中国互联网络域名管理办法 Administration of China Internet Do_法律英语

中国互联网络域名管理办法 Administration of China Internet Do

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2007-07-04 01:02 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

信息产业部令第30号

（Promulgated¹ by the Ministry² of Information Industry on 5 November 2004 and effective as of 20 December 2004.）

颁布日期：20041105 　实施日期：20041220 　颁布单位：信息产业部

　　PART ONE　GENERAL PROVISIONS

　　Article 1　These Procedures are formulated⁵ in order to promote the healthy development of China's internet， to safeguard the secure and reliable operation of the Chinese internet domain⁶ name system and to standardize⁷ administration of the Chinese internet domain name system and domain name registration⁸ services in accordance with the relevant State provisions and in line with international standards on the administration of internet domain names.

　　Article 2　Registration of domain names and related activities within the People's Republic of China shall abide⁹ by these Procedures.

　　Article 3　Definitions of terms referred to in these Procedures shall be as follows：

　　1. Domain name： hierarchical character identifier recognizing and locating a computer on the internet that corresponds to that computer's internet protocol¹⁰ （IP）。

　　2. Chinese domain name： domain name containing Chinese characters.

　　3. Domain name root server： the server functioning as the root node in the domain name system.

　　4. Domain name root server operator： the institution responsible for operating， maintaining and administering the domain name root server.

　　5. Top-level domain name： name of the top-level domain under the root node in the domain name system.

　　6. Domain name registration administrator¹¹： the institution that undertakes the operation， maintenance and administration of top-level domain name system.

　　7. Domain name registration service provider： the institution that accepts applications to register domain names， and that directly registers domain names in the domestic top-level domain name database and directly or indirectly¹² registers domain names in overseas top-level domain name databases.

　　Article 4　The Ministry of Information Industry shall be responsible for the administration of China's internet domain names. Its principal duties shall be：

　　1. to formulate⁴ regulations and policy on administration of internet domain names；

　　2. to formulate a national （or local） top-level domain name .CN and Chinese domain name system；

　　3. to administer domain name root server operators that establish and operate domain name root servers （including mirror servers） within the People's Republic of China；

　　4. to administer domain name registration administrators¹³ and domain name registration service providers established within the People's Republic of China；

　　5. to oversee¹⁴ the registration of domain names； and

　　6. to be responsible for international coordination¹⁵ on domain names.

　　Article 5　No organization or individual may use any means to obstruct¹⁶ the proper functioning of the internet domain name system within the People's Republic of China.

　　PART TWO　ADMINISTRATION OF DOMAIN NAMES

　　Article 6　China's internet domain name system shall be published by the Ministry of Information Industry in the form of public announcement. The Ministry of Information Industry may make adjustments to the internet domain name system in accordance with the actual development of domain names， and shall publish update announcements.

　　Article 7　Chinese domain names are an important component¹⁷ of China's domain name system. The Ministry of Information Industry shall encourage and support technical research into and the gradually increased use of Chinese domain names.

　　Article 8　Establishment of domain name root servers and domain name root server operators within the People's Republic of China shall be approved by the Ministry of Information Industry.

　　Article 9　To apply for establishment of an internet domain name root server or domain name root server operator， the following criteria¹⁸ shall be fulfilled：

　　1. having the corresponding capital and skilled personnel；

　　2. having the environment and conditions， and technical capacity for safeguarding the secure and reliable operation of domain name root server；

　　3. having proper network and information security safeguard facilities；

　　4. fulfilling the needs of internet development and stable operation of domain name system； and

　　5. compliance¹⁹ with other relevant State regulations.

　　Article 10　To apply for establishment of a domain name root server or domain name root server operator， the following written application materials shall be submitted to the Ministry of Information Industry：

　　1. the details of the applying work unit；

　　2. the details of the domain name root server to be operated and protected；

　　3. a network technology plan； and

　　4. proof of technical safeguard facilities for network and information security.

　　Article 11　Establishment of domain name registration administrators and domain name registration service providers within the People's Republic of China shall be approved by the Ministry of Information Industry.

　　Article 12　To apply to become a domain name registration administrator， the following criteria shall be fulfilled：

　　1. having established a top-level domain name server （excluding mirror servers） within the People's Republic of China， and having top-level domain names commensurate with the international and domestic internet domain name systems；

　　2. having the capital and skilled personnel commensurate with the activities related to domain name registration；

　　3. having good business performance and operation experience in relevant services such as internet domain name services；

　　4. having a reputation for providing， or the ability to provide， long-term services to the clients；

　　5. having a business development plan and a relevant technical plan；

　　6. having proper mechanism²⁰ for supervision²¹ of domain name registration services and facilities for safeguarding network and information security； and

　　7. compliance with other relevant State provisions.

　　Article 13　To apply to become a domain name registration administrator， the following materials shall be submitted to the Ministry of Information Industry：

　　1. explanatory materials for the capital and personnel；

　　2. supporting materials for the implementation²³ of effective administration on top-level domain name servers in China；

　　3. materials that prove the reputation of the applicant²⁴；

　　4. business development plan and relevant technical plan；

　　5. mechanism for supervision of domain name registration services and technical safeguard facilities for network and information security；

　　6. model text for the agreement to be signed with domain name registration service providers； and

　　7. letter of undertaking²⁵ for compliance with the relevant State laws and policies and China's domain name system signed by the legal representative.

　　Article 14　To engage in domain name registration services， the following criteria shall be fulfilled：

　　1. being an enterprise legal person or an institution legal person established in accordance with the law；

　　2. having a registered capital of not less than Rmb 1 million， having established a domain name registration service system within the People's Republic of China and having the technicians and customer service personnel dedicated²⁶ to domain name registration services；

　　3. having a reputation for providing， or the ability to provide， long-term services to the clients；

　　4. having a business development plan and a relevant technical plan；

　　5. having proper facilities for safeguarding network and information security；

　　6. having proper domain name registration service withdrawal²⁷ mechanism； and

　　7. compliance with other relevant State provisions.

　　Article 15　To apply to become a domain name registration service provider， the following written materials shall be submitted to the Ministry of Information Industry：

　　1. proof of status as a legal person；

　　2. description of domain name registration services to be provided and the details of the technicians and customer service personnel；

　　3. letter of intent to cooperate or agreement signed with the relevant domain name registration administrator or overseas domain name registration service provider；

　　4. model text for customer service agreement；

　　5. business development plan and relevant technical plan；

　　6. proof of technical safeguard facilities for network and information security；

　　7. relevant materials that prove the reputation of the applicant； and

　　8. letter of undertaking for compliance with the relevant State laws and policies signed by the legal representative.

　　Article 16　Where the application materials are complete and comply with the statutory format³， the Ministry of Information Industry shall issue a notification of application acceptance to the applicant. Where the application materials are incomplete or fail to comply with the statutory format， it shall notify the applicant of all the particulars that need to be supplemented in writing at one time on spot or within five days. Where it does not accept the application， it shall issue a notification of rejection²⁸ to the applicant and state the reasons therefor.

　　Article 17　The Ministry of Information Industry shall， within 20 working days of the date of issue of notification of application acceptance， complete examination work and render a decision on whether or not to grant approval. Where it is unable to render a decision within 20 working days， the time period may be extended for 10 working days upon approval of the person in charge of the Ministry of Information Industry， and shall notify the applicant of the reasons for the extension of the time period.

　　Where approval is granted， an approval opinion shall be issued. Where approval is not granted， the applicant shall be notified in writing， and the reasons therefor shall be stated.

　　Article 18　Domain name registration administrators shall comply with the relevant State laws， administrative²⁹ regulations and rules on their own initiative， ensure the secure and reliable operation of the domain name system， and fairly and reasonably provide secure and convenient domain name services to domain name registration service providers.

　　Domain name registration administrators may not without proper reasons terminate the domain name registration services for domain name registration service providers without authorization³⁰.

　　Article 19　Domain name registration service providers shall comply with the relevant State laws， administrative regulations and rules on their own initiative， and fairly and reasonably provide domain name registration services to the clients.

　　Domain name registration service providers may not request clients to register domain names by using improper³¹ means such as fraud or coercion³².

　　Article 20　If there are changes to such registered information as the name， address or legal representative of the domain name registration service provider， or if there are changes to the relationship or a termination of the relationship between the domain name registration service provider and the domain name registration administrator， the domain name registration service provider shall report to the Ministry of Information Industry for record filing within 30 days of the change or termination.

　　Article 21　Domain name registration administrators shall have the necessary network and communication emergency equipment， formulate network and communication safeguard emergency plans that are feasible and effective， and improve the network and information security emergency system.

　　Due to needs of State security and handling of emergencies， domain name registration administrators and domain name registration service providers shall obey the central commands and coordination of the Ministry of Information Industry， and abide by and execute the administration requirements of the Ministry of Information Industry.

　　Article 22　The Ministry of Information Industry shall strengthen the supervision and inspection³³ of domain name registration administrators and domain name registration service providers， and rectify³⁴ illegal acts discovered in the course of supervision and inspection.

　　PART THREE　REGISTRATION OF DOMAIN NAMES

　　Article 23　Domain name registration administrators shall formulate corresponding implementing³⁵ rules for the registration of domain names in accordance with these Procedures， and shall implement²² the same after submitting them to the Ministry of Information Industry for record filing.

　　Article 24　Registration of domain names shall follow the principle of “first come， first served”。

　　Article 25　In order to protect State and public interests， domain name registration administrators may provide necessary protection for certain pre-reserved characters， and implement the same after submitting them to the Ministry of Information Industry for record filing.

　　Except in the case of the preceding paragraph， domain name registration administrators and domain name registration service providers shall not pre-reserve domain names or do so in a disguised form. Domain name registration administrators and domain name registration service providers shall not in the course of providing domain name registration services represent any real or potential domain name holder³⁶.

　　Article 26　Domain name registration administrators and domain name registration service providers shall make public the particulars， timing³⁷ and cost of their domain name registration services， provide public inquiry³⁸ service on domain name registration， guarantee the quality of their domain name registration services， and shall have the obligation to provide domain name registration information to the Ministry of Information Industry.

　　Without the approval of clients， domain name registration administrators and domain name registration service providers may not use the domain name registration information for purposes other than those stipulated³⁹ in the preceding paragraph， unless stipulated otherwise in State laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 27　No organization or individual may register or use domain names containing elements that：

　　1. oppose the fundamental principles determined⁴⁰ in the Constitution；

　　2. compromise State security， divulge⁴¹ State secrets， subvert⁴² State power or damage national unity⁴³；

　　3. harm the dignity or interests of the State；

　　4. incite⁴⁴ ethnic⁴⁵ hatred⁴⁶ or racial discrimination or damage inter-ethnic unity；

　　5. sabotage⁴⁷ State religious policy or propagate heretical teachings or feudal⁴⁸ superstitions⁴⁹；

　　6. disseminate⁵⁰ rumours⁵¹， disturb social order or disrupt social stability；

　　7. propagate obscenity， pornography， gambling⁵²， violence， murder or fear or incite the commission of crimes；

　　8. insult or libel a third party or infringe⁵³ upon the lawful⁵⁴ rights and interests of a third party； or

　　9. include other content prohibited by laws or administrative regulations.

　　Article 28　Domain name registration applicants⁵⁵ shall submit true， accurate and complete domain name registration information and sign a client registration agreement with the domain name registration service provider.

　　Once a domain name has been registered， the domain name registration applicant shall become the holder of that domain name.

　　Article 29　Domain name holders⁵⁶ shall abide by the relevant State laws， administrative regulations and rules on the internet， and shall bear the liability for infringement⁵⁷ on lawful rights and interests of other parties due to holding or using the domain name.

　　Article 30　Domain name operation fees shall be paid for registered domain names on time. Domain name registration administrators shall formulate specific methods for payment of operation fees and shall report the same to the Ministry of Information Industry for record filing.

　　Article 31　If there are changes to the information provided to register a domain name， the domain name holder shall apply to the domain name registration service provider for amendment⁵⁸ of the registration information within 30 days of the change.

　　Article 32　Domain name holders may select and change their own domain name registration service provider. When a domain name holder changes its domain name registration service provider， the original service provider shall be obliged to transfer the registration information.

　　Without proper reason， a domain name registration service provider may not obstruct domain name holders from changing domain name registration service provider.

　　Article 33　Domain name registration administrators shall set up client complaint hotlines or adopt other necessary measures to handle opinions on domain name registration service providers given by clients in a timely manner. Where it is difficult to handle the complaint in a timely manner， the reasons therefor and the relevant time limit for handling must be stated to the clients.

　　Where a client or domain name registration service provider is dissatisfied with the lack of handling results or the handling results for the complaint to the domain name registration administrator， or with the services of the domain name registration administrator， it may submit a complaint to the Ministry of Information Industry.

　　Article 34　When any of the following circumstances apply to a registered domain name， the original domain name registration service provider shall revoke⁵⁹ registration and notify the domain name holder in writing：

　　1. the domain name holder or its agent applies to cancel the domain name；

　　2. the domain name registration information provided by the domain name holder is false， inaccurate⁶⁰ or incomplete；

　　3. the domain name holder fails to pay the relevant fees in accordance with the provisions；

　　4. the registration should be revoked⁶¹ in accordance with the decision of a people's court， an arbitration⁶² institution， or a domain name dispute resolution institution； or

　　5. there is a violation⁶³ of the provisions of relevant laws， administrative regulations or these Procedures.

　　Article 35　Domain name registration administrators and domain name registration service providers have the obligation to coordinate⁶⁴ with the inspection of websites by the State departments in charge， and shall suspend or terminate the relevant domain name analysis services as required if necessary.

　　PART FOUR　DISPUTES OVER DOMAIN NAMES

　　Article 36　Domain name registration administrators may designate a neutral domain name dispute resolution institution to resolve disputes over domain names.

　　Article 37　If anyone files a complaint to a domain name dispute resolution institution over a domain name already registered or in use and the complaint fits the criteria for resolution of a dispute over a domain name， the domain name holder shall take part in the proceedings⁶⁵ for resolving disputes over domain names.

　　Article 38　The decision of a domain name dispute resolution institution shall apply only to changes in the information on the holder of the disputed domain name.

　　If the decision of a domain name dispute resolution institution is not in accord with the legally effective judgment⁶⁶ made by a people's court or an arbitration institution， the judgment of the people's court or the arbitration institution shall prevail.

　　Article 39　The holder of a disputed domain name may not transfer that domain name while the dispute is being dealt with by a people's court， an arbitration institution or a domain name dispute resolution institution， except where the party to which the domain name is being transferred agrees in writing to be bound by the judgment of the people's court， the arbitration institution or the institution resolving the domain name dispute.

　　PART FIVE　LEGAL LIABILITY

　　Article 40　Those who are in violation of Article 8 or 11 hereof establish without authorization domain name root servers or domain name root server operators， or domain name registration administrators or domain name registration service providers without administrative licence， the Ministry of Information Industry shall， in accordance with Article 81 of the PRC， Administrative Licensing⁶⁷ Law， adopt measures to stop them from conducting business or providing services， and depending on the seriousness of the situation， issue a warning or impose a fine of not more than Rmb 30，000.

　　Article 41　Where a domain name registration service provider provides domain name registration services that exceed the approved scope of items， it shall be ordered by the Ministry of Information Industry to rectify the matter within a stipulated time limit. Where it fails to rectify the matter within the stipulated time limit， the Ministry of Information Industry shall， in accordance with Article 81 of the PRC， Administrative Licensing Law， adopt measures to stop it from providing services that exceed the scope， and depending on the seriousness of the situation， issue a warning or impose a fine of not more than Rmb 30，000.

　　Article 42　Those who violate Article 5， 18， 19， 20， 25， 26， 32 or 35 hereof shall be ordered by the Ministry of Information Industry to rectify the matter within a stipulated time limit and， depending on the seriousness of the situation， be warned or subject to a fine of not more than Rmb 30，000.

　　Article 43　Those who violate Article 27 hereof and such act constitutes a criminal offence， criminal liability shall be pursued. If the act does not constitute a criminal offence， they shall be penalized⁶⁸ by the relevant State authorities in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.

　　PART SIX　SUPPLEMENTARY⁶⁹ PROVISIONS

　　Article 44　Domain name registration service providers providing domain name registration services prior to the implementation of these Procedures shall complete registration procedures with the Ministry of Information Industry within 60 days of the implementation of these Procedures.

　　Article 45　These Procedures shall be effective as of 20 December 2004. The Administration of China Internet Domain Names Procedures （Ministry of Information Industry Order No. 24） shall be repealed⁷⁰ simultaneously⁷¹.

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收听单词发音

1 promulgated
v.宣扬（某事物）( promulgate的过去式和过去分词 )；传播；公布；颁布（法令、新法律等）
参考例句：
Hence China has promulgated more than 30 relevant laws, statutes and regulations. 中国为此颁布的法律、法规和规章多达３０余项。来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书 The shipping industry promulgated a voluntary code. 航运业对自律守则进行了宣传。来自辞典例句

2 ministry
n.(政府的)部；牧师
参考例句：
They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。 We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

3 format
n.设计，版式；[计算机]格式，DOS命令:格式化(磁盘)，用于空盘或使用过的磁盘建立新空盘来存储数据；v.使格式化，设计，安排
参考例句：
Please format this floppy disc.请将这张软盘格式化。 The format of the figure is very tasteful.该图表的格式很雅致。

4 formulate
v.用公式表示；规划；设计；系统地阐述
参考例句：
He took care to formulate his reply very clearly.他字斟句酌，清楚地做了回答。 I was impressed by the way he could formulate his ideas.他陈述观点的方式让我印象深刻。

5 formulated
v.构想出( formulate的过去式和过去分词 )；规划；确切地阐述；用公式表示
参考例句：
He claims that the writer never consciously formulated his own theoretical position. 他声称该作家从未有意识地阐明他自己的理论见解。来自《简明英汉词典》 This idea can be formulated in two different ways. 这个意思可以有两种说法。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

6 domain
n.(活动等)领域，范围；领地，势力范围
参考例句：
This information should be in the public domain.这一消息应该为公众所知。 This question comes into the domain of philosophy.这一问题属于哲学范畴。

7 standardize
v.使符合标准，使标准化
参考例句：
We will extend and standardize legal services and provide effective legal aid.拓展和规范法律服务，积极开展法律援助。 There is a drive both to standardise components and to reduce the number of models on offer.正在为实现零部件标准化和减少推出的型号数量而努力。

8 registration
n.登记，注册，挂号
参考例句：
Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。 What's your registration number?你挂的是几号？

9 abide
vi.遵守；坚持；vt.忍受
参考例句：
You must abide by the results of your mistakes.你必须承担你的错误所造成的后果。 If you join the club,you have to abide by its rules.如果你参加俱乐部，你就得遵守它的规章。

10 protocol
n.议定书，草约，会谈记录，外交礼节
参考例句：
We must observe the correct protocol.我们必须遵守应有的礼仪。 The statesmen signed a protocol.那些政治家签了议定书。

11 administrator
n.经营管理者，行政官员
参考例句：
The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.行政职务耗掉本很多精力。 He has proved himself capable as administrator.他表现出管理才能。

12 indirectly
adv.间接地，不直接了当地
参考例句：
I heard the news indirectly.这消息我是间接听来的。 They were approached indirectly through an intermediary.通过一位中间人，他们进行了间接接触。

13 administrators
n.管理者( administrator的名词复数 )；有管理（或行政）才能的人；（由遗嘱检验法庭指定的）遗产管理人；奉派暂管主教教区的牧师
参考例句：
He had administrators under him but took the crucial decisions himself. 他手下有管理人员，但重要的决策仍由他自己来做。来自辞典例句 Administrators have their own methods of social intercourse. 办行政的人有他们的社交方式。来自汉英文学 - 围城

14 oversee
vt.监督，管理
参考例句：
Soldiers oversee the food handouts.士兵们看管着救济食品。 Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作。

15 coordination
n.协调，协作
参考例句：
Gymnastics is a sport that requires a considerable level of coordination.体操是一项需要高协调性的运动。 The perfect coordination of the dancers and singers added a rhythmic charm to the performance.舞蹈演员和歌手们配合得很好，使演出更具魅力。

16 obstruct
v.阻隔，阻塞(道路、通道等)；n.阻碍物，障碍物
参考例句：
He became still more dissatisfied with it and secretly did everything in his power to obstruct it.他对此更不满意，尽在暗里使绊子。 The fallen trees obstruct the road.倒下的树将路堵住了。

17 component
n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的
参考例句：
Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。 Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

18 criteria
n.标准
参考例句：
The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。 There are strict criteria for inclusion in the competition.参赛的标准很严格。

19 compliance
n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从
参考例句：
I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我对他竟然依从了这些条件而感到吃惊。 She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她顺从他的愿望而放弃自己的主意。

20 mechanism
n.机械装置；机构，结构
参考例句：
The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。 The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

21 supervision
n.监督，管理
参考例句：
The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。 The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

22 implement
n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行
参考例句：
Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。 The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

23 implementation
n.实施，贯彻
参考例句：
Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。

24 applicant
n.申请人，求职者，请求者
参考例句：
He was the hundredth applicant for the job. 他是第100个申请这项工作的人。 In my estimation, the applicant is well qualified for this job. 据我看, 这位应征者完全具备这项工作的条件。

25 undertaking
n.保证，许诺，事业
参考例句：
He gave her an undertaking that he would pay the money back with in a year.他向她做了一年内还钱的保证。 He is too timid to venture upon an undertaking.他太胆小，不敢从事任何事业。

26 dedicated
adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的
参考例句：
He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。 His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

27 withdrawal
n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销
参考例句：
The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。 They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

28 rejection
n.拒绝，被拒，抛弃，被弃
参考例句：
He decided not to approach her for fear of rejection.他因怕遭拒绝决定不再去找她。 The rejection plunged her into the dark depths of despair.遭到拒绝使她陷入了绝望的深渊。

29 administrative
adj.行政的，管理的
参考例句：
The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。 He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

30 authorization
n.授权，委任状
参考例句：
Anglers are required to obtain prior authorization from the park keeper.垂钓者必须事先得到公园管理者的许可。 You cannot take a day off without authorization.未经批准你不得休假。

31 improper
adj.不适当的，不合适的，不正确的，不合礼仪的
参考例句：
Short trousers are improper at a dance.舞会上穿短裤不成体统。 Laughing and joking are improper at a funeral.葬礼时大笑和开玩笑是不合适的。

32 coercion
n.强制，高压统治
参考例句：
Neither trickery nor coercion is used to secure confessions.既不诱供也不逼供。 He paid the money under coercion.他被迫付钱。

33 inspection
n.检查，审查，检阅
参考例句：
On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。 The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers.士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。

34 rectify
v.订正，矫正，改正
参考例句：
The matter will rectify itself in a few days.那件事过几天就会变好。 You can rectify this fault if you insert a slash.插人一条斜线便可以纠正此错误。

35 implementing
v.实现( implement的现在分词 )；执行；贯彻；使生效
参考例句：
-- Implementing a comprehensive drug control strategy. ――实行综合治理的禁毒战略。来自汉英非文学 - 白皮书 He was in no hurry about implementing his unshakable principle. 他并不急于实行他那不可动摇的原则。来自辞典例句

36 holder
n.持有者，占有者；(台，架等)支持物
参考例句：
The holder of the office of chairman is reponsible for arranging meetings.担任主席职位的人负责安排会议。 That runner is the holder of the world record for the hundred-yard dash.那位运动员是一百码赛跑世界纪录的保持者。

37 timing
n.时间安排，时间选择
参考例句：
The timing of the meeting is not convenient.会议的时间安排不合适。 The timing of our statement is very opportune.我们发表声明选择的时机很恰当。

38 inquiry
n.打听，询问，调查，查问
参考例句：
Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。 The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。

39 stipulated
vt.& vi.规定；约定adj.[法]合同规定的
参考例句：
A delivery date is stipulated in the contract. 合同中规定了交货日期。 Yes, I think that's what we stipulated. 对呀，我想那是我们所订定的。来自辞典例句

40 determined
adj.坚定的；有决心的
参考例句：
I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。 He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

41 divulge
v.泄漏(秘密等)；宣布，公布
参考例句：
They refused to divulge where they had hidden the money.他们拒绝说出他们把钱藏在什么地方。 He swore never to divulge the secret.他立誓决不泄露秘密。

42 subvert
v.推翻；暗中破坏；搅乱
参考例句：
The rebel army is attempting to subvert the government.反叛军队企图颠覆政府统治。 They tried to subvert our state and our Party. This is the crux of the matter.他们是要颠覆我们的国家，颠覆我们的党，这是问题的实质。

43 unity
n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调
参考例句：
When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。 We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

44 incite
v.引起，激动，煽动
参考例句：
I wanted to point out he was a very good speaker, and could incite a crowd.我想说明他曾是一个非常出色的演讲家，非常会调动群众的情绪。 Just a few words will incite him into action.他只需几句话一将，就会干。

45 ethnic
adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的
参考例句：
This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。 The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

46 hatred
n.憎恶，憎恨，仇恨
参考例句：
He looked at me with hatred in his eyes.他以憎恨的眼光望着我。 The old man was seized with burning hatred for the fascists.老人对法西斯主义者充满了仇恨。

47 sabotage
n.怠工，破坏活动，破坏；v.从事破坏活动，妨害，破坏
参考例句：
They tried to sabotage my birthday party.他们企图破坏我的生日晚会。 The fire at the factory was caused by sabotage.那家工厂的火灾是有人蓄意破坏引起的。

48 feudal
adj.封建的，封地的，领地的
参考例句：
Feudal rulers ruled over the country several thousand years.封建统治者统治这个国家几千年。 The feudal system lasted for two thousand years in China.封建制度在中国延续了两千年之久。

49 superstitions
迷信，迷信行为( superstition的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Old superstitions seem incredible to educated people. 旧的迷信对于受过教育的人来说是不可思议的。 Do away with all fetishes and superstitions. 破除一切盲目崇拜和迷信。

50 disseminate
v.散布；传播
参考例句：
We should disseminate science and promote the scientific spirit.普及科学知识，弘扬科学精神。 We sincerely welcome all countries to disseminate their languages in China.我们真诚地欢迎世界各国来华推广本国语言。

51 rumours
n.传闻( rumour的名词复数 )；风闻；谣言；谣传
参考例句：
The rumours were completely baseless. 那些谣传毫无根据。 Rumours of job losses were later confirmed. 裁员的传言后来得到了证实。

52 gambling
n.赌博；投机
参考例句：
They have won a lot of money through gambling.他们赌博赢了很多钱。 The men have been gambling away all night.那些人赌了整整一夜。

53 infringe
v.违反，触犯，侵害
参考例句：
The jury ruled that he had infringed no rules.陪审团裁决他没有违反任何规定。 He occasionally infringe the law by parking near a junction.他因偶尔将车停放在交叉口附近而违反规定。

54 lawful
adj.法律许可的，守法的，合法的
参考例句：
It is not lawful to park in front of a hydrant.在消火栓前停车是不合法的。 We don't recognised him to be the lawful heir.我们不承认他为合法继承人。

55 applicants
申请人，求职人( applicant的名词复数 )
参考例句：
There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。 He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。

56 holders
支持物( holder的名词复数 )；持有者；（支票等）持有人；支托（或握持）…之物
参考例句：
Slaves were mercilessly ground down by slave holders. 奴隶受奴隶主的残酷压迫。 It is recognition of compassion's part that leads the up-holders of capital punishment to accuse the abolitionists of sentimentality in being more sorry for the murderer than for his victim. 正是对怜悯的作用有了认识，才使得死刑的提倡者指控主张废除死刑的人感情用事，同情谋杀犯胜过同情受害者。

57 infringement
n.违反；侵权
参考例句：
Infringement of this regulation would automatically rule you out of the championship.违背这一规则会被自动取消参加锦标赛的资格。 The committee ruled that the US ban constituted an infringement of free trade.委员会裁定美国的禁令对自由贸易构成了侵犯

58 amendment
n.改正，修正，改善，修正案
参考例句：
The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。 The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

59 revoke
v.废除，取消，撤回
参考例句：
The university may revoke my diploma.大学可能吊销我的毕业证书。 The government revoked her husband's license to operate migrant labor crews.政府撤销了她丈夫管理外来打工人群的许可证。

60 inaccurate
adj.错误的，不正确的，不准确的
参考例句：
The book is both inaccurate and exaggerated.这本书不但不准确，而且夸大其词。 She never knows the right time because her watch is inaccurate.她从来不知道准确的时间因为她的表不准。

61 revoked
adj.[法]取消的v.撤销，取消，废除( revoke的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
It may be revoked if the check is later dishonoured. 以后如支票被拒绝支付，结算可以撤销。来自辞典例句 A will is revoked expressly. 遗嘱可以通过明示推翻。来自辞典例句

62 arbitration
n.调停，仲裁
参考例句：
The wage disagreement is under arbitration.工资纠纷正在仲裁中。 Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding.双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。

63 violation
n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯
参考例句：
He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说，那是违反规则的。 He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。

64 coordinate
adj.同等的，协调的；n.同等者；vt.协作，协调
参考例句：
You must coordinate what you said with what you did.你必须使你的言行一致。 Maybe we can coordinate the relation of them.或许我们可以调和他们之间的关系。

65 proceedings
n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报
参考例句：
He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。 to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼

66 judgment
n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见
参考例句：
The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。 He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。

67 licensing
v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的现在分词 )
参考例句：
A large part of state regulation consists of occupational licensing. 大部分州的管理涉及行业的特许批准。来自英汉非文学 - 行政法 That licensing procedures for projects would move faster. 这样的工程批准程序一定会加快。来自辞典例句

68 penalized
对…予以惩罚( penalize的过去式和过去分词 )；使处于不利地位
参考例句：
You will be penalized for poor spelling. 你拼写不好将会受到处罚。 Team members will be penalized for lateness. 队员迟到要受处罚。

69 supplementary
adj.补充的，附加的
参考例句：
There is a supplementary water supply in case the rain supply fails.万一主水源断了，我们另外有供水的地方。 A supplementary volume has been published containing the index.附有索引的增补卷已经出版。

70 repealed
撤销，废除( repeal的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
The Labour Party repealed the Act. 工党废除了那项法令。 The legislature repealed the unpopular Rent Act. 立法机关废除了不得人心的租借法案。

71 simultaneously
adv.同时发生地，同时进行地
参考例句：
The radar beam can track a number of targets almost simultaneously.雷达波几乎可以同时追着多个目标。 The Windows allow a computer user to execute multiple programs simultaneously.Windows允许计算机用户同时运行多个程序。

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