecting their lives and spreading propaganda on safeguarding their lawful rights and interests.

  Article 39 The aged who have real difficulties in paying litigation costs when bringing lawsuits38 for infringement40 of their lawful rights and interests may be allowed a deferment41, a reduction of the payment or its exemption42. The aged who are unable to pay lawyer's fees when lawyers are required may receive legal assistance.

  Chapter IV Participation in Social Development

  Article 40 The state and society should value knowledge and skills of the aged as well as their experience from revolution and construction, respect their virtues43 and give full play to their ability and role.

  Article 41 The state should create conditions for the aged to participate in socialist44 construction for material growth and cultural and ideological45 progress. In the light of social requirements and actual conditions, the aged are encouraged to engage in any of the following activities based on voluntariness and capability46.

  (1) educating youths and children in socialism, patriotism47 and collectivism as well as in traditional virtues such as hard struggle and plain living;

  (2) teaching knowledge of culture and science and technology;

  (3) providing consultancy service;

  (4) engaging in scientific and technological48 development and application according to law;

  (5) engaging in business operations and production according to law;

  (6) establishing public welfare institutions;

  (7) helping49 maintain public order and mediate50 civil disputes; and

  (8) engaging in other social activities.

  Article 42 Income earned lawfully51 through labour by the aged shall be protected by law.

  Chapter V Legal Liability

  Article 43 Where the lawful rights and interests of an aged person are infringed52 upon, the infringed or his agent has the right to appeal to the competent authorities for disposition53, or bring a lawsuit37 at a people's court according to law.

  The people's court and the competent authorities shall promptly54 dispose of a complaint, a charge or an exposure regarding an infringement upon the lawful rights and interests of an aged person according to law, and shall not evade55 or delay the disposition.

  Article 44 Departments or organizations failing to perform the duty to safeguard the lawful rights and interests of the aged shall be admonished56 and criticized, and be ordered to make corrections by the competent departments at higher levels.

  Where state functionaries57 neglect their duties, in violation58 of law, and infringe39 upon the lawful rights and interests of the aged, the units to which they belong or their higher authorities shall order them to make corrections or impose disciplinary sanctions upon them; if a crime has been constituted, criminal liability shall be investigated according law.

  Article 45 Where an aged person involves in disputes with his family member over the performance of duty to support him or over housing or property issues, he may appeal to the organization to which the family member belongs, or the residents committee or villagers committee for mediation59, or may directly bring a lawsuit at a people's court.

  When the disputes mentioned in the preceding paragraph are dealt with by mediation, the erring60 family member shall be admonished and criticized and ordered to make corrections.

  The people's court may order advance execution of cases involving the claims for support payments by an aged person.

  Article 46 Whoever, by violence or other means, publicly insults an aged person, or fabricates facts to defame him, or maltreats him, if the circumstances are relatively61 minor62, shall be punished in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Regulations on Administrative63 Penalties for Public Security, and, if a crime has been instituted, be investigated for criminal liability according to law.

  Article 47 Whoever forcibly interferes64 with the freedom of marriage of an aged person, or refuses to perform his duty of supporting an aged person, if the circumstances are serious and a crime has been instituted, shall be investigated for criminal liability according to law.

  Article 48 Where a family member steals, swindles, forcibly seizes, extorts65 or intentionally66 destroys property of an aged person, if the circumstances are relatively minor, he shall be punished in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Regulations on Administrative Penalties for Public Security, and if a crime has been instituted, be investigated For criminal liability according to law.

  Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

  Article 49 The people's congresses of national autonomous areas may formulate67 regulations with appropriate adaptations or supplements in accordance with the principles laid down in this Law and in light of the specific conditions of folkways and customs of the local nationalities.

  Article 50 This Law comes into force on August 1, 1996.



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 standing 2hCzgo     
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
参考例句:
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
2 promulgated a4e9ce715ee72e022795b8072a6e618f     
v.宣扬(某事物)( promulgate的过去式和过去分词 );传播;公布;颁布(法令、新法律等)
参考例句:
  • Hence China has promulgated more than 30 relevant laws, statutes and regulations. 中国为此颁布的法律、法规和规章多达30余项。 来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书
  • The shipping industry promulgated a voluntary code. 航运业对自律守则进行了宣传。 来自辞典例句
3 participation KS9zu     
n.参与,参加,分享
参考例句:
  • Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
  • The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。
4 supplementary 0r6ws     
adj.补充的,附加的
参考例句:
  • There is a supplementary water supply in case the rain supply fails.万一主水源断了,我们另外有供水的地方。
  • A supplementary volume has been published containing the index.附有索引的增补卷已经出版。
5 enacted b0a10ad8fca50ba4217bccb35bc0f2a1     
制定(法律),通过(法案)( enact的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • legislation enacted by parliament 由议会通过的法律
  • Outside in the little lobby another scene was begin enacted. 外面的小休息室里又是另一番景象。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
6 lawful ipKzCt     
adj.法律许可的,守法的,合法的
参考例句:
  • It is not lawful to park in front of a hydrant.在消火栓前停车是不合法的。
  • We don't recognised him to be the lawful heir.我们不承认他为合法继承人。
7 aged 6zWzdI     
adj.年老的,陈年的
参考例句:
  • He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了,也老点了。
  • He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老,然而记忆力还好。
8 undertakings e635513464ec002d92571ebd6bc9f67e     
企业( undertaking的名词复数 ); 保证; 殡仪业; 任务
参考例句:
  • The principle of diligence and frugality applies to all undertakings. 勤俭节约的原则适用于一切事业。
  • Such undertakings require the precise planning and foresight of military operations. 此举要求军事上战役中所需要的准确布置和预见。
9 virtue BpqyH     
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力
参考例句:
  • He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
  • You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。
10 input X6lxm     
n.输入(物);投入;vt.把(数据等)输入计算机
参考例句:
  • I will forever be grateful for his considerable input.我将永远感激他的大量投入。
  • All this information had to be input onto the computer.所有这些信息都必须输入计算机。
11 coordination Ho8zt     
n.协调,协作
参考例句:
  • Gymnastics is a sport that requires a considerable level of coordination.体操是一项需要高协调性的运动。
  • The perfect coordination of the dancers and singers added a rhythmic charm to the performance.舞蹈演员和歌手们配合得很好,使演出更具魅力。
12 autonomous DPyyv     
adj.自治的;独立的
参考例句:
  • They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
  • This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。
13 coordinate oohzt     
adj.同等的,协调的;n.同等者;vt.协作,协调
参考例句:
  • You must coordinate what you said with what you did.你必须使你的言行一致。
  • Maybe we can coordinate the relation of them.或许我们可以调和他们之间的关系。
14 publicity ASmxx     
n.众所周知,闻名;宣传,广告
参考例句:
  • The singer star's marriage got a lot of publicity.这位歌星的婚事引起了公众的关注。
  • He dismissed the event as just a publicity gimmick.他不理会这件事,只当它是一种宣传手法。
15 ethics Dt3zbI     
n.伦理学;伦理观,道德标准
参考例句:
  • The ethics of his profession don't permit him to do that.他的职业道德不允许他那样做。
  • Personal ethics and professional ethics sometimes conflict.个人道德和职业道德有时会相互抵触。
16 spouse Ah6yK     
n.配偶(指夫或妻)
参考例句:
  • Her spouse will come to see her on Sunday.她的丈夫星期天要来看她。
  • What is the best way to keep your spouse happy in the marriage?在婚姻中保持配偶幸福的最好方法是什么?
17 possessed xuyyQ     
adj.疯狂的;拥有的,占有的
参考例句:
  • He flew out of the room like a man possessed.他像着了魔似地猛然冲出房门。
  • He behaved like someone possessed.他行为举止像是魔怔了。
18 authorization wOxyV     
n.授权,委任状
参考例句:
  • Anglers are required to obtain prior authorization from the park keeper.垂钓者必须事先得到公园管理者的许可。
  • You cannot take a day off without authorization.未经批准你不得休假。
19 livestock c0Wx1     
n.家畜,牲畜
参考例句:
  • Both men and livestock are flourishing.人畜两旺。
  • The heavy rains and flooding killed scores of livestock.暴雨和大水淹死了许多牲口。
20 derived 6cddb7353e699051a384686b6b3ff1e2     
vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取
参考例句:
  • Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》
21 waiving cc5f6ad349016a559ff973536ac175a6     
v.宣布放弃( waive的现在分词 );搁置;推迟;放弃(权利、要求等)
参考例句:
  • Other steps suggested included waiving late payment charges, making quicker loan decisions and easing loan terms. 其他测试还包括免去滞纳金,尽快做出贷款决定和放宽贷款条件。 来自互联网
  • Stuyvesant Town offers the same perk on some apartments, along waiving the broker's fee. StuyvesantTown对于他们出租的某些房子也提供同样的好处,顺带还省略了中介费。 来自互联网
22 spouses 3fbe4097e124d44af1bc18e63e898b65     
n.配偶,夫或妻( spouse的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Jobs are available for spouses on campus and in the community. 校园里和社区里有配偶可做的工作。 来自辞典例句
  • An astonishing number of spouses-most particularly in the upper-income brackets-have no close notion of their husbands'paychecks. 相当大一部分妇女——特别在高收入阶层——并不很了解他们丈夫的薪金。 来自辞典例句
23 interfere b5lx0     
v.(in)干涉,干预;(with)妨碍,打扰
参考例句:
  • If we interfere, it may do more harm than good.如果我们干预的话,可能弊多利少。
  • When others interfere in the affair,it always makes troubles. 别人一卷入这一事件,棘手的事情就来了。
24 extort KP1zQ     
v.勒索,敲诈,强要
参考例句:
  • The blackmailer tried to extort a large sum of money from him.勒索者企图向他勒索一大笔钱。
  • They absolutely must not harm the people or extort money from them.严格禁止坑害勒索群众。
25 nether P1pyY     
adj.下部的,下面的;n.阴间;下层社会
参考例句:
  • This terracotta army well represents his ambition yet to be realized in the nether-world.这一批兵马俑很可能代表他死后也要去实现的雄心。
  • He was escorted back to the nether regions of Main Street.他被护送回中央大道南面的地方。
26 justification x32xQ     
n.正当的理由;辩解的理由
参考例句:
  • There's no justification for dividing the company into smaller units. 没有理由把公司划分成小单位。
  • In the young there is a justification for this feeling. 在年轻人中有这种感觉是有理由的。
27 implementation 2awxV     
n.实施,贯彻
参考例句:
  • Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。
28 formulating 40080ab94db46e5c26ccf0e5aa91868a     
v.构想出( formulate的现在分词 );规划;确切地阐述;用公式表示
参考例句:
  • At present, the Chinese government is formulating nationwide regulations on the control of such chemicals. 目前,中国政府正在制定全国性的易制毒化学品管理条例。 来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书
  • Because of this, the U.S. has taken further steps in formulating the \"Magellan\" programme. 为此,美国又进一步制定了“麦哲伦”计划。 来自百科语句
29 awareness 4yWzdW     
n.意识,觉悟,懂事,明智
参考例句:
  • There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
  • Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。
30 reconstruction 3U6xb     
n.重建,再现,复原
参考例句:
  • The country faces a huge task of national reconstruction following the war.战后,该国面临着重建家园的艰巨任务。
  • In the period of reconstruction,technique decides everything.在重建时期,技术决定一切。
31 residential kkrzY3     
adj.提供住宿的;居住的;住宅的
参考例句:
  • The mayor inspected the residential section of the city.市长视察了该市的住宅区。
  • The residential blocks were integrated with the rest of the college.住宿区与学院其他部分结合在了一起。
32 unified 40b03ccf3c2da88cc503272d1de3441c     
(unify 的过去式和过去分词); 统一的; 统一标准的; 一元化的
参考例句:
  • The teacher unified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。
  • The First Emperor of Qin unified China in 221 B.C. 秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国。
33 appropriations dbe6fbc02763a03b4f9bd9c27ac65881     
n.挪用(appropriation的复数形式)
参考例句:
  • More commonly, funding controls are imposed in the annual appropriations process. 更普遍的作法是,拨款控制被规定在年度拨款手续中。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
  • Should the president veto the appropriations bill, it goes back to Congress. 假如总统否决了这项拨款提案,就把它退还给国会。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
34 marketing Boez7e     
n.行销,在市场的买卖,买东西
参考例句:
  • They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。
  • He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。
35 mutual eFOxC     
adj.相互的,彼此的;共同的,共有的
参考例句:
  • We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
  • Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。
36 obligatory F5lzC     
adj.强制性的,义务的,必须的
参考例句:
  • It is obligatory for us to obey the laws.我们必须守法。
  • It is obligatory on every citizen to safeguard our great motherland.保卫我们伟大的祖国是每一个公民应尽的义务。
37 lawsuit A14xy     
n.诉讼,控诉
参考例句:
  • They threatened him with a lawsuit.他们以诉讼威逼他。
  • He was perpetually involving himself in this long lawsuit.他使自己无休止地卷入这场长时间的诉讼。
38 lawsuits 1878e62a5ca1482cc4ae9e93dcf74d69     
n.诉讼( lawsuit的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Lawsuits involving property rights and farming and grazing rights increased markedly. 涉及财产权,耕作与放牧权的诉讼案件显著地增加。 来自辞典例句
  • I've lost and won more lawsuits than any man in England. 全英国的人算我官司打得最多,赢的也多,输的也多。 来自辞典例句
39 infringe 0boz4     
v.违反,触犯,侵害
参考例句:
  • The jury ruled that he had infringed no rules.陪审团裁决他没有违反任何规定。
  • He occasionally infringe the law by parking near a junction.他因偶尔将车停放在交叉口附近而违反规定。
40 infringement nbvz3     
n.违反;侵权
参考例句:
  • Infringement of this regulation would automatically rule you out of the championship.违背这一规则会被自动取消参加锦标赛的资格。
  • The committee ruled that the US ban constituted an infringement of free trade.委员会裁定美国的禁令对自由贸易构成了侵犯
41 deferment 086f5f6cf07e6a5c21cc2415e81a7e5e     
n.迁延,延期,暂缓
参考例句:
  • The bank do not allow further deferment of his payment. 银行不容许他再次推迟付款。 来自互联网
  • Students are to refer to the regulations governing course deferment, refund and withdrawal the Student's Handbook. 学生需要参考学生手册上有关推迟入学、退费和退学的相关规定。 来自互联网
42 exemption 3muxo     
n.豁免,免税额,免除
参考例句:
  • You may be able to apply for exemption from local taxes.你可能符合资格申请免除地方税。
  • These goods are subject to exemption from tax.这些货物可以免税。
43 virtues cd5228c842b227ac02d36dd986c5cd53     
美德( virtue的名词复数 ); 德行; 优点; 长处
参考例句:
  • Doctors often extol the virtues of eating less fat. 医生常常宣扬少吃脂肪的好处。
  • She delivered a homily on the virtues of family life. 她进行了一场家庭生活美德方面的说教。
44 socialist jwcws     
n.社会主义者;adj.社会主义的
参考例句:
  • China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家,也是一个发展中国家。
  • His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。
45 ideological bq3zi8     
a.意识形态的
参考例句:
  • He always tries to link his study with his ideological problems. 他总是把学习和自己的思想问题联系起来。
  • He helped me enormously with advice on how to do ideological work. 他告诉我怎样做思想工作,对我有很大帮助。
46 capability JsGzZ     
n.能力;才能;(pl)可发展的能力或特性等
参考例句:
  • She has the capability to become a very fine actress.她有潜力成为杰出演员。
  • Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。
47 patriotism 63lzt     
n.爱国精神,爱国心,爱国主义
参考例句:
  • His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
  • They obtained money under the false pretenses of patriotism.他们以虚伪的爱国主义为借口获得金钱。
48 technological gqiwY     
adj.技术的;工艺的
参考例句:
  • A successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。
  • Today,the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements.当今, 随着科技进步,生活节奏不断增快。
49 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
50 mediate yCjxl     
vi.调解,斡旋;vt.经调解解决;经斡旋促成
参考例句:
  • The state must mediate the struggle for water resources.政府必须通过调解来解决对水资源的争夺。
  • They may be able to mediate between parties with different interests.他们也许能在不同利益政党之间进行斡旋。
51 lawfully hpYzCv     
adv.守法地,合法地;合理地
参考例句:
  • Lawfully established contracts shall be protected by law. 依法成立的合同应受法律保护。 来自口语例句
  • As my lawfully wedded husband, in sickness and in health, till death parts us. 当成是我的合法丈夫,无论疾病灾难,直到死亡把我们分开。 来自电影对白
52 infringed dcbf74ba9f59f98b16436456ca618de0     
v.违反(规章等)( infringe的过去式和过去分词 );侵犯(某人的权利);侵害(某人的自由、权益等)
参考例句:
  • Wherever the troops went, they never infringed on the people's interests. 大军过处,秋毫无犯。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • He was arrested on a charge of having infringed the Election Law. 他因被指控触犯选举法而被拘捕。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
53 disposition GljzO     
n.性情,性格;意向,倾向;排列,部署
参考例句:
  • He has made a good disposition of his property.他已对财产作了妥善处理。
  • He has a cheerful disposition.他性情开朗。
54 promptly LRMxm     
adv.及时地,敏捷地
参考例句:
  • He paid the money back promptly.他立即还了钱。
  • She promptly seized the opportunity his absence gave her.她立即抓住了因他不在场给她创造的机会。
55 evade evade     
vt.逃避,回避;避开,躲避
参考例句:
  • He tried to evade the embarrassing question.他企图回避这令人难堪的问题。
  • You are in charge of the job.How could you evade the issue?你是负责人,你怎么能对这个问题不置可否?
56 admonished b089a95ea05b3889a72a1d5e33963966     
v.劝告( admonish的过去式和过去分词 );训诫;(温和地)责备;轻责
参考例句:
  • She was admonished for chewing gum in class. 她在课堂上嚼口香糖,受到了告诫。
  • The teacher admonished the child for coming late to school. 那个孩子迟到,老师批评了他。 来自《简明英汉词典》
57 functionaries 90e939e920ac34596cdd9ccb420b61fe     
n.公职人员,官员( functionary的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The Indian transmitters were court functionaries, not missionaries. 印度文化的传递者都是朝廷的官员而不是传教士。 来自辞典例句
  • All government institutions functionaries must implement state laws, decrees and policies. 所有政府机关极其工作人员都必须认真执行国家的法律,法规和政策。 来自互联网
58 violation lLBzJ     
n.违反(行为),违背(行为),侵犯
参考例句:
  • He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说,那是违反规则的。
  • He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。
59 mediation 5Cxxl     
n.调解
参考例句:
  • The dispute was settled by mediation of the third country. 这场争端通过第三国的斡旋而得以解决。
  • The dispute was settled by mediation. 经调解使争端得以解决。
60 erring a646ae681564dc63eb0b5a3cb51b588e     
做错事的,错误的
参考例句:
  • Instead of bludgeoning our erring comrades, we should help them with criticism. 对犯错误的同志, 要批评帮助,不能一棍子打死。
  • She had too little faith in mankind not to know that they were erring. 她对男人们没有信心,知道他们总要犯错误的。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
61 relatively bkqzS3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
62 minor e7fzR     
adj.较小(少)的,较次要的;n.辅修学科;vi.辅修
参考例句:
  • The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
  • I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。
63 administrative fzDzkc     
adj.行政的,管理的
参考例句:
  • The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
  • He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。
64 interferes ab8163b252fe52454ada963fa857f890     
vi. 妨碍,冲突,干涉
参考例句:
  • The noise interferes with my work. 这噪音妨碍我的工作。
  • That interferes with my plan. 那干扰了我的计划。
65 extorts 0431251a3d50bc1d45895d9bcef6e79b     
v.敲诈( extort的第三人称单数 );曲解
参考例句:
  • Michael extorts a confession from his brother-in-law before having him killed. Michael在杀他的姐夫时,强迫对方忏悔。 来自互联网
  • He doesn't do his job well, he just extorts money. 他不办实事,就知道搂钱! 来自互联网
66 intentionally 7qOzFn     
ad.故意地,有意地
参考例句:
  • I didn't say it intentionally. 我是无心说的。
  • The local authority ruled that he had made himself intentionally homeless and was therefore not entitled to be rehoused. 当地政府裁定他是有意居无定所,因此没有资格再获得提供住房。
67 formulate L66yt     
v.用公式表示;规划;设计;系统地阐述
参考例句:
  • He took care to formulate his reply very clearly.他字斟句酌,清楚地做了回答。
  • I was impressed by the way he could formulate his ideas.他陈述观点的方式让我印象深刻。
TAG标签:
发表评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:点击我更换图片