EMINENCE¹; A title of honor given to cardinals².

EMINENT³ DOMAIN⁴. The right which people or government retain over the estates of individuals, to resume the same for public use.

2. It belongs to the legislature to decide what improvements are of sufficient importance to justify⁵ the exercise of the right of eminent domain. See 2 Hill. Ab. 568 1 U. S. Dig. 560; 1 Am. Eq. Dig. 312 3 Toull. n. 30 p. 23; Ersk. hist. B. 2) tit. 1, s. 2; Grotius, h. t. See Dominium.

EMISSARY. One who is sent from one power or government into another nation for the purpose of spreading false rumors⁶ and to cause alarm. He differs from a spy. (q. v.)

EMISSION⁷, med. jur. The act by which any matter whatever is thrown from the body; thus it is usual to say, emission of urine, emission of semen, &c.

2. In cases of rape⁸, when the fact of penetration⁹ is proved, it may be left to the jury whether emission did or did not take place. Proof of emission would perhaps be held to be evidence of penetration. Addis. R. 143; 2 So. Car. Const. R. 351; 2 Chitty, Crim. Law, 810; 1 Beck's Med. Jur. 140 1 Russ. C. & M. 560; 1 East, P. C. 437.

TO EMIT. To put out; to send forth¹⁰,

2. The tenth section of the first article of the constitution, contains various prohibitions¹¹, among which is the following: No state shall emit bills of credit. To emit bills of credit is to issue paper intended to circulate through the-community for its ordinary purposes, as money, which paper is redeemable¹² at a future day. 4 Pet. R. 410, 432; Story on Const. §1358. Vide Bills of credit.

EMMENAGOGUES, med. jur. The name of a class of medicines which are believed to have the power. of favoring the discharge of the menses. These are black hellebore, savine, (vide Juneperius Sabina,) madder, mercury, polygala, senega, and pennyroyal. They are sometimes used for the criminal purpose of producing abortion¹³. (q. v.) They always endanger the life of the woman. 1 Beck's Medical Jur. 316; Dungl. Med. Diet. h. t.; Parr's Med. Dict. h. t.; 3 Paris and Fonbl. Aled. Jur. 88.

EMOLUMENT¹⁴. The lawful¹⁵ gain or profit which arises from an office.

EMPALEMENT. A punishment in which a sharp polo was forced up the fundament. Encyc. Lond. h. t.

TO ENPANEL, practice. To make a list or roll, by the sheriff or other authorized¹⁶ officer, of the names of jurors who are summoned to appear for the performance of such service as jurors are required to perform.

EMPEROR, an officer. This word is synonymous with the Latin imperator; they are both derived¹⁷ from the. verb imperare. Literally¹⁸, it signifies he who commands.

2. Under the Roman republic, the title emperor was the generic¹⁹ name given to the commanders-in-chief in the armies. But even then the application of the word was restrained to the successful commander, who was declared emperor by the acclamations of the army, and was afterwards honored with the title by a decree of the senate. 3. It, is now used to designate some sovereign prince who bears this title. Ayl. Pand. tit. 23.