历史上的今天:06月16日

Today's Highlight in History:
On June 16th, 1858, in a speech in Springfield, Illinois, Senate candidate Abraham Lincoln said the slavery issue had to be resolved, declaring, "A house divided against itself cannot stand."
On this date:
In 1567, Mary, Queen of Scots, was imprisoned¹ in Lochleven Castle in Scotland.

In 1897, the government signed a treaty of annexation² with Hawaii.

In 1903, Ford³ Motor Company was incorporated.

In 1933, the National Industrial Recovery Act became law. (It was later struck down by the Supreme⁴ Court.)

In 1955, Pope Pius the 12th excommunicated Argentine President Juan Domingo Peron -- a ban that was lifted eight years later.

In 1960, the Alfred Hitchcock movie "Psycho" opened in New York.

In 1961, Soviet⁵ ballet dancer Rudolf Nureyev defected to the West while his troupe⁶ was in Paris.

In 1963, the world's first female space traveler, Valentina Tereshkova, was launched into orbit by the Soviet Union aboard "Vostok Six."

In 1970, Kenneth A. Gibson of Newark, New Jersey⁷, became the first black to win a mayoral election in a major Northeast city.

In 1978, President Carter and Panamanian leader Omar Torrijos exchanged the instruments of ratification⁸ for the Panama Canal treaties.

Ten years ago: A crowd in the Netherlands welcomed African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela, who thanked them for staunch Dutch support for the anti-apartheid movement.

Five years ago: Bosnian government forces aided by Bosnian Croats unleashed⁹ a major offensive in hopes of breaking the Serb stranglehold on Sarajevo. Salt Lake City was awarded the 2002 Winter Olympic Games.

One year ago: Vice¹⁰ President Al Gore¹¹ announced his candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination¹². Kathleen Ann Soliah, a fugitive¹³ member of the Symbionese Liberation Army, was captured in St. Paul, Minnesota, where she had made a new life under the name Sara Jane Olson. Thabo Mbeki took the oath as president of South Africa, succeeding Nelson Mandela.