ROARING. A disease among horses occasioned by the circumstance of the neck of the windpipe being too narrow for accelerated respiration¹; the disorder² is frequently produced by sore throat or other topical inflammation.

2. A horse affected³ with this malady⁴ is rendered less serviceable, and he is therefore unsound. 2 Stark⁵. R. 81; S. C. 3 Engl. Com. Law Rep. 255; 2 Camp. R. 523.

ROBBER. One who commits a robbery. One who feloniously and forcibly takes goods or money to any value from the person of another by violence or putting him, in fear.

ROBBERY, crimes. The felonious and forcible taking from the person of another, goods or money to any value, by violence or putting him in fear. 4 Bl. Com. 243 1 Bald. 102.

2. By "taking from the person" is meant not only the immediate⁶ taking from his person, but also from his presence when it is done with violence and against his consent. 1 Hale, P. C. 533; 2 Russ. Crimes, 61. The taking must be by violence or putting the owner in fear, but both these circumstances need not concur⁷, for if a man should be knocked down and then robbed while be is insensible, the offence is still a robbery. 4 Binn. R. 379. And if the party be put in fear by threats and then robbed, it is not necessary there should be any greater violence.

3. This offence differs from a larceny⁸ from the person in this, that in the latter, there is no violence, while in the former the crime is incomplete without an actual or constructive⁹ force. Id. Vide 2 Swift's Dig. 298. Prin. Pen. Law, ch. 22, §4, p. 285; and Carrying away; Invito Domino; Larceny; Taking.

ROD. A measure sixteen feet and a half long; a perch¹⁰.

ROGATORY, LETTERS. A kind of commission from a judge authorizing¹¹ and requesting a judge of another jurisdiction¹² to examine a witness. Vide Letters Rogatory.