How the seasons affect your sleep 季节如何影响你的睡眠

时间:2024-03-28 01:31:03

(单词翻译:单击)

  How the seasons affect your sleep 季节如何影响你的睡眠
  季节会影响我们的睡眠吗?根据最新研究,答案是肯定的。本期节目介绍我们的睡眠模式是如何演变而成的,以及光和温度是否会对睡眠时间产生影响。
  词汇:sleep 睡眠
  After a long winter, the arrival of spring can be a welcome relief. The days grow longer, the temperatures increase, and the natural world around us comes to life again. But when the seasons change, our sleep patterns change with them.
  New research suggests that humans may need more sleep in the winter than they do in the summer. A German study found that participants slept an hour longer in December than in June, regardless of their exposure to light. "Our study shows that even while living in an urban environment, with just artificial light, humans [experience] seasonal1 sleep," says Dieter Kunz, one of the study's lead authors and head of the clinic of sleep and chronomedicine at St Hedwig Hospital in Berlin, Germany. The study found that the participants experienced seasonal variations in their rapid eye movement sleep, also known as REM sleep, as well as in their slow wave sleep, also known as deep sleep. REM sleep, which is when we dream and our heart rate increases, was 30 minutes longer in the winter than during the summer. Slow wave sleep, which is when our muscles are repaired, our immune2 system is strengthened and our memory is consolidated3, was 30 minutes shorter in September than in February.
  But why do our bodies and brains need more rest at certain times of year? The answer could lie in our evolutionary4 past. That's according to Neil Stanley, who's a sleep expert at Sleep Station, an online provider of cognitive5 behavioural therapy for insomnia6. "We have evolved to dark-light cycles, so when we wake up on a winter's morning and it's dark, our brain is going 'I can't do anything… there's no point leaping out of bed.'" Particularly in summer, temperature also plays a role – our bodies require a skin temperature of between 31-35 degrees centigrade [Celsius] for a good night's sleep, but this can be harder to control during the warmer months.
  Of course, nowadays, it is our school and work times – not the Sun – that determine when we get up in the morning. But, as autumn approaches, it seems we now have a good excuse for an early night.
  词汇表
  relief (不快后的)解脱
  come to life 复苏,恢复生机
  sleep pattern 睡眠模式
  exposure to 接触
  artificial light 人造光
  seasonal sleep 季节性睡眠
  chronomedicine 时间医学
  variation 变化
  rapid eye movement sleep 快速眼动睡眠
  slow wave sleep 慢波睡眠
  deep sleep 深度睡眠
  repair 修复
  immune system 免疫系统
  consolidate 加强,加固
  rest 休息
  cognitive behavioural therapy 认知行为疗法insomnia 失眠
  evolve 逐渐进化
  dark-light cycle (昼夜)光暗循环
  leap out of bed 跳下床,起床
  early night 早睡

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1 seasonal LZ1xE     
adj.季节的,季节性的
参考例句:
  • The town relies on the seasonal tourist industry for jobs.这个城镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。
  • The hors d'oeuvre is seasonal vegetables.餐前小吃是应时蔬菜。
2 immune Oy6yP     
adj.免疫的,有免疫力的,不受影响的,免除的
参考例句:
  • I am immune from the disease,for I had it once.我对这病有免疫力,因为我已得过一次了。
  • Be immune from corruption.拒腐蚀,永不沾。
3 consolidated dv3zqt     
a.联合的
参考例句:
  • With this new movie he has consolidated his position as the country's leading director. 他新执导的影片巩固了他作为全国最佳导演的地位。
  • Those two banks have consolidated and formed a single large bank. 那两家银行已合并成一家大银行。
4 evolutionary Ctqz7m     
adj.进化的;演化的,演变的;[生]进化论的
参考例句:
  • Life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
  • These are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。
5 cognitive Uqwz0     
adj.认知的,认识的,有感知的
参考例句:
  • As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大,他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
  • The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。
6 insomnia EbFzK     
n.失眠,失眠症
参考例句:
  • Worries and tenseness can lead to insomnia.忧虑和紧张会导致失眠。
  • He is suffering from insomnia.他患失眠症。

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