中华人民共和国审计法实施条例
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国务院令第231号
(Promulgated by Decree No. 231 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on October 21, 1997)
颁布日期:19971021  实施日期:19971021  颁布单位:国务院

  Chapter I General Provisions

  Article 1 These Regulations are formulated1 in accordance with the provisions of the Audit2 Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Audit Law).

  Article 2 Audit constitutes acts of independent inspection3 of an auditee by an audit institution according to law of the former's accounting4 vouchers5, account books, accounting statements as well as relevant information and assets of budgetary revenues and expenditures6 and financial revenues and expenditures and supervision7 over the truthfulness8, legitimacy9 and benefits of budgetary revenues and expenditures and financial revenues and expenditures.

  Article 3 Budgetary revenues and expenditures subject to audit supervision mean revenues and expenditures integrated in budget management as well as revenues and expenditures of extra-budgetary funds pursuant to the provisions of the Budget Law of the People's Republic of China and other relevant provisions of the state.

  Financial revenues and expenditures subject to audit supervision mean the revenues and expenditures of various funds the accounting affairs, accounting settlement and accounting supervision of which are handled by state-owned financial institutions, enterprises and institutions as well as other units concerned subject to audit supervision as prescribed by the state pursuant to state provisions on financial accounting system.

  Article 4 Audit institutions shall, pursuant to the functions and responsibilities, limits of authority and procedures prescribed by the Audit Law and these Regulations as well as other relevant laws and regulations, exercise supervision through auditing10.

  Audit institutions shall base their audit assessment11, handling of cases and penalties on laws, regulations and other relevant state provisions on budgetary revenues and expenditures and financial revenues and expenditures.

  Article 5 The main contents of supervision through auditing on budget implementation13 by audit institutions consist of:

  (1) information on the official replies on budgets of various departments at the corresponding levels given by the finance departments of people's governments at all levels pursuant to the approved budget of the same level by the people's congresses at the same level, adjustments and changes in budgetary revenues and expenditures in the process of implementation of the budget at the same level;

  (2) information on collection of budgetary revenues by collection departments of budgetary revenues pursuant to laws, administrative14 regulations and other relevant state provisions;

  (3) information on the allocation of funds for budgetary expenditures of the corresponding levels by the finance departments of people's governments at all levels pursuant to the approved annual budgets and money outlay15 plans, budget grades and procedures;

  (4) information on the funds allocated16 to people's government at the next lower level as subsidy17 for budgetary expenditures and handling of final settlement by the finance department under the State Council and finance departments of local people's governments at and above the county level pursuant to the provisions of laws and regulations and the budget management system;

  (5) information on the implementation of annual budgetary expenditures and budgetary rules, financial rules as well as related economic construction and development of undertakings18 by all departments at the same level, and information on the turnover19 of budgetary revenues by departments and units tasked to turn over budgetary revenues;

  (6) information on the handling of collection of budgetary revenues and allocation of budgetary expenditures by state treasuries20 at all levels pursuant to relevant state provisions;

  (7) information on revenues and expenditures of budgeted funds under special-purpose fund management pursuant to relevant state provisions; and(8) other matters in budget implementation prescribed by laws and regulations.

  Article 6 The main contents of supervision through auditing exercised by audit institutions over other budgetary revenues and expenditures consist of:

  (1) information on the management and utilization21 of extra-budgetary funds and reimbursable22 budgetary funds by finance departments of people's governments at all levels pursuant to the provisions of laws, regulations and other relevant state provisions;

  (2) information on the management and utilization of extra-budgetary funds by all departments at the same level pursuant to the provisions of laws, regulations and other relevant state provisions; and

  (3) the final settlement of all departments at the same level and the final settlement of the government at the next lower level.

  Chapter II Audit Institutions and Auditors23

  Article 7 The National Audit Administration shall, under the leadership of the Premier24 of the State Council, take charge of the audit work throughout the country and perform the functions and responsibilities prescribed by the Audit Law and the State Council.

  Local audit institutions at all levels shall, under the leadership of the administrative leader of the people's governments at the corresponding level and the audit institution at the next higher level, be responsible for the audit work within their respective administrative areas and perform the functions and responsibilities prescribed by laws, regulations and the people's government at the corresponding level.

  Article 8 Audit institutions of prefectural administrations set up by people's governments of provinces and autonomous25 regions directly under the Central Government shall be responsible and report on their work to the prefectural administrations and audit institutions of people's governments of provinces and autonomous regions directly under the Central Government, and their audit work shall be directed chiefly by the audit institutions of people's governments of provinces and autonomous regions directly under the Central Government.

  Article 9 Basis for the compilation26 of draft budgets for annual expenses by audit institutions necessary for the performance of functions and responsibilities:

  (1) laws and regulations;

  (2) decision and requirements of the people's government at the corresponding level;

  (3) functions, responsibilities, missions and plan of the audit institution;

  (4) standards for staffing quota27; and

  (5) budget implementation of the preceding year and variable factors in the current year.

  Budget for expenses necessary for the performance of functions and responsibilities by the audit institution shall be listed separately in the budget at the corresponding level and guaranteed by the people's government at the corresponding level.

  Article 10 The system of technical qualifications of the auditing speciality for auditors shall be practised. Specific measures shall be observed in accordance with the relevant state provisions.

  Audit institutions may, as required by work, appoint persons with related professional knowledge with respect to audit matters to participate in audit work.

  Article 11 In handling audit matters, when auditors encounter any of the following circumstances, they shall with draw on their own; the auditees have the right to file applications for the withdrawal28 of the auditors:

  (1) having husband-and-wife relationship, direct blood relationship, collateral29 relationship by blood in three generations as well as close relationship by marriage with the responsible person and other persons in charge concerned of the auditee;

  (2) having relations of economic interest with the auditee or the audit matters; and

  (3) having other relations of interest with the auditee or the audit items which may adversely30 affect fair performance of official duties.

  Withdrawal of auditors shall be decided31 by the responsible person of an audit institution; withdrawal of the responsible person of an audit institution shall be decided by the people's government at the corresponding level or the responsible person of the audit institution at the next higher level.

  Article 12 In the appointment and removal of persons in charge and their deputies of local audit institutions at all levels, views of the audit institution at the next higher level shall be sought in advance.

  Article 13 Persons in charge of audit institutions not having any of the following circumstances during the tenure32 of office shall not be removed or replaced at random33:

  (1) being investigated of criminal responsibility for crime;

  (2) having been given administrative sanctions for serious violation34 of law and negligence35 of duty and no longer suitable for the position of the person-in-charge of an audit institution;

  (3) failure to perform duties for more than one year due to health reasons; and

  (4) failure to meet other requirements of the position prescribed by the state.

  Chapter III Functions and Responsibilities of Audit Institutions

  Article 14 Audit institutions shall exercise supervision through auditing over state organs, armed forces units, political parties and organizations and social groups having direct relations of budget turnover and allocations with the finance department of the people's government at the corresponding level in accordance with law, and exercise supervision through auditing over enterprises and institutions having direct relations of budget turnover and allocations with the finance department of the people's government at the corresponding level in accordance with law.

  Article 15 Extra-budgetary funds subject to supervision through auditing mean the following budgetary funds not included in budget management of state organs, institutions, social groups for collection, withdrawal and arrangement for use in or for the performance of governmental functions:

  (1) Various additional revenues and other funds and foundation funds raised managed by finance departments and not included in the budget;

  (2) collection of various administrative fees and collection of institutional charges by administrative organs and institutions and not included in the budget;

  (3) funds collected by relevant competent government departments from subordinate units; and

  (4) other budgetary funds and foundation funds not included in budget management.

  Article 16 Audit institutions shall, on the termination of each budget year, carry out audit on budget implementation and other budgetary revenues and expenditures. When necessary, audit institutions may conduct audit and inspection on relevant items in the budgetary revenues and expenditures in the current budget year or in past budget years.

  Article 17 The report on audit results prepared by the audit institution on budget implementation at the corresponding level shall contain the following contents:

  (1) information on the finance department in the concrete organization in budget implementation at the corresponding level;

  (2) information on the collection departments of budgetary revenues in the organization of budgetary revenues at the corresponding level;

  (3) information on the state treasury36 at the corresponding level in handling the business of budgetary revenues and expenditures;

  (4) audit assessment on budget implementation at the corresponding level by the audit institution;

  (5) problems existing in budget implementation at the corresponding level and measures taken by the audit institution in accordance with law;

  (6) views and suggestions put forth37 by the audit institution for handling and improving the work of budget implementation at the corresponding level; and

  (7) other information the report of which is required by the government at the corresponding level.

  Article 18 The National Audit Administration shall exercise supervision through auditing in accordance with law overall financial revenues and expenditures of the Central Bank and its branches occurring in engagement in financial business activities and in the performance of functions and responsibilities of financial supervision and control.

  The report on audit results on central budget implementation submitted by the National Audit Administration to the Premier of the State Council shall include information on the financial revenues and expenditures of the Central Bank.

  Article 19 Audit institutions shall, in accordance with law, exercise supervision through auditing over the following state-owned financial institutions:

  (1) the state policy bank;

  (2) state-owned commercial banks;

  (3) state-owned non-bank financial institutions; and

  (4) banks or non-bank financial institutions wherein state-owned assets occupy a holding position or dominating position.

  Article 20 Audit institutions shall, in accordance with law, exercise supervision through auditing over the following enterprises wherein state-owned assets occupy a holding position or dominating position:

  (1) enterprises wherein the state-owned capital accounts for over fifty percent of the total capital of the enterprises; and

  (2) enterprises wherein the state-owned capital accounts for less than fifty percent of the total capital of the enterprises, however investors38 of the state-owned assets in essence possess the holding right.

  Unless there are provisions otherwise by the State Council, the supervision through auditing over the enterprises listed in the preceding paragraph exercised by audit institutions shall be carried out with reference to the provisions of Articles 20 and 21 of the Audit Law.

  Article 21 State construction projects subject to supervision through auditing mean capital construction projects and technological39 transformation40 projects chiefly with the investment of state-owned assets or accommodation of funds.

  Financial revenues and expenditures of building, design, construction, purchasing and other units directly related to the state construction projects shall be subject to supervision through auditing by audit institutions.

  Article 22 Audit institutions shall, in accordance with law, exercise supervision through auditing over the implementation of the general budget or budget estimate, annual budget implementation and annual final settlements and final settlements on the completion of projects of state construction projects.

  Article 23 Social security funds subject to supervision through auditing include such social insurance funds as pension, medic are, work injuries, unemployment, birth, etc., social relief funds such as relief, disaster relief, assistance to poor areas etc., as well as social welfare funds for the development of the cause of social welfare.

  Funds donated by society subject to supervision through auditing include money, marketable securities and articles in kind donated by domestic and foreign enterprises, societies and individuals for non-profit social undertakings.

  Article 24 Audit institutions shall, in accordance with law, exercise supervision through auditing over the following items of assistance and loans of international organizations and foreign governments:

  (1) items of loans provided by international financial institutions, foreign governments and their institutions to the Chinese Government and its institutions;

  (2) items of loans provided by international organizations, foreign governments and their institutions to Chinese enterprises and institutions and guaranteed by the Chinese Government and its institutions;

  (3) items of assistance and grants provided by international organizations, foreign governments and their institutions to the Chinese Government;

  (4) items of assistance and grants provided by international organizations, foreign governments and their institutions to societies entrusted41 by the Chinese Government to administer the relevant foundation funds and funds; and

  (5) other items utilizing42 the assistance and loans of international organizations and foreign governments.

  Article 25 Audit institutions shall, in conducting special-purpose audit investigations44, produce the written notice of special-purpose audit investigations to the localities, departments, units and persons concerned under investigation43 and explain relevant details; the localities, departments, units and persons concerned shall accept investigation, relate the information truthfully and provide relevant material.

  Article 26 Audit institutions shall, in accordance with the relations of budgetary and financial subordination of the auditees, determine the scope of audit jurisdiction45; where the scope of audit jurisdiction cannot be determined46 in accordance with the relations of budgetary and financial subordination, the scope of audit jurisdiction shall be determined in accordance with the relations of supervision and administration of the state-owned assets.

  Audit institutions with audit jurisdiction over the chief investment body shall exercise supervision through auditing over enterprises and institutions with investment by two or more than two investment bodies of the state-owned assets.

  Article 27 Audit institutions shall, in accordance with the determined scope of audit jurisdiction, exercise supervision through auditing and conduct special-purpose audit investigations.

  Chapter IV Limits of Authority of Audit Institutions

  Article 28 In the process of the exercise of supervision through auditing by audit institutions in accordance with law, the auditees shall, in accordance with the time limit and requirements prescribed by the audit institutions, provide the audit institutions with the relevant information and material on budgetary revenues and expenditures or financial revenues and expenditures.

  The information and material to be provided by the auditees to the audit institutions shall include information on the establishment of accounts in banks and non-bank financial institutions by the auditees, audit reports produced by public audit firms entrusted by the auditees, reports on assets verification, asset appraisal47 reports as well as other reports relating to the handling of amalgamation48, separation and final accounts of enterprises and institutions.

  Article 29 Finance departments, taxation49 departments and other departments of people's governments at all levels shall submit the following information to the audit institutions at the corresponding levels:

  (1) budgets of the corresponding levels approved by people's congresses at the corresponding levels, budgets of all departments of the corresponding levels approved by the finance departments of people's governments at the corresponding levels, annual revenue plans of budget revenue collection departments as well as budgets of all subordinate units approved by all departments at the corresponding levels;

  (2) monthly statements, yearly statements and final accounts on the implementation of budget revenues and expenditures and the fulfillment of revenue plans of budget revenue collection departments at the corresponding levels as well as final accounts of revenues and expenditures of extra-budgetary funds and revenues and expenditures of reimbursable financial funds;

  (3) comprehensive yearly statistical50 statements on finance and taxation work, briefings, and rules and regulations relating to finance, budget, taxation, fiscal51 matters and accounting; and

  (4) draft final accounts of departments compiled in summary by all departments at the corresponding levels.

  Article 30 Audit institutions shall have the power to inspect the financial accounting settlement system of management of budgetary revenues and expenditures and financial revenues and expenditures by employment of electronic computers by the auditees. The auditees shall provide the audit institutions with the electronic data and relevant information of budgetary revenues and expenditures and financial revenues and expenditures stored and processed by employment of electronic computers.

  Article 31 Audit institutions shall, in carrying out investigations among units or individuals concerned of issues relating to audit matters, have the power to look into and inquire about all deposits in financial institutions by the auditees and obtain testimonial material; the financial institutions concerned shall provide assistance and testimonial material.

  Audit institutions shall, in making inquiry52 about the deposits in financial institutions by the auditees, carry the inquiry notice signed and issued by persons in charge of the audit institutions at and above the county level and undertake to keep the secrets.

  Article 32 Audit institutions shall, when having the basis to hold that the auditees may transfer, conceal53, alter or destroy accounting vouchers, account books, accounting statements as well as other information relating to budgetary revenues and expenditures or financial revenues and expenditures, have the power to take measures in gathering54 evidences; they shall, when necessary and with the approval of the persons in charge of the audit institutions, have the power to temporarily seal up for safekeeping account books and other material relating to budgetary revenues and expenditures or financial revenues and expenditures of the auditees in contravention of state provisions.

  Article 33 When audit institutions exercise supervision through auditing in accordance with law, the auditees shall not transfer and conceal the following assets in their possession acquired in contravention of state provisions:

  (1) financial allocations, bank loans and materials acquired through falsification and cheating;

  (2) assets acquired through enjoyment55 of such preferential policies as state subsidy, assistance, premium56, interest exemption57, tax reduction, tax exemption and tax refund58 in contravention of state provisions;

  (3) money and goods in kind collected from other persons in contravention of state provisions;

  (4) benefits acquired through disposing of state-owned assets in contravention of state provisions; and

  (5) other assets acquired in contravention of state provisions.

  Audit institutions may, pursuant to legal procedures, notify the departments with duties of administering the allocation of funds or duties of supervision over the use of funds of the auditees to temporarily suspend the allocation of funds directly related to the acts of budgetary revenues and expenditures or financial revenues and expenditures in violation of state provisions and to suspend the use of the funds already allocated.

  Article 34 When audit institutions in the exercise of supervision through auditing in accordance with law discover embezzlement59, abusive use or illegal use of loan funds on the part of the auditees in contravention of state provisions, they may suggest that the state-owned financial institutions concerned take corresponding measures to ensure the safety of the loan funds.

  Article 35 Audit institutions may, in relation to audit matters, issue circulars about their audit results to the relevant government departments and put forth views and suggestions on related issues.

  Audit institutions may publish audit results to the public on the following audit matters:

  (1) those as required to be published to the public by the people's government at the corresponding level or the audit institution at the next higher level;

  (2) those which attract public concern of society; and

  (3) audit results of other audit matters the publication of which for society has been prescribed by laws and regulations.

  Chapter V Audit Procedures

  Article 36 Audit institutions shall, in pursuance of the provisions of laws, regulations and other relevant state provisions and requirements of the people's government at the corresponding level and the audit institution at the next higher level, determine the priorities in the yearly audit work and compile an annual plan of audit items.

  Article 37 Audit institutions may, in the performance of audit according to law, directly serve the audit papers or serve the audit papers by post. In the case of those served directly, the date of signature for receipt on the receipt annotated61 by the auditees shall be the date of service; in the case of those served by post, the date of receipt annotated on the receipt shall be the date of service.

  Article 38 In the performance of audit, auditors shall proceed in accordance with the following provisions:

  (1) compile audit work drafts, make detailed62 and accurate record of issues discovered in audit and annotate60 the sources of material.

  (2) gather and obtain original material, related documents and goods in kind capable of proving the audit items; when it is impossible or not suitable to obtain the original material, related documents and goods in kind, such methods as duplication and photography may be employed to obtain testimonial material.

  (3) make records of contents of meetings and conversations relating to audit matters or require the provision of recorded material of meetings in accordance with the requirements of audit work.

  Article 39 The testimonial material obtained by auditors from investigations among units and individuals concerned should have the signatures or seals of the providers; those material unable to obtain the signatures or seals of the providers, auditors should annotate reasons thereon.

  Article 40 Prior to the submission63 of audit reports to audit institutions, audit teams shall seek the views of the auditees. The auditees should, within ten days from the date of receipt of the audit reports, submit their views in writing. No submission of views in writing within ten days from the date of receipt of the audit reports shall be construed64 as having no objection.

  Audit teams should examine the views of the auditees on the audit reports, further verify the information, make necessary revision in the audit reports on the basis of the verified information and submit the audit reports and the views of the auditees in writing to audit institutions.

  Article 41 Upon revivification by special organs or personnel of audit institutions, the audit reports submitted by audit teams shall be finalized65 through examination by audit institutions and handled in accordance with the following provisions:

  (1) Assessment shall be made on audit matters and auditor's opinions issued with respect to acts of budgetary revenues and expenditures and financial revenues and expenditures with no violation of state provisions; with respect to those having acts of budgetary revenues and expenditures and financial revenues and expenditures in violation of state provisions while the circumstances are markedly not serious, they should be pointed66 out and ordered to make rectifications on their own, and assessment on audit matters should be made and auditor's opinions issued.

  (2) With respect to those having acts of budgetary revenues and expenditures and financial revenues and expenditures in violation of state provisions which call for handling and penalties according to law, in addition to assessment on audit matters and issuance of auditor's opinions, audit decisions on the handling and penalties shall be made within the scope of legal authority with respect to the acts of budgetary revenues and expenditures and financial revenues and expenditures in violation of state provisions.

  (3) With respect to the acts of budgetary revenues and expenditures and financial revenues and expenditures which audit institutions hold that they shall be handled and penalized68 by relevant competent organs, audit proposals shall be prepared and suggestions on handling and penalties put forth to the relevant competent organs.

  Article 42 Audit institutions shall report to the people's governments at the corresponding level and the audit institutions at the next higher level when encountering matters infringing69 on state interests and public interest of society the basis of handling and penalties for which has not explicitly70 defined.

  Article 43 Audit institutions shall, upon making audit decisions, serve the same on the auditees for execution. For those audit decisions the execution of which requires the assistance of relevant competent departments, notices for assistance in the execution of audit decisions shall be prepared and issued.

  Article 44 Auditees shall execute the audit decisions and make the payment due to special accounts pursuant to the finance management system and the relevant state provisions; the illegal gains confiscated71 and fines in accordance with law shall be turned over to state treasuries in full.

  Auditees or relevant competent departments assisting in execution should, within 30 days from the date of entering into force of audit decisions, report to audit institutions in writing on the implementation of the audit decisions.

  Article 45 Audit institutions should, within three months from the date of entering into force of audit decisions, inspect the implementation of audit decisions. With respect to auditees' failure to implement12 the audit decisions pursuant to the prescribed time limit and requirements, the audit institutions shall order them to execute the same; for those who further fail in execution, applications shall be filed at a people's court for forcible execution.

  Article 46 Those having objections to audit decisions made by local audit institutions should submit applications to audit institutions at the next higher level or the people's governments at the corresponding level for reconsideration; with respect to objections to audit decisions made by the National Audit Administration, applications should first be filed with the National Audit Administration for reconsideration.

  Audit institutions should, within two months from the date of receipt of the application for reconsideration, make the reconsideration decision. The time limit for making the reconsideration decision may be appropriately extended in the event of extraordinary circumstances; however, the longest time period extended shall not exceed two months and the extended time period and their reasons shall be notified to the applicants72 for reconsideration in time.

  Article 47 Audit institutions should establish and perfect the audit archive system pursuant to relevant state provisions with respect to the handling of audit matters, audit investigation matters, audit reconsideration matters and audit appeal acceptance matters.

  Article 48 The contents and formats73 of such audit documents as the audit notice, audit report, auditor's opinions and audit decision shall be determined by the National Audit Administration.

  Chapter VI Legal Liability

  Article 49 If an auditee, in violation of the provisions of the Audit Law, refuses or delays provision of information relating to audit matters, or refuses and hinders examination, the audit institution shall order a rectification67 and may mete74 out criticism in a circular and administer a warning; whoever refuses to make a rectification shall be investigated of liability pursuant to the following provisions:

  (1) A fine of less than RMB 50,000 Yuan be imposed on the auditee;

  (2) With respect to the person in charge held directly responsible and other persons directly responsible of the auditee whom the audit institution holds that administrative sanctions or disciplinary penalties shall be imposed, suggestions shall be made to the departments and units concerned for the imposition of administrative sanctions or disciplinary penalties; and

  (3) If a crime has been constituted, criminal liability shall be investigated according to law.

  The auditee must, upon investigation of liability pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, still subject itself to supervision through auditing by the audit institution.

  Article 50 Audit institutions shall, upon discovery of transfer, concealment75, alteration76 and destruction of accounting vouchers, account books, accounting statements as well as other information relating to budgetary revenues and expenditures or financial revenues and expenditures by the auditee, have the power to stop the same, order it to handout77 or make rectifications or take remedial measures and take measures prescribed in Article 32 of these Regulations.

  Article 51 Audit institutions shall, upon discovery of transfer and concealment of illegally acquired assets by the auditee, have the power to stop the same or apply to the people's government or the relevant competent department to stop the same, or apply to a people's court to take property preservation78 measures in accordance with law.

  Article 52 With respect to the acts of all departments (including units directly under them) at the same level and those of the government at the next lower level in contravention of the budget or other acts of budgetary revenues and expenditures in contravention of state provisions, audit institutions shall deal with the illegally gained assets within the scope of legal authority in the light of different circumstances pursuant to the following provisions:

  (1) to order the violator to pay or turn over the budgetary revenue it should pay or turn over within the prescribed time period;

  (2) to order the violator to return the state-owned assets seized within the prescribed time period;

  (3) to order the violator to return the illegal gains within the prescribed time period;

  (4) to order the violator to offset79 or adjust the related accounting items; and

  (5) to take other correction measures.

  Article 53 With respect to the acts of financial revenues and expenditures of auditees in contravention of state provisions, audit institutions shall, within the scope of legal authority, order the violators to make a rectification, administer a warning, mete out criticism in a circular and deal with the illegally gained assets pursuant to the provisions of Article 52 of these Regulations; those with illegal gains shall be imposed a fine more than one time and less than five times of the amount of the illegal gains; those with no illegal gains shall be imposed a fine of less than RMB 50,000 Yuan. With respect to the persons in charge held directly responsible and other persons directly responsible of the auditees whom audit institutions hold that administrative sanctions or disciplinary penalties should be imposed, suggestions for administrative sanctions or disciplinary penalties shall be put forth with the relevant departments and units.

  In case of laws and administrative regulations having separate provisions for handling and penalizing80 the acts of financial revenues and expenditures in contravention of state provisions by the auditees, those provisions shall prevail.

  Article 54 With respect to suggestions for handling and penalizing the auditees put forward by audit institutions or suggestions for the imposition of administrative sanctions or disciplinary penalties on persons in charge held directly responsible and other persons directly responsible of the auditees, the departments and units concerned should make a decision in time according to law and notify the audit institutions of the results in writing.

  Article 55 Auditors who abuse power, indulge in malpractices for selfish gains or neglect duties which constitutes a crime shall be investigated of criminal liability according to law; where a crime has not been constituted, administrative sanctions shall be imposed according to law.

  Property acquired by auditors in violation of law and discipline shall be recovered, confiscated or ordered to pay compensation according to law.

  Chapter VII Supplementary81 Provision

  Article 56 These Regulations shall enter into force as of the date of promulgation82.



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 formulated cfc86c2c7185ae3f93c4d8a44e3cea3c     
v.构想出( formulate的过去式和过去分词 );规划;确切地阐述;用公式表示
参考例句:
  • He claims that the writer never consciously formulated his own theoretical position. 他声称该作家从未有意识地阐明他自己的理论见解。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This idea can be formulated in two different ways. 这个意思可以有两种说法。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
2 audit wuGzw     
v.审计;查帐;核对;旁听
参考例句:
  • Each year they audit our accounts and certify them as being true and fair.他们每年对我们进行账务审核,以确保其真实无误。
  • As usual,the yearly audit will take place in December.跟往常一样,年度审计将在十二月份进行。
3 inspection y6TxG     
n.检查,审查,检阅
参考例句:
  • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
  • The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers.士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。
4 accounting nzSzsY     
n.会计,会计学,借贷对照表
参考例句:
  • A job fell vacant in the accounting department.财会部出现了一个空缺。
  • There's an accounting error in this entry.这笔账目里有差错。
5 vouchers 4f649eeb2fd7ec1ef73ed951059af072     
n.凭证( voucher的名词复数 );证人;证件;收据
参考例句:
  • These vouchers are redeemable against any future purchase. 这些优惠券将来购物均可使用。
  • This time we were given free vouchers to spend the night in a nearby hotel. 这一次我们得到了在附近一家旅馆入住的免费券。 来自英语晨读30分(高二)
6 expenditures 2af585403f5a51eeaa8f7b29110cc2ab     
n.花费( expenditure的名词复数 );使用;(尤指金钱的)支出额;(精力、时间、材料等的)耗费
参考例句:
  • We have overspent.We'll have to let up our expenditures next month. 我们已经超支了,下个月一定得节约开支。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The pension includes an allowance of fifty pounds for traffic expenditures. 年金中包括50镑交通费补贴。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 supervision hr6wv     
n.监督,管理
参考例句:
  • The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
  • The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。
8 truthfulness 27c8b19ec00cf09690f381451b0fa00c     
n. 符合实际
参考例句:
  • Among her many virtues are loyalty, courage, and truthfulness. 她有许多的美德,如忠诚、勇敢和诚实。
  • I fired a hundred questions concerning the truthfulness of his statement. 我对他发言的真实性提出一连串质问。
9 legitimacy q9tzJ     
n.合法,正当
参考例句:
  • The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.报纸直接质疑政府的合法性。
  • Managing from the top down,we operate with full legitimacy.我们进行由上而下的管理有充分的合法性。
10 auditing JyVzib     
n.审计,查账,决算
参考例句:
  • Auditing standards are the rules governing how an audit is performed.收支检查标准是规则统治一个稽核如何被运行。
  • The auditing services market is dominated by a few large accounting firms.审计服务市场被几家大型会计公司独占了。
11 assessment vO7yu     
n.评价;评估;对财产的估价,被估定的金额
参考例句:
  • This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
  • What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何?
12 implement WcdzG     
n.(pl.)工具,器具;vt.实行,实施,执行
参考例句:
  • Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划,除非你能完成这项计划。
  • The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。
13 implementation 2awxV     
n.实施,贯彻
参考例句:
  • Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。
14 administrative fzDzkc     
adj.行政的,管理的
参考例句:
  • The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
  • He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。
15 outlay amlz8A     
n.费用,经费,支出;v.花费
参考例句:
  • There was very little outlay on new machinery.添置新机器的开支微乎其微。
  • The outlay seems to bear no relation to the object aimed at.这费用似乎和预期目的完全不相称。
16 allocated 01868918c8cec5bc8773e98ae11a0f54     
adj. 分配的 动词allocate的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • The Ford Foundation allocated millions of dollars for cancer research. 福特基金会拨款数百万美元用于癌症研究。
  • More funds will now be allocated to charitable organizations. 现在会拨更多的资金给慈善组织。
17 subsidy 2U5zo     
n.补助金,津贴
参考例句:
  • The university will receive a subsidy for research in artificial intelligence.那个大学将得到一笔人工智能研究的补助费。
  • The living subsidy for senior expert's family is included in the remuneration.报酬已包含高级专家家人的生活补贴。
18 undertakings e635513464ec002d92571ebd6bc9f67e     
企业( undertaking的名词复数 ); 保证; 殡仪业; 任务
参考例句:
  • The principle of diligence and frugality applies to all undertakings. 勤俭节约的原则适用于一切事业。
  • Such undertakings require the precise planning and foresight of military operations. 此举要求军事上战役中所需要的准确布置和预见。
19 turnover nfkzmg     
n.人员流动率,人事变动率;营业额,成交量
参考例句:
  • The store greatly reduced the prices to make a quick turnover.这家商店实行大减价以迅速周转资金。
  • Our turnover actually increased last year.去年我们的营业额竟然增加了。
20 treasuries 506f29b3521f9522ba67d6c04ba661f5     
n.(政府的)财政部( treasury的名词复数 );国库,金库
参考例句:
  • Yields on Treasuries, Bunds and gilts can remain at historically low levels. 美国国债、德国国债和英国国债的收益率仍然可以维持在历史低位。 来自互联网
  • Treasuries and gold rose in response but the dollar fell sharply. 接着,国债和黄金的价格上涨,而美元价格则猛跌。 来自互联网
21 utilization Of0zMC     
n.利用,效用
参考例句:
  • Computer has found an increasingly wide utilization in all fields.电子计算机已越来越广泛地在各个领域得到应用。
  • Modern forms of agricultural utilization,have completely refuted this assumption.现代农业利用形式,完全驳倒了这种想象。
22 reimbursable 56f78f06050c51f95357c985d9105b24     
[法] 可收回的,可补偿的
参考例句:
  • Expenses incurred to obtain this insurance are not reimbursable by RI. 而这类保险费用国际扶轮是不补偿的。 来自互联网
  • The relevant documents are not reimbursable procedures are complete. 代办手续中的相关文件也不是很齐全。 来自互联网
23 auditors 7c9d6c4703cbc39f1ec2b27542bc5d1a     
n.审计员,稽核员( auditor的名词复数 );(大学课程的)旁听生
参考例句:
  • The company has been in litigation with its previous auditors for a full year. 那家公司与前任审计员已打了整整一年的官司。
  • a meeting to discuss the annual accounts and the auditors' report thereon 讨论年度报表及其审计报告的会议
24 premier R19z3     
adj.首要的;n.总理,首相
参考例句:
  • The Irish Premier is paying an official visit to Britain.爱尔兰总理正在对英国进行正式访问。
  • He requested that the premier grant him an internview.他要求那位总理接见他一次。
25 autonomous DPyyv     
adj.自治的;独立的
参考例句:
  • They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
  • This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。
26 compilation kptzy     
n.编译,编辑
参考例句:
  • One of the first steps taken was the compilation of a report.首先采取的步骤之一是写一份报告。
  • The compilation of such diagrams,is of lasting value for astronomy.绘制这样的图对天文学有永恒的价值。
27 quota vSKxV     
n.(生产、进出口等的)配额,(移民的)限额
参考例句:
  • A restricted import quota was set for meat products.肉类产品设定了进口配额。
  • He overfulfilled his production quota for two months running.他一连两个月超额完成生产指标。
28 withdrawal Cfhwq     
n.取回,提款;撤退,撤军;收回,撤销
参考例句:
  • The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
  • They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。
29 collateral wqhzH     
adj.平行的;旁系的;n.担保品
参考例句:
  • Many people use personal assets as collateral for small business loans.很多人把个人财产用作小额商业贷款的抵押品。
  • Most people here cannot borrow from banks because they lack collateral.由于拿不出东西作为抵押,这里大部分人无法从银行贷款。
30 adversely 6zEzi6     
ad.有害地
参考例句:
  • We commented adversely upon the imbecility of that message of telegraphic style. 我们对着这条电报式的愚蠢的留言发泄了一通不满。
  • Widely fluctuating exchange rates may adversely affect international trade. 浮动幅度很大的汇率可能会对国际贸易产生有害的影响。
31 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
32 tenure Uqjy2     
n.终身职位;任期;(土地)保有权,保有期
参考例句:
  • He remained popular throughout his tenure of the office of mayor.他在担任市长的整个任期内都深得民心。
  • Land tenure is a leading political issue in many parts of the world.土地的保有权在世界很多地区是主要的政治问题。
33 random HT9xd     
adj.随机的;任意的;n.偶然的(或随便的)行动
参考例句:
  • The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
  • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
34 violation lLBzJ     
n.违反(行为),违背(行为),侵犯
参考例句:
  • He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说,那是违反规则的。
  • He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。
35 negligence IjQyI     
n.疏忽,玩忽,粗心大意
参考例句:
  • They charged him with negligence of duty.他们指责他玩忽职守。
  • The traffic accident was allegedly due to negligence.这次车祸据说是由于疏忽造成的。
36 treasury 7GeyP     
n.宝库;国库,金库;文库
参考例句:
  • The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
  • This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。
37 forth Hzdz2     
adv.向前;向外,往外
参考例句:
  • The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
  • He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。
38 investors dffc64354445b947454450e472276b99     
n.投资者,出资者( investor的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
  • a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会
39 technological gqiwY     
adj.技术的;工艺的
参考例句:
  • A successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。
  • Today,the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements.当今, 随着科技进步,生活节奏不断增快。
40 transformation SnFwO     
n.变化;改造;转变
参考例句:
  • Going to college brought about a dramatic transformation in her outlook.上大学使她的观念发生了巨大的变化。
  • He was struggling to make the transformation from single man to responsible husband.他正在努力使自己由单身汉变为可靠的丈夫。
41 entrusted be9f0db83b06252a0a462773113f94fa     
v.委托,托付( entrust的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • He entrusted the task to his nephew. 他把这任务托付给了他的侄儿。
  • She was entrusted with the direction of the project. 她受委托负责这项计划。 来自《简明英汉词典》
42 utilizing fbe1505f632dff25652a1730952a6464     
v.利用,使用( utilize的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • Utilizing an assembler to produce a machine-language program. 用汇编程序产生机器语言的过程。 来自辞典例句
  • The study and use of devices utilizing properties of materials near absolute zero in temperature. 对材料在接近绝对零度时的特性进行研究和利用的学科。 来自辞典例句
43 investigation MRKzq     
n.调查,调查研究
参考例句:
  • In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
  • He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。
44 investigations 02de25420938593f7db7bd4052010b32     
(正式的)调查( investigation的名词复数 ); 侦查; 科学研究; 学术研究
参考例句:
  • His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查,但没有发现什么。
  • He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。
45 jurisdiction La8zP     
n.司法权,审判权,管辖权,控制权
参考例句:
  • It doesn't lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我无权将你释放。
  • Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隶属江苏省。
46 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
47 appraisal hvFzt     
n.对…作出的评价;评价,鉴定,评估
参考例句:
  • What's your appraisal of the situation?你对局势是如何评估的?
  • We need to make a proper appraisal of his work.对于他的工作我们需要做出适当的评价。
48 amalgamation Zz9zAK     
n.合并,重组;;汞齐化
参考例句:
  • We look towards the amalgamation of some of the neighborhood factories.我们指望合并一些里弄工厂。
  • The proposed amalgamation of the two institutes has mow fallen through.这两个研究所打算合并的事现在已经落空了。
49 taxation tqVwP     
n.征税,税收,税金
参考例句:
  • He made a number of simplifications in the taxation system.他在税制上作了一些简化。
  • The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
50 statistical bu3wa     
adj.统计的,统计学的
参考例句:
  • He showed the price fluctuations in a statistical table.他用统计表显示价格的波动。
  • They're making detailed statistical analysis.他们正在做具体的统计分析。
51 fiscal agbzf     
adj.财政的,会计的,国库的,国库岁入的
参考例句:
  • The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
  • The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。
52 inquiry nbgzF     
n.打听,询问,调查,查问
参考例句:
  • Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
  • The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。
53 conceal DpYzt     
v.隐藏,隐瞒,隐蔽
参考例句:
  • He had to conceal his identity to escape the police.为了躲避警方,他只好隐瞒身份。
  • He could hardly conceal his joy at his departure.他几乎掩饰不住临行时的喜悦。
54 gathering ChmxZ     
n.集会,聚会,聚集
参考例句:
  • He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
  • He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。
55 enjoyment opaxV     
n.乐趣;享有;享用
参考例句:
  • Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同,我们这次访问更加愉快了。
  • After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话,这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。
56 premium EPSxX     
n.加付款;赠品;adj.高级的;售价高的
参考例句:
  • You have to pay a premium for express delivery.寄快递你得付额外费用。
  • Fresh water was at a premium after the reservoir was contaminated.在水库被污染之后,清水便因稀而贵了。
57 exemption 3muxo     
n.豁免,免税额,免除
参考例句:
  • You may be able to apply for exemption from local taxes.你可能符合资格申请免除地方税。
  • These goods are subject to exemption from tax.这些货物可以免税。
58 refund WkvzPB     
v.退还,偿还;n.归还,偿还额,退款
参考例句:
  • They demand a refund on unsatisfactory goods.他们对不满意的货品要求退款。
  • We'll refund your money if you aren't satisfied.你若不满意,我们愿意退款给你。
59 embezzlement RqoxY     
n.盗用,贪污
参考例句:
  • He was accused of graft and embezzlement and was chained and thrown into prison.他因被指控贪污盗窃而锒铛入狱。
  • The judge sent him to prison for embezzlement of funds.法官因他盗用公款将其送入监牢。
60 annotate uVyzA     
v.注解
参考例句:
  • Some people annotate as they read.有的人一面读书一面做注解。
  • People annotate the history,so does the history annotate people.人们在注释历史,历史也在注释人们。
61 annotated c2a54daf2659390553c9665593260606     
v.注解,注释( annotate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Thematic maps should always be annotated with the source and date of the topical information. 各类专题地图,均应注明专题资料来源和日期。 来自辞典例句
  • And this is the version annotated by Umberto de Bologna. 并且这是有安博多-德-波罗格那注释的版本。 来自电影对白
62 detailed xuNzms     
adj.详细的,详尽的,极注意细节的,完全的
参考例句:
  • He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
  • A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。
63 submission lUVzr     
n.服从,投降;温顺,谦虚;提出
参考例句:
  • The defeated general showed his submission by giving up his sword.战败将军缴剑表示投降。
  • No enemy can frighten us into submission.任何敌人的恐吓都不能使我们屈服。
64 construed b4b2252d3046746b8fae41b0e85dbc78     
v.解释(陈述、行为等)( construe的过去式和过去分词 );翻译,作句法分析
参考例句:
  • He considered how the remark was to be construed. 他考虑这话该如何理解。
  • They construed her silence as meaning that she agreed. 他们把她的沉默解释为表示赞同。 来自《简明英汉词典》
65 finalized 73d0ccbca69b94ee4cd7fc367a8ac9fc     
vt.完成(finalize的过去式与过去分词形式)
参考例句:
  • The draft of this article has been finalized [done]. 这篇文章已经定稿。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • The draft was revised several times before it was finalized. 稿子几经删改才定下来。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
66 pointed Il8zB4     
adj.尖的,直截了当的
参考例句:
  • He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
  • She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。
67 rectification NUwx3     
n. 改正, 改订, 矫正
参考例句:
  • The process of producing a shift of the average value is called rectification. 产生平均值移动的过程叫做整流。
  • This effect, in analogy to its radiofrequency counterpart, is known as optical rectification. 同它的射频对应物相仿,这种现象称为光学整流。
68 penalized c88c37e7a177d0a347c36794aa587e91     
对…予以惩罚( penalize的过去式和过去分词 ); 使处于不利地位
参考例句:
  • You will be penalized for poor spelling. 你拼写不好将会受到处罚。
  • Team members will be penalized for lateness. 队员迟到要受处罚。
69 infringing 9830a3397dcc37350ee4c468f7bfe45a     
v.违反(规章等)( infringe的现在分词 );侵犯(某人的权利);侵害(某人的自由、权益等)
参考例句:
  • The material can be copied without infringing copyright. 这份材料可以复制,不会侵犯版权。
  • The media is accused of infringing on people's privacy. 人们指责媒体侵犯了大家的隐私。 来自《简明英汉词典》
70 explicitly JtZz2H     
ad.明确地,显然地
参考例句:
  • The plan does not explicitly endorse the private ownership of land. 该计划没有明确地支持土地私有制。
  • SARA amended section 113 to provide explicitly for a right to contribution. 《最高基金修正与再授权法案》修正了第123条,清楚地规定了分配权。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
71 confiscated b8af45cb6ba964fa52504a6126c35855     
没收,充公( confiscate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Their land was confiscated after the war. 他们的土地在战后被没收。
  • The customs officer confiscated the smuggled goods. 海关官员没收了走私品。
72 applicants aaea8e805a118b90e86f7044ecfb6d59     
申请人,求职人( applicant的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。
  • He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。
73 formats 57e77c4c0b351cea2abb4e8b0042b074     
n.(出版物的)版式( format的名词复数 );[电视]电视节目的总安排(或计划)
参考例句:
  • They are producing books in all kinds of different formats. 他们出版各种不同开本的书籍。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • A true GUI includes standard formats for representing text and graphics. 真正的图形用户界面包括表示文字和图形的标准格式。 来自互联网
74 mete t1xyy     
v.分配;给予
参考例句:
  • Schools should not mete out physical punishment to children.学校不应该体罚学生。
  • Duly mete out rewards and punishments.有赏有罚。
75 concealment AvYzx1     
n.隐藏, 掩盖,隐瞒
参考例句:
  • the concealment of crime 对罪行的隐瞒
  • Stay in concealment until the danger has passed. 把自己藏起来,待危险过去后再出来。
76 alteration rxPzO     
n.变更,改变;蚀变
参考例句:
  • The shirt needs alteration.这件衬衣需要改一改。
  • He easily perceived there was an alteration in my countenance.他立刻看出我的脸色和往常有些不同。
77 handout dedxA     
n.散发的文字材料;救济品
参考例句:
  • I read the handout carefully.我仔细看了这份分发的资料。
  • His job was distributing handout at the street-corner.他的工作是在街头发传单。
78 preservation glnzYU     
n.保护,维护,保存,保留,保持
参考例句:
  • The police are responsible for the preservation of law and order.警察负责维持法律与秩序。
  • The picture is in an excellent state of preservation.这幅画保存得极为完好。
79 offset mIZx8     
n.分支,补偿;v.抵消,补偿
参考例句:
  • Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。
  • He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。
80 penalizing 131b6b7509f81de83730275d15a0bbea     
对…予以惩罚( penalize的现在分词 ); 使处于不利地位
参考例句:
  • This is more than just penalizing a company that you are mad at. 她说:这将远远超过惩罚一个你感到不满的公司。
81 supplementary 0r6ws     
adj.补充的,附加的
参考例句:
  • There is a supplementary water supply in case the rain supply fails.万一主水源断了,我们另外有供水的地方。
  • A supplementary volume has been published containing the index.附有索引的增补卷已经出版。
82 promulgation d84236859225737e91fa286907f9879f     
n.颁布
参考例句:
  • The new law comes into force from the day of its promulgation. 新法律自公布之日起生效。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Article 118 These Regulations shall come into effect from the day of their promulgation. 第一百一十八条本条例自公布之日起实施。 来自经济法规部分
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