Narwhal population affected by underwater noise pollution海

时间:2024-03-07 02:13:42

(单词翻译:单击)

Narwhal population affected1 by underwater noise pollution海洋噪音污染导致一角鲸数量下降

  一角鲸是一种头上长有长牙的海洋哺乳动物。专家表示,随着气候变暖,海冰融化,船舶航线增多,海洋噪声增加,到2025年,一角鲸有可能会因海洋噪音污染而灭绝。本期 “随身英语” 介绍这种被人称作 “海洋独角兽” 的动物所面临的生存威胁。
  词汇:marine2 animals海洋动物
  Of all the creatures on the planet, the narwhal is one of the strangest looking. It's a whale which has a large protruding3 tusk4 coming out of its head; that's how it got its nickname, the unicorn5 of the sea. They live in the Arctic Ocean off the coast of Canada, Russia and East Greenland. However, experts say some populations of narwhal could be extinct by 2025, and it's all because of noise pollution.
  Narwhals rely on echolocation, which they use to find food and navigate6 their surroundings. The animal produces a sound wave which bounces off an object. They pick this reflected sound up through their lower jaw7, and information on features like size and speed passes to their ears.
  However, increase in human marine activity, as well as climate change, has resulted in the Arctic Ocean becoming noisier, which means it's more difficult for narwhals to rely on sound. Susanna Blackwell, who studies the effects of underwater noise on marine animals, told the BBC that there is noisier activity in the Arctic Ocean than ever because, as sea ice melts, new navigation routes are opening. And while icebergs8 breaking and creaking have been part of the ocean soundscape for hundreds of years, man-made noise is much harder for animals to adapt to, particularly as these changes are so sudden.
  Research published in Science Advances in 2023 recorded the reactions of narwhals to the simulated noises of oil expeditions made by a patrol vessel9. The scientists tagged and tracked the creatures and found that, on hearing these sounds, they ended deepdives and stopped clicking, the echolocation signal they use for finding food underwater. This is the same reaction narwhals have to orcas, who hunt them, meaning human-made noise could trigger the creature's 'threat button'.
  So, what can we do? Charlotte Findlay, a postdoctoral fellow at Aarhus University, says "noise is actually quite easy to solve. We need to either turn it off or turn it down."词汇表
  narwhal 一角鲸
  protruding 突出的,鼓出来的
  tusk (动物的)长牙
  unicorn of the sea 海洋独角兽
  extinct 灭绝的
  echolocation (动物的)回声定位
  bounce off 从…反弹
  lower jaw 下颌骨
  marine activity 海洋活动
  marine animals 海洋动物
  navigation route 航线
  soundscape 声景
  adapt to 适应
  tag 标记,给动物植入定位芯片
  track 跟踪
  deep dive 深潜
  click (鲸鱼等动物)发出短而尖的声音
  orca 虎鲸
  hunt 捕猎
 

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1 affected TzUzg0     
adj.不自然的,假装的
参考例句:
  • She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
2 marine 77Izo     
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
参考例句:
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
3 protruding e7480908ef1e5355b3418870e3d0812f     
v.(使某物)伸出,(使某物)突出( protrude的现在分词 );凸
参考例句:
  • He hung his coat on a nail protruding from the wall. 他把上衣挂在凸出墙面的一根钉子上。
  • There is a protruding shelf over a fireplace. 壁炉上方有个突出的架子。 来自辞典例句
4 tusk KlRww     
n.獠牙,长牙,象牙
参考例句:
  • The wild boar had its tusk sunk deeply into a tree and howled desperately.野猪的獠牙陷在了树里,绝望地嗥叫着。
  • A huge tusk decorated the wall of his study.他书房的墙上装饰着一支巨大的象牙。
5 unicorn Ak7wK     
n.(传说中的)独角兽
参考例句:
  • The unicorn is an imaginary beast.独角兽是幻想出来的动物。
  • I believe unicorn was once living in the world.我相信独角兽曾经生活在这个世界。
6 navigate 4Gyxu     
v.航行,飞行;导航,领航
参考例句:
  • He was the first man to navigate the Atlantic by air.他是第一个飞越大西洋的人。
  • Such boats can navigate on the Nile.这种船可以在尼罗河上航行。
7 jaw 5xgy9     
n.颚,颌,说教,流言蜚语;v.喋喋不休,教训
参考例句:
  • He delivered a right hook to his opponent's jaw.他给了对方下巴一记右钩拳。
  • A strong square jaw is a sign of firm character.强健的方下巴是刚毅性格的标志。
8 icebergs 71cdbb120fe8de8e449c16eaeca8d8a8     
n.冰山,流冰( iceberg的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The drift of the icebergs in the sea endangers the ships. 海上冰山的漂流危及船只的安全。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The icebergs towered above them. 冰山高耸于他们上方。 来自辞典例句
9 vessel 4L1zi     
n.船舶;容器,器皿;管,导管,血管
参考例句:
  • The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
  • You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。

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