全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改《中华人民共和国海关法》的决定 附：修正本 Decision of the Standing¹ Committee of the National People's Congress on Revision of the Customs Law of the People's Congress on Revision of the Customs Law of the People's Republic of China

(Adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on July 8, 2000)
颁布日期：20000708 　实施日期：20010101 　颁布单位：全国人大常委会

　　Order of the President of the People's Republic of China

　　No. 35

　　The Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Revision of the Customs Law of the People's Republic of China, adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on July 8,2000, is hereby promulgated² and shall go into effect as of January 1,2001.

　　Jiang Zemin

　　President of the People's Republic of China

　　July 8, 2000

　　At its 16th meeting, the standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress decides to make the following revision of the Customs Law of the People's Republic of China:

　　1. Article 2 is revised as follows: "The Customs of the People's Republic of china is a State organ responsible for supervision³ and control over all arrivals in and departures from the Customs territory (hereinafter referred to as the territory in short). It shall, in accordance with this Law and other related laws and administrative⁴ regulations, exercise control over the means of transport, goods, travellers' luggage, postal⁵ items and other articles entering or leaving the territory (hereinafter referred to as inward and outward means of transport, goods and articles in short), collect Customs duties and other taxes and fees, prevent and suppress smuggling⁶, prepare Customs statistics and handle other Customs operations."

　　2. One article is added as Article 4: "In the general Customs Administration, the State sets up a special police department, which is in charge of the investigation⁷ of offences of smuggling and is staffed with professional anticontraband policemen, who are responsible for conducting investigations⁸, making detentions¹⁰ and arrests, and carrying out preliminary inquiries¹¹ into smuggling cases under the jurisdiction¹² of the said department.

　　"The police department responsible for the investigation of smuggling offences shall, in accordance in with the Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, perform its duties of conducting investigations, making detentions and arrests and carrying out preliminary inquiries.

　　"The police department responsible for the investigation of smuggling offences may, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the Stat, set up its branch offices, which shall, in accordance with law, hand over to the competent People's Procuratorate for prosecution¹³ the smuggling cases which are under their jurisdiction and the investigation of which they have completed.

　　"Local public security organs at different levels shall cooperate with the Customs police department responsible for the investigation of smuggling offences in the latter's performance of its duties in accordance with law."

　　3. One article is added as Article 5: " The State maintains an anticontraband mechanism¹⁴ under which joint¹⁵ action is to be taken, smuggling cases are to be handled in a unified¹⁶ manner and smuggling is to be suppressed in an all-round way. The Customs is responsible for mobilizing, coordinating¹⁷ and regulating efforts against smuggling. The regulations in this regard shall be formulated¹⁸ separately by the State Council.

　　"Smuggling cases discovered by relevant administrative law-enforcement departments and involving administrative penalties shall by handed over to the Customs for its handling in accordance with law; suspected offences shall be transferred to the Customs police department responsible for the investigation of smuggling offences and local public security organs to be dealt with according to the divisions of their jurisdiction and to legal procedures."

　　4. Article 4 is changed as Article 6 and subparagraph(1) is revised as follows: "(1) to check inward and outward means of transport, examine inward and outward goods and articles, and detain those entering or leaving the territory in violation¹⁹ of this Law or other relevant laws and administrative regulations;"

　　Subparagraph (2) is revised as follows: "(2)to examine the identification documents of persons entering or leaving the territory, interrogate²⁰ the persons suspected of violating this Law or other relevant laws and administrative regulations and investigate the illegal activities of such persons;"

　　Subparagraph(3) is revised as follows: "(3) to examine and duplicate contracts, invoices²¹, account books, bills, records, documents, business letters and cables, audio and video products and other material that are related to the inward and outward means of transport, goods and articles, and detain those involved in the means of transports, goods or articles entering or leaving the territory in violation of this Law or other relevant laws and administrative regulations;"

　　Subparagraph(4) is revised as follows:"(4) to search, within a Customs surveillance zone and the specified²² coastal²³ or border area in the vicinity of a Customs office, the means of transport suspected of being involved in smuggling, and the places suspected of concealing²⁴ smuggled²⁵ goods and articles, and search the body of the persons suspected of smuggling; to detain, with the approval of the director of a Customs office directly under the General Customs Administration or the director of a Customs office subordinate to and authorized²⁶ by the former, the means of transport, goods or articles suspected of being involved in smuggling, and the persons suspected of being guilty of smuggling ; the length of time for detention⁹ of the persons suspected of being guilty if smuggling shall be not longer than 24 hours, which may be extended to 48 hours under special circumstances.

　　"when investigating smuggling cases beyond the Customs surveillance zone and the specified coastal or border area in the vicinity of a Customs office, the Customs may, with the approval of the director of a Customs office directly under the General Customs Administration or the director of a Customs office subordinate to and authorized by the former, search the means of transport suspected of being involved in smuggling and, with the exception of citizens' residence, the places suspected of concealing smuggled goods or articles, which shall be conducted in the presence of the parties concerned. Where the parties fail to show up, the Customs may effect the search in the presence of witnesses and may detain the means of transport, goods or articles suspected of smuggling which is supported by evidence.

　　"The specified coastal or border area in the vicinity of a Customs office shall be delimited by the General Customs Administration and the public security department under the State Council in conjunction with the relevant people's government at the provincial²⁷ level;"

　　One subparagraph is added as subparagraph (5): "(5) When investigating smuggling cases, the Customs may, with the approval of the director of a Customs office directly under the General Customs Administration or the director of the Customs office subordinate to and authorized by the former, check up on the bank accounts and remittances²⁸ the suspected entities²⁹ and persons have in financial institutions or postal services;"

　　One subparagraph is added as subparagraph (8): "(8) to exercise other powers given to the Customs by law and administrative regulations."

　　5. One article is added as Article 7: "Local authorities and all departments shall support the Customs offices in exercising their functions and powers according to law; they may not illegally interfere³⁰ in the Customs enforcement of law."

　　6. The first and the second paragraphs of Article 6 are changed as Article 9 and the first paragraph is revised as follows: "Unless otherwise provided for, the declaration of import or export goods and the payment of duties may be made by the consignees or consignees or consigners themselves, and such formalities may also be completed by their entrusted³² Customs brokers³⁴ that have registered with the permission of the Customs."

　　7. The third paragraph of Article 6 are changed as Article 10 and revised as follows: "Any Customs broker³³ entrusted by the consignee³¹ or consigner for import or export goods to complete Customs formalities in the name of the principal shall produce to the Customs a letter of authorization³⁵ signed by the principal and abide³⁶ by all the provisions of this Law governing the principal.

　　"Where a Customs broker entrusted by the consignee or consigner for import or export goods and completes the Customs formalities in its own name, it shall bear the same legal liability as the consignee or consigner shall do.

　　"The principal that entrusts³⁷ a Customs broker to complete the Customs formalities shall provide the broker with true information regarding the items it entrusts the broker to declare to the Customs. The Customs broker so entrusted shall, as appropriate, verify the authenticity³⁸ of the information provided by the principal."

　　8. One article is added as Article 11: "The consignees or consigners for import or export goods and the Customs brokers engaged in Customs declaration shall register with the Customs according to law. Individuals engaged in Customs declaration are required to obtain the qualifications in this field in accordance with law. No broker that has not registered with the Customs in accordance with law and no individual that has not obtained the qualifications for Customs declaration may engage in work in this field.

　　"No Customs brokers or individuals engaged in Customs declaration may illegally make Customs declaration on behalf of others or go beyond their scope of business."

　　9. The second and the third paragraphs of Article 7 are changed as Article 12 and revised as follows: "When the Customs performs its duty in accordance with law, the entity³⁹ or individual concerned shall give true answers to inquiries made by the Customs and be cooperative. No entity or individual may obstruct⁴⁰ the Customs in the course of performing its duty.

　　"Where Customs officers meet with violent resistance while performing their duty, public security organs and the People's Armed Police units performing related tasks shall provide assistance."

　　10. Article 58 is changed as Article 13 and revised as follows: "The Customs shall establish a system whereby any activities designed to evade⁴¹ Customs control in violation of the provisions of this Law shall be reported.

　　"All entities and individuals shall have the right to report to the Customs activities violating the provisions of this Law.

　　"The Customs shall give moral encouragement or material rewards to entities or individuals that perform meritorious⁴² deeds in reporting offences against this Law or helping⁴³ to track down and seize the offenders⁴⁴.

　　" The Customs shall keep the reporters secret."

　　11. Article 18 is changed as Article 24 and revised as follows: "The consignee for import goods and the consigner for export goods shall make a truthful⁴⁵ declaration and submit the import or export license⁴⁶ and relevant papers to the Customs for inspection⁴⁷. In the absence of an import or export license, no goods whose importation is restricted by the State may be released. Specific measures for handling such matters shall be formulated by the State Council.

　　"Declaration of import goods shall be made to the Customs by the consignee within 14 days from the date of the declaration of the arrival of the means of transport, and declaration of export goods shall be made by the consigner upon the arrival of the goods at the Customs surveillance zone and 24 hours prior to loading, unless otherwise specially⁴⁸ approved by the Customs.

　　"Where the consignee fails to declare the import goods within the time limit prescribed in the preceding paragraph, a fee for delayed declaration shall be imposed by the Customs."

　　12. One article is added as Article 25: "Declaration forms made of paper or electronic means shall be used for completing Customs formalities for import and export goods."

　　13. One article is added as Article 26: "After acceptance by the Customs, the declaration forms and documents as well as their contents may not be changed or withdrawn⁴⁹ unless the reason given is really justifiable⁵¹ and the Customs approves."

　　14. One article is added as Article 27: "Prior to declaration, the consignee for the import goods may, upon approval of the Customs, check the goods or draw samples. Samples of good that need to be quarantined according to law shall be drawn⁵⁰ after the goods pass the quarantine."

　　15. Article 21 is changed as Article 30 and the first paragraph is revised as follows: "Where the consignee for import goods fails to declare the import goods to the Customs within three months from the date of the declaration of the arrival of the means of transport, the goods shall be taken over and sold off by the Customs in accordance with law. After the costs of transports, loading, unloading and storage and the duties and taxes are deducted⁵³ from the money obtained from the sale, the remaining sum, if any, shall be returned to the consignee provided that he submits an application to the Customs within one year from the date of the sale of the goods; the remaining sum for those goods the importation of which is restricted by the State and a license for which is required but cannot be provided shall not be returned. In cases where nobody applies within the time limit or the sum is not to be returned, the money shall be turned over to the State Treasury⁵⁴."

　　16. Article 23 is changed as Article 32 and is revised as follows: "Anyone who wishes to engage in storing, processing, assembling, exhibiting, transporting or consigning⁵⁵ bonded⁵⁶ goods or running duty free shops shall meet the requirements for Customs control and obtain approval from and register with the Customs.

　　"For the transfer of ownership of the bonded goods, their shift to other places, or their entering or leaving the bonded premises⁵⁷, relevant Customs formalities shall be completed, and the matter shall be subject to Customs control and examination."

　　17. One article is added as Article 33: "Enterprises that are engaged in processing trade are required to register with the Customs with the relevant documents of approval and contracts for processing trade. The material consumption per finished product for the processing trade shall be assessed and fixed⁵⁸ by the Customs in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　"The finished products for processing trade shall be exported within the specified time limit. For those imported materials used for the purpose that are bonded with approval given in accordance with State regulations, formalities for the records of bond shall be written off with the Customs;where duties are collected in advance, formalities for the drawback of the duties paid shall be completed with the Customs in accordance with law.

　　"Where the bonded materials imported for processing trade or the finished products that are, for one reason or another, sold on the domestic market instead of exported, the Customs shall, on the basis of the documents of approval for domestic marketing⁵⁹ and in accordance with law, levy⁶⁰ duties on the said imported materials. For materials the importation of which is restricted by State regulations, certificates of import license shall, in addition, be produced to the Customs."

　　18. One article is added as Article 34: "Control over the special Customs surveillance zones, such as the bonded areas established in the territory of the People's Republic of China with the approval of the State Council, shall be exercised by the Customs in accordance with relevant State regulations"

　　19. The first and the second paragraphs of Article 26 are changed as Article 37 and revised as follows: "Without permission of the Customs, no goods under Customs control may be opened, taken, delivered, forwarded, transposed, repacked, mortgaged, hypothecated or held as a lien⁶¹, nor may their ownership be transferred or their labels replaced, nor may they be used for other purposes or disposed of by other means.

　　"No seals affixed⁶² by the Customs may be opened or broken by any person without Customs authorization.

　　"Before a People's Court proceeds to make a judgement or ruling with regard to the goods under Customs control or an administrative law- enforcing authority concerned makes a decision to dispose of such goods, it shall order the person concerned to complete all necessary Customs formalities."

　　20. The third and the fourth paragraphs of Article 26 are changed as Article 38 and revised as follows: "The enterprises engaged in storing goods that are under Customs control shall register with the Customs and complete the formalities for receipt and delivery of goods in accordance with Customs regulations.

　　"The storage of goods under Customs control at a place outside a Customs surveillance zone shall be subject to Customs approval and control.

　　"Where the provisions of the two preceding paragraphs are violated or damage or loss is caused to the goods under Customs control during the period when the said goods are being kept, unless caused by force majeure, the person who is obligated to keep the goods shall perform the obligation of paying the appropriate duties and bear legal liability."

　　21. One article is added as Article 40: "With regard to inward and outward goods and articles which are banned or restricted by State regulations, the Customs shall exercise control over them in accordance with laws, administrative regulations, regulations laid down by the State Council, or regulations laid down by the relevant departments under the State Council as authorized by laws or administrative regulations. Specific measures for such control shall be formulated by the General Customs Administration."

　　22. One article is added as Article 41: "The origin of inward and outward goods shall be determined⁶³ in accordance with the State rules of origin."

　　23. One article is added as Article 42: "Import and export goods shall be classified in accordance with the State regulations regarding the classification of commodities.

　　"The Customs may ask the consignee for import goods and the consigner for export goods to provide it with information needed for determining their classification. Whenever necessary, the Customs may make arrangements for analysis and inspection and take the results it confirms as the basis for classification."

　　24. One article is added as Article 43: "The Customs may, on the basis of the written application submitted by the person engaged in foreign trade, make an administrative ruling in advance regarding such matters as classification of the goods to be imported or exported.

　　"The administrative ruling regarding the classification of commodities shall be applicable to similar goods to be imported or exported."

　　"The administrative ruling regarding such matters as the classification of commodities made by the Customs shall be promulgated."

　　25. One article is added as Article 44: "The Customs shall, in accordance with laws an administrative regulations, protect the intellectual property right relating to import and export goods.

　　"Where it is necessary to declare to the Customs the status of intellectual property right, the consignee for import goods and the consigner for export goods as well as their agents shall, in accordance with State regulations, make a truthful declaration to the Customs and produce supporting documents for the lawful⁶⁴ the lawful use of the right."

　　26. One article is added as Article 45: "The Customs may, within the period of three years from the date of release of import or export goods or within the period when the bonded goods or the import goods the duties on which are reduced or remitted⁶⁵ are under Customs control and three years thereafter, examine the account books, accounting⁶⁶ vouchers⁶⁷, declaration documents, other relevant information and import and export goods of the enterprises and institutions directly related to the import and export goods.The specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council."

　　27. Article 34 is changed as Article 52 and revised as follows:" Inward and outward articles for official or personal use by foreign missions or personnel enjoying diplomatic privileges and immunities⁶⁸ shall be dealt with in accordance with relevant laws and administrative regulations."

　　28. Article 35 is changed as Article 53 and revised as follows: "Customs duties shall, in accordance with law, be levied⁶⁹ by the Customs on goods permitted to be imported or exported and on articles permitted to enter or leave the territory."

　　29. Article 38 is changed as Article 55 and revised as follows: "The dutiable price for import and export goods shall be determined after examination by the Customs on the bases of the transaction value of the goods. Where it is impossible to ascertain⁷⁰ the transaction value, the dutiable price shall be assessed by the Customs in accordance with law.

　　"The dutiable price for import goods shall consist of the value of the goods, the cost of transport and the charges associated with the transport of the goods and the cost of insurance, which are paid before the goods are unloaded at the entering point of the territory of the People's Republic of China; the dutiable price for export goods shall consist of the value of the goods, the cost of transport and the charges associated with the transport of the goods, which are paid before the goods are loaded at the leaving point of the territory of the People's Republic of China, as well as the cost of insurance-from all of which the amount of export duties shall be deducted.

　　"The dutiable price for inward and outward articles shall be determined by the Customs in accordance with law."

　　30. Articles 40 and 41 are amalgamated⁷¹ as Article 57 and revised as follows: "Duty reduction or exemption⁷² may be granted to import and export goods of specific areas and specific enterprises or for specific purposes. The scope of and the measures for such reduction or exemption shall be defined and formulated by the State Council.

　　"All import goods to which duty reduction or exemption is granted in accordance with the preceding paragraph shall be used only in specific areas and specific enterprises or for specific purposes. They may not be used otherwise unless Customs approval is obtained and duties are duly paid."

　　31. Article 42 is changed as Article 58 and revised as : " Temporary duty reduction or exemption to be granted to goods other than the ones as specified in Article 56 and the first paragraph of Article 57 of this Law shall be decided⁷³ by the State Council."

　　32. Article 37 is changed as Article 60 and revised as: "The person obligated to pay Customs duties for import or export goods shall pay the duties within 15 days from the date the Customs issues the memorandum⁷⁴ of payment. If the person fails to do so within the time limit, a fee for delayed payment shall be imposed by the Customs. Where the person obligated to pay Customs duties fails to do so or the bondsman fails to provide the bond within three months, the Customs may, upon approval of the director of the Customs office directly under the General Customs Administration or the director of a Customs office subordinate to and authorized by the former, take the following enforcement measures:

　　"(1)to notify in writing the bank where the person or bondsman concerned has opened an account or other financial institution to deduct⁵² the amount of duties due from his deposits;

　　"(2) to sell off the dutiable goods in accordance with law to offset⁷⁵ the duties payable⁷⁶ with the proceeds; and

　　"(3)to detain and sell off in accordance with law the goods or other property of the person or bondsman concerned to the tune⁷⁷ of the duties payable to offset the duties with the proceeds;

　　"While taking enforcement measures, the Customs shall, by compulsory⁷⁸ means, make the obligatory⁷⁹ duty payer or the bondsman who fails to pay the fine for delayed payment of duties or provision of bond do so.

　　"The person obligated to pay duty for inward or outward articles shall do so prior to release of the articles."

　　33. One article is added as Article 61:" Where during the period specified for the person obligated to pay Customs duties for import or export goods there are obvious indications that the person is transferring or concealing the dutiable goods and other property, the Customs may order the obligatory duty payer to provide a bond. Where the duty payer cannot provide a bond for duty payment, the Customs may, upon approval of the director of the Customs office directly under the General Customs Administration or the authorized director of a subordinate Customs office subordinate to and authorized by the former, take the following protective measures for collection of the duties:

　　"(1)to notify in writing the bank where the obligatory duty payer has opened an account or other financial institution to suspend payment of the amount of the deposits equal to the duties payable; and

　　"(2)to detain the goods or other property of the duty payer equal to the value of the duties payable.

　　"As soon as the obligatory duty payer pays the duties within the specified time limit , the Customs shall repeal⁸⁰ the protective measures for collection of the duties. If, at the expiration⁸¹ of the time limit, the duty payer fails to pay the duties, the Customs may, upon approval of the director of the Customs office directly under the General Customs Administration or the director of a Customs office subordinate to and authorized by the former, notify in writing the bank where the duty payer has opened an account or other financial institution to deduct the amount of the duties due from the deposits the payment of which is suspended or, in accordance with law, sell off the detained goods or other property to offset the duties with the proceeds.

　　"If the protective measures for collection of duties adopted by the Customs are inappropriate, or if the Customs fails to repeal such measures when the obligatory duty payer has paid the duties within the time limit, so that the lawful rights and interests of the duty payer suffer losses, the Customs shall bear the liability to pay compensation in accordance with law."

　　34. Article 46 is changed as Article 64: "Where the obligatory duty payer is involved in a dispute over duty payment with the Customs, he shall pay the duties and may apply for administrative reconsideration in accordance with law; if he is not satisfied with the decision made after the reconsideration, he may file a suit in a People's Court in accordance with law."

　　35. One article is added as Article 65: " The regulations for collection of Customs duties shall be applicable to the collection of taxes by the Customs on behalf of other government departments for import good."

　　36. One chapter, "Customs Bond", is added as Chapter VI.

　　37. One article is added as Article 66: "If, before the classification of the goods is determined, their value is assessed, effective declaration documents are presented or other Customs formalities are completed, the consignee or consigner asks the Customs to release the goods, the Customs shall release the goods after the consignee or consigner provides a bond which is commensurate with the legal obligation he is required to perform according to law. A bond may be dispensed⁸² with where it is so provided for by laws or administrative regulations.

　　"Where it is otherwise stipulated⁸³ in laws and administrative regulations with respect to the bond for the obligation of completing Customs formalities, the provisions there shall prevail.

　　" Where the importation or exportation of goods or articles is restricted by State regulations or the license required cannot be presented, or in other cases where bond is not allowed according to the laws and administrative regulations, the Customs may not release the goods or articles against any bond."

　　38. One article is added as Article 67: "Any legal person, other organization or citizen that is capable of fulfilling a customs bond may become a bondsman except where it is otherwise provided for by law."

　　39. One article as added as Article 68: "A bondsman may offer bond with the following property and rights:

　　"(1)Renminbi (RMB) and free convertible⁸⁴ currencies;

　　"(2)draft, cashier's check, check, debenture⁸⁵ and certificate of deposit;

　　"(3)letter of guarantee issued by a bank or a non-banking financial institution; and

　　"(4)other property and rights approved by the Customs in accordance with law.

　　40. One article is added as Article 69: "The bondsman shall, within the bond period, bear the responsibility for bond. Where the bondsman performs his responsibility, the bonded person shall not be freed from his obligation to complete Customs formalities."

　　41. One article is added as Article 70: "Administrative measures for Customs bond shall be formulated by the State Council."

　　42. One chapter, "Supervision over Law-Enforcement", is added as Chapter VII.

　　43. One article is added as Article 71: "In performing its duties, the Customs shall abide by laws, safeguard national interests, enforce the law strictly⁸⁶ in accordance with the statutory functions and powers and the legal procedures, and accept supervision."

　　44. The first paragraph of Article 7 is changed as Article 72: "Customs officers shall enforce the law impartially⁸⁸, be honest and self-disciplined, devote themselves to their duties, render services with civility , and they may not commit any and they following acts:

　　"(1) to shield or connive⁸⁹ at smuggling or collude with others in smuggling;

　　"(2) to illegally restrict others' personal freedom, search the body, domiciles or places of others, inspect or detain inward or outward means of transport, goods or articles;

　　"(3)to seek private ends for themselves or others by taking advantage of their powers;

　　"(4) to extort⁹⁰ or accept bribes⁹¹;

　　"(5) to divulge⁹² State, commercial or Customs secrets;

　　"(6) to abuse their powers, intentionally⁹³ create difficulties in or procrastinate⁹⁴ the control and inspection process;

　　"(7)to purchase, divide up among themselves or appropriate confiscated⁹⁶ smuggled goods or articles;

　　"(8)to participate in, or do so in disguised form, profit-making business;

　　"(9)to perform their duties in violation of legal procedures or beyond the limits of their posers; or

　　"(10)other acts against the law."

　　45. One article is added as Article 73: "The Customs shall, according to the need for performing its duties in compliance⁹⁷ with laws, strengthen its contingent⁹⁸, so that the Customs officers are armed with good political and professional qualifications.

　　"The professional staff of the Customs shall have legal and relevant professional knowledge and meet the job requirements set by the Customs for professional posts.

　　"When recruiting staff, the Customs shall, in accordance with State regulations, hold examinations openly, make strict assessment⁹⁹ and employ those who pass the examinations.

　　"The Customs shall make plans for conducting training among its officers in respect of political and ideological¹⁰⁰ education, the legal system and the work of the Customs. The Customs officers shall be trained and assessed regularly; those who are proved disqualified by assessment shall discontinue performing their duties at their posts."

　　46. One article is added as Article 74: "The General Customs Administration shall implement¹⁰¹ a system under which the directors of the Customs are rotated regularly.

　　"The directors of the Customs at lower levels shall report to the directors of the Customs at the next higher level on their work, giving a truthful statement of their performance of duties. The General Customs Administration shall make regular assessment of the directors of the Customs offices directly under it, and the latter shall do the same with regard to the directors of the Customs offices subordinate to them."

　　47. One article is added as Article 75: "The administrative enforcement of laws by the Customs and its officers shall be subject to supervision by the supervisory authority in accordance with law; when conducting investigations, the anti-smuggling police shall be subject to supervision by the People's Procuratorates."

　　48. One article is added as Article 76: "The auditing¹⁰³ authority shall, in accordance with law, exercise supervision by auditing the revenues and expenditures¹⁰⁴ of the Customs, and it has the power to investigate, by auditing, the special items which are related to the revenues and expenditures of the State and are handled by the Customs."

　　49. One article is added as Article 77: "The Customs at a higher level shall exercise supervision over the administration of law by the Customs at the lower level. Where the Customs at the higher level considers the settlement or decision made by the Customs at a lower level inappropriate, it may modify or replace it."

　　50. One article is added as Article 78: "The Customs shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Law and other relevant laws and administrative regulations, establish and improve an internal system for supervision, exercising supervision over and inspection of its staff members as to how they implement the laws and administrative regulations and observe discipline."

　　51. One article is added as Article 79: "The responsibilities and powers of the key posts for document examination, inspection, release of goods, checking and investigation conducted inside the Customs shall be clearly defined, and be separate from each other and mutually restricting."

　　52. One article is added as Article 80: "Any entity and individual shall have the right to accuse and report the violations¹⁰⁵ of laws and rules of discipline committed by the Customs or its staff members. Where the authority that receives such accusations¹⁰⁶ and reports has the power to handle them, it shall, in accordance with law and the division of responsibilities, conduct investigation and handle them without delay. The authority that receives the accusations and reports and the authority that is responsible for investigating and handling them shall keep the accusers and reporters secret."

　　53. One article is added as Article 81: "When investigating and handling a case of violation of law, the staff members of the Customs shall withdraw in any of the following situations:

　　"(1) where he is a party or a close relative of a party to the case;

　　"(2) where he or his close relative has an interest in the case; or

　　"(3) where he has other relationships with a party to the case, which may affect the impartial⁸⁷ handling of the case."

　　54. Articles 47 and 48 are amalgamated as Article 82 and revised as follows: "Anyone who, in violation of this Law and other relevant laws or administrative regulations, commits any of the following acts by evading¹⁰⁷ Customs control, duties payable, or State control over the goods or articles the importation or exportation of which is prohibited or restricted is committing smuggling:

　　"(1)to transport, carry or mail into or out of the territory goods or articles the importation or exportation of which is prohibited or restricted by the State or goods or articles for which duties are payable according to law;

　　"(2) to sell within the territory, without Customs permission and without payment of the payable duties or without producing relevant licenses¹⁰⁸, bonded goods, goods listed for specific duty reduction or exemption and other goods, articles or inward foreign means of transport under Customs control; or

　　"(3)to commit other acts by evading Customs control that constitute smuggling.

　　"Anyone who commits any of the acts listed in the preceding paragraph, which is not serious enough to constitute a crime, the Customs shall confiscate⁹⁵ the smuggled goods, articles and illegal gains and it may also impose a fine on the person; the Customs shall confiscate the goods or articles that are specially or repeatedly used for shielding smuggling and the means of transport that are specially or repeatedly used for smuggling, and it shall order that the equipment specially made for concealing smuggled goods or articles be demolished¹⁰⁹ or confiscated them.

　　"Anyone who commits any of the acts listed in the first paragraph, which constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law."

　　55. Article 49 is changed as Article 83 and revised as follows: "Any of the following acts shall be dealt with as smuggling and punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 82 of this Law:

　　"(1) to purchase directly and illegally from smugglers the goods or articles imported by smuggling; or

　　"(2) for any vessels¹¹⁰ or persons aboard on inland seas, territorial¹¹¹ waters, boundary rivers or boundary lakes to transport, purchase or sell goods or articles the importation or exportation of which is prohibited or restricted by the State or, without lawful documents, transport, purchase or sell goods for which duties should be paid in accordance with law."

　　56. One article is added as Article 84: "Anyone who counterfeits¹¹², adulterates, purchases or sells Customs documents, conspires¹¹³ with smugglers and provides them with loans, funds, account numbers, invoices, certificates or Customs documents or conspires with smugglers and provides them with transport, storage, mailing or other conveniences, which constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law; here the case is not serious enough to constitute a crime, the Customs shall confiscate the illegal gains and it may also impose a fine on the person."

　　57. Article 51 is changed as Article 86 and subparagraph (10) is revised as follows: "(10)without Customs permission to open, take, deliver, forward, transpose, repack, mortgage, hypothecate, hold as a lien, transfer the ownership of or replace the labels o the goods under Customs control, or use them for other purposes, or dispose of them by other means;"

　　One subparagraph is added as subparagraph (12): "for an entity or individual engaged in such businesses as transportation, storage and processing of goods subjected to Customs control to fail to produce justifiable reasons for the loss of related goods or the untruthfulness of the related records;"

　　One subparagraph is added as subparagraph (13): "(13) to commit other acts in violation of the regulations for Customs control."

　　58. One article is added as Article 87: "Where and enterprise permitted by the Customs to engage in related businesses violates the relevant provisions of this Law, the Customs shall order it to rectify¹¹⁴ and may give it a disciplinary warning, suspend it from engaging in the related businesses or revoke¹¹⁵ its registration¹¹⁶."

　　59. One article is added as article 88: "Any entity or individual that, without Customs registration or the qualifications for such declaration, engages in declaration at the Customs shall be banned by the Customs, the illegal gains shall be confiscated, and a fine may also be imposed on the entity or individual."

　　60. One article is added as Article 89: "Where a Customs clearing enterprise or individual that illegally declares to the Customs on behalf of others or conducts declaration beyond the scope of its or his businesses, the Customs may order it or him to rectify, impose a fine on it or him or suspend it or him from the business; if the circumstances are serious the Customs may revoke its declaration registration or his qualifications for declaration."

　　61. One article is added as Article 90: "Where the consignee for import goods or the consigner for export goods, the Customs clearing enterprise or individual bribes the staff members of the Customs, the Customs shall revoke its declaration registration or his qualifications and it may also impose a fine. Where a crime is constituted, the enterprise or individual shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law and shall not be allowed to re-register with the Customs as a clearing enterprise or to be granted qualification certificate for Customs declaration."

　　62. One article is added as Article 91: "Where an entity that, in violation of the provisions of this Law, imports or exports goods, which constitutes an infringement¹¹⁷ on the intellectual property rights protected by laws and administrative regulations of the People's republic of China, the Customs shall confiscate the said goods and impose a fine on it; if the violation constitutes a crime, the entity shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law."

　　63. Article 52 is changed as Article 92 and revised as follows: "No goods, articles or means of transport detained by the Customs in accordance with law may be disposed of before the People's Court makes a judgement or the Customs makes a penalty decision. However, hazardous¹¹⁸ goods or such goods or articles not suitable for storage for a long time as fresh and live ones, perishable¹¹⁹ ones and ones easy to lose effectiveness and goods, articles or means of transport which the owner applies to sell off in advance may, upon approval by the director of the Customs directly under the General Customs Administration or the director of a Customs office subordinate to and authorized by the former, be sold off in advance in accordance with law, and the Customs shall keep the proceeds thus obtained and inform the owner of the fact.

　　"The smuggled goods or articles, the illegal proceeds obtained therefrom and the means of transport and the equipment specially made for smuggling-which the People's Court decides by judgement to confiscate or the Customs decides to confiscate-shall all be disposed of by the Customs in accordance with law, the money thus obtained and the fine imposed by decision of the Customs shall all be turned over to the State Treasury."

　　64. Article 53 is changed as Article 93 and revised as follows: "Where the party concerned refuses to carry out the Customs' penalty decision and fails to apply for a reconsideration of the case or file a suit in a People's Court within the specified time limit , the Customs that makes the penalty decision may substitute the party's bond for the penalty or, in accordance with law, substitute the detained goods, articles or means of transport of the party at the current price for the penalty, or apply to the People's Court for compulsory execution of the decision."

　　65. One article is added as Article 95: "If the Customs, in violation of law, detains goods, articles or means of transport, thus causing losses to the lawful rights and interests of a party, it shall beat the liability to pay compensation in accordance with law."

　　66. Articles 55 and 56 are amalgamated as Article 96 and revised as follows: "Any staff member of the Customs who commits one of the acts listed in Article 72 of this Law shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law; the illegal gains, if any, shall be confiscated; if the case constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law."

　　67. One article is added as Article 97: "If the revenues and expenses of a Customs office are found to be in violation of laws or administrative regulations, the matter shall be dealt with by the audit¹⁰² authority and the relevant departments in accordance with laws and administrative regulations. The persons who are directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with law."

　　68. One article is added as Article 98 : "Any authority that fails to keep the accusers and reporters secret in accordance with the provisions of this Law, the persons who are directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with lay by the department to which they belong or by relevant departments."

　　69. One article is added as Article 99: "Where Customs staff members, when investigating and handling cases of violations, fail to withdraw in accordance with the provisions of this Law, the persons who are directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law."

　　70. Article 57 is changed as Article 100 and one subparagraph is added as the first subparagraph: "The term ' Customs office directly under the General Customs Administration ' refers to the Customs which is directly under the leadership of the General Customs Administration and responsible for the administration of the Customs work in a certain region. The term ' the Customs office subordinate ' refers to the Customs which is under the leadership of a Customs office directly under the General Customs Administration and is responsible for dealing¹²⁰ with specific Customs formalities."

　　The third subparagraph is changed as the fourth and revised as: "The term ' goods under Customs control ' refers to import and export goods, transit¹²¹ goods, transshipment goods and through goods listed in Article 23 of this law, specific goods granted with duty reduction or exemption, temporarily imported and exported goods, bonded goods and other inward and outward goods for which Customs formalities have not been completed."

　　71. Article 60 is deleted.

　　In addition, the words of part of the articles shall be modified according to this Decision.

　　This Decision shall enter into force as of January 1, 2001.

　　The Customs Law of the People's Republic of China shall be repromulgated after the revisions are made according to this Decision.

　　Appendix:

　　Customs Law of the People's Republic of China

　　(Adopted at the 19th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on January 22, 1987 and amended¹²² in accordance with the Decision Regarding Revision of the Customs Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on July 8, 2000)

　　Contents

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Chapter II Inward and Outward Means of Transport

　　Chapter III Inward and Outward Goods

　　Chapter IV Inward and Outward Articles

　　Chapter V Customs Duties

　　Chapter VI Customs Bond

　　Chapter VII Supervision over Law-enforcement

　　Chapter VIII Legal Responsibilities

　　Chapter IX Supplementary¹²³ Provisions

　　Chapter I

　　General Provisions

　　Article 1 This Law is formulated for the purpose of safeguarding State sovereignty and national interests, strengthening supervision and control by the Customs, promoting exchanges with foreign countries in economic affairs, trade, science, technology and culture, and ensuring socialist¹²⁴ modernization¹²⁵.

　　Article 2 The Customs of the People's Republic of China is a State organ responsible for supervision and control over all arrivals in and departures from the Customs territory (hereinafter referred to as the territory in short).It shall, in accordance with this Law and other related laws and administrative regulations, exercise control over the means of transport, goods, travellers' luggage, postal items and other articles entering or leaving the territory (hereinafter referred to as inward and outward means of transport, goods and articles in short),collect Customs duties and other taxes and fees, prevent and suppress smuggling, prepare Customs statistics and handle other Custom operations.

　　Article 3 The State Council sets up the General Customs Administration, which exercises unified administration of the Customs offices throughout the Country.

　　Customs offices are set up by the State at ports open to foreign trade and at places where concentrated Customs operations are required for supervision and control. The subordination of one Customs office to another shall not be restricted by administrative divisions.

　　The Customs offices exercise their functions and posers independently in accordance with law and are accountable to the General Customs Administration.

　　Article 4 In the General Customs Administration, the State sets up a special police department, which is in charge of the investigation of offences of smuggling and is staffed with professional anticontraband policemen, who are responsible for conducting investigations, making detentions and arrests, and carrying out preliminary inquiries into smuggling cases under the jurisdiction of the said department.

　　The police department responsible for the investigation of smuggling offences shall, in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, perform its duties of conducting investigations, making detentions and arrests and carrying out preliminary inquiries.

　　The police department responsible for the investigation of smuggling offences may, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State ,set up its branch offices, which shall, in accordance with law, hand over to the competent People's Procuratorate for prosecution the smuggling cases which are under their jurisdiction and the investigation of which they have completed.

　　Local public security organs at different levels shall cooperate with the Customs police department responsible for the investigation of smuggling offences in the latter's performance of its duties in accordance with law.

　　Article 5 The State maintains and anticontraband mechanism under which joint action is to be taken, smuggling cases are to be handled in a unified manner and smuggling is to be suppressed in an all-round way. The Customs is responsible for mobilizing, coordinating and regulating efforts against smuggling. The regulations in this regard shall be formulated separately by the State Council.

　　Smuggling cases discovered by relevant administrative law-enforcement departments and involving administrative penalties shall by handed over to the Customs for its handling in accordance with law; suspected offences shall be transferred to the Customs police department responsible for the investigation of smuggling offences and local public security organs to be dealt with according to the division of their jurisdiction and to legal procedures.

　　Article 6 The Customs shall exercise the following powers:

　　(1) to check inward and outward means of transport, examine inward and outward goods and articles, and detain those entering or leaving the territory in violation of this Law or other relevant laws and administrative regulations.

　　(2) to examine the identification documents of persons entering or leaving the territory, interrogate the persons suspected of violating this Law or other relevant laws and administrative regulations and investigate the illegal activities of such persons.

　　(3) to examine and duplicate contracts, invoices, account books, bills, records, documents, business letters and cables, audio and video products and other material that are related to the inward and outward means of transport, goods and article, and detain those involved in the means of transport, goods or articles entering or leaving the territory in violation of this Law or other relevant laws and administrative regulations.

　　(4) to search, within a Customs surveillance zone and the specified coastal or border area in the vicinity of a Customs office, the means of transport suspected of being involved in smuggling, and the places suspected of concealing smuggled goods and articles, and search the body of the persons suspected of smuggling; to detain, with the approval of the director of a Customs office directly under the General Customs Administration or the director of a Customs office subordinate to and authorized by the former, the means of transport, goods or articles suspected of being involved in smuggling, and the persons suspected of being guilty of smuggling; the length of time for detention of the persons suspected of being guilty of smuggling shall be not longer than 24 hours, which may be extended to 48 hours special circumstances.

　　When investigating smuggling cases beyond the Customs surveillance zone and the specified coastal or border in the vicinity of a Customs office, the Customs may, with the approval of the director of a Customs office directly under the General Customs Administration or the director of a Customs office subordinate to and authorized by the former, search the means of transport suspected of being involved in smuggling and, with the exception of citizens' residence, the places suspected of concealing smuggled goods or articles, which shall be conducted in the presence of the parties concerned. Where the parties fail to show up, the Customs may effect the search in the presence of witnesses and may detain the means of transport, goods or articles suspected of smuggling which is supported by evidence.

　　The specified coastal or border area in the vicinity of a Customs office shall be delimited by the General Customs Administration and the public security department under the State Council in conjunction with the relevant people's government at the provincial level.

　　(5) When investigating smuggling cases, the Customs may, with the approval of the director of a Customs office directly under the General Customs Administration or the director of the Customs office subordinate to and authorized by the former, check up on the bank accounts and remittances the suspected entities and persons have in financial institutions or postal services.

　　(6) to chase the means of transport or persons defying and escaping from Customs control to places beyond a Customs surveillance zone or the specified coastal or border area in the vicinity of a Customs officer and bring them back to be dealt with.

　　(7)to be provided with arms for the performance of its duties. Rules governing the carrying and use of arms by Customs officers shall be formulated by the General Customs Administration in conjunction with the public security department under the State Council and submitted to the State Council for approval.

　　(8)to exercise other powers given to the Customs by law and administrative regulations.

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