JERGUER, Engl. law. An officer of the custom-house, who oversees1 the waiters. Techn. Dict. h. t.
JETTISON2, or JETSAM. The casting out of a vessel3, from necessity, a part of the lading; the thing cast out also bears the same name; it differs from flotsam in this, that in the latter the goods float, while in the former they sink, and remain under water; it differ; also from ligan. (q. v.)
2. The jettson must be made for sufficient cause, and not from groundless timidity. In must be made in a case of extremity4, when the ship is in danger of perishing by the fury of a storm, or is laboring5 upon rocks or shallows, or is closely pursued by pirates or enemies.
3. If the residue6 of the cargo7 be saved by such sacrifice, the property saved is bound to pay a: proportion of, the loss. In ascertaining8 such average. loss, the goods lost and saved are both to be valued at the price they would have brought at the place of delivery, on the ship's arrival there, freight, duties and other charges being deducted9. Marsh10. Ins. 246; 3 Kent, Com. 185 to 187; Park. Ins., 123; Poth. Chartepartie, n. 108, et suiv; Boulay-Paty, Dr. Com. tit. 13; Pardessus, Dr. Com. n. 734; 1 Ware's R. 9.
JEUX DE BOURSE, French law. This is a kind of gambling11 or speculation12, which consists of sales and purchase's, which bind13 neither of the parties to deliver the things which are the object of the sale, and which are settled by paying the difference in the value of the things sold between the day of the sale, and that appointed for delivery of such things. 1 Pard. Dr. Com. n. 162.
JEWS. See De Judaismo Statutum.
JOB. By this term is understood among workmen, the whole of a thing which is to be done. In this sense it is employed in the Civil Code of Louisiana, art. 2727; "to build by plot, or to work by the job," says that article, "is to undertake a building for a certain stipulated14 price." See Durant. du Contr. de Louage, liv. 8, t. 8, n. 248, 263; Poth. Contr. de Louage, n. 392, 394 and Deviation15.
JOBBER16, commerce. One who buys end sells articles for others. Stock jobbers17 are those who buy, and sell stocks for others; this term is also applied18 to those who speculate in stocks on their own account.
JOCALIA. Jewels; this term was formerly19 more properly applied to those ornaments20 which women, although married, call their own. When these jocalia are not suitable to her degree, they are assets for the payment of debts. 1 Roll. Ab. 911. Vide Paraphernalia21.
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