历史上的今天:09月30日

Today's Highlight in History:
On September 30th, 1955, actor James Dean was killed in a two-car collision near Cholame, California.
On this date:
In 1777, the Congress of the United States -- forced to flee in the face of advancing British forces -- moved to York, Pennsylvania.

In 1791, Mozart's opera "The Magic Flute¹" premiered in Vienna, Austria.

In 1846, dentist William Morton used ether as an anesthetic² for the first time on a patient in his Boston office.

In 1927, Babe Ruth hit his 60th homer of the season to break his own major-league record.

In 1938, British, French, German and Italian leaders decided³ to appease⁴ Adolf Hitler by allowing Nazi⁵ annexation⁶ of Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland.

In 1946, an international military tribunal in Nuremberg, Germany, found 22 top Nazi leaders guilty of war crimes.

In 1949, the Berlin Airlift came to an end.

In 1954, the first atomic-powered vessel⁷, the submarine "Nautilus," was commissioned by the Navy.

In 1962, black student James Meredith succeeded on his fourth try in registering for classes at the University of Mississippi.

In 1988, Mikhail S. Gorbachev retired⁸ President Andrei A. Gromyko from the Politburo and fired other old-guard leaders in a Kremlin shake-up.

Ten years ago: President Bush and congressional leaders forged a $500 billion five-year compromise package of tax increases and spending cuts.

Five years ago: US envoy⁹ Richard Holbrooke, trying to negotiate a Bosnian cease-fire, ended inconclusive talks with the Sarajevo government and headed for Belgrade to try his luck with the Serbs.

One year ago: Defense¹⁰ Secretary William Cohen ordered a top-level investigation¹¹ of accounts of mass killings¹² of Korean civilians¹³ by US soldiers at No Gun Ri in 1950. A major leak at a uranium-processing plant in northeastern Japan exposed dozens of people to radiation. German novelist Guenter Grass wins the Nobel Prize in literature. The San Francisco Giants played the Los Angeles Dodgers¹⁴ in the last baseball game at Candlestick Park (3Com Park); the Dodgers won, 9-to-4.