KENTUCKY. The name of one of the new states of the United States of America. 2. This state was formerly¹ a part of Virginia, and the latter state, by an act of the legislature, passed December 18, 1789, "consented that the district of Kentucky, within the jurisdiction² of the said commonwealth³, and according to its actual boundaries at the time of passing the act aforesaid, should be formed into a new state." By the act of congress of February. 4, 1791, 1 Story's L. U. S. 168, congress consented that, after the first day of June, 1792, the district of Kentucky should be formed into a new state, separate from and independent of the commonwealth of Virginia. And by the second section it is enacted⁴, that upon the aforesaid first day of June, 1792, the said new state, by the name and style of the state of Kentucky shall be received and admitted into the Union, as a new and entire member of the United States of America.

3. The constitution of this state was adopted August 17, 1799. The powers of the government are divided into three distinct departments, and each of them is confided⁵ to a separate body of magistracy, to wit: those which are legislative⁶, to one; those which are executive, to another; and those which are judicial⁷, to another.

4. - 1. The legislative power is vested in two distinct branches; the one styled the house of representatives, and the other the senate; and both together, the general assembly of the commonwealth of Kentucky. 1. The house of representatives is elected yearly, and consists of not less than fifty-eight, nor more than one hundred members. 2. The members of the senate are elected for four years. The senate consists of twenty-four members, at least, and for every three members above fifty-eight which shall be added to the house of representatives, one member shall be added to the senate.

5. - 2. The executive power is vested in a chief magistrate⁸, who is styled the governor of the commonwealth of Kentucky. The governor is elected for four years. He is commander-in-chief of the army and navy of the commonwealth, except when called into actual service of the United States. He nominates, and, with the consent of the senate, appoints all officers, except those whose appointment is otherwise provided for. He is invested with the pardoning power, except in certain cases, as impeachment⁹ and treason. A lieutenant-governor is chosen at every election of governor, in the same manner, and to continue in office for the same time as the governor. He is ex officio, speaker of the senate, and acts as governor when the latter is impeached¹⁰, or removed from office, or dead, or refuses to qualify, resigns, or is absent from the state.

6. - 3. The judicial power, both as to matters of law and equity¹¹, is vested in one supreme¹² court, styled the court of appeals, and in such inferior courts as the general assembly may, from time to time, erect¹³ and establish. The judges hold their office during good behaviour.

KEY. An instrument made for shutting and opening a lock.

2. The keys of a house are considered as real estate, and descend¹⁴ to the heir with the inheritance. But see 5 Blackf. 417.

3. When the keys of a warehouse¹⁵ are delivered to a purchaser of goods locked up there, with a view of effecting a delivery of such goods, the delivery is complete. The doctrine¹⁶ of the civil law is the same. Dig. lib. 41, t. 1, 1. 9, 6; and lib. 18, t. 1, 1. 74.