“干洗”是怎么来的

如今我们都知道一些高级时装要干洗才能保证它们始终光鲜亮丽，可你知道干洗是怎么来的吗？干洗剂又都是些什么东西呢？

Like many inventions, dry cleaning came about by accident. In 1855, Jean Baptiste Jolly, a French dye-works owner, noticed that his table cloth became cleaner after his maid accidentally overturned a kerosene¹ lamp on it. Operating through his dye-works company, Jolly offered a new service and called it "dry cleaning."

Early dry cleaners used a variety of solvents²（溶剂）-- including gasoline and kerosene -- to clean clothes and fabrics⁴. In the United States, the dry-cleaning industry is fairly new and has developed only during the past 75 years. Since World War II ended, the volatile⁵（挥发性的） synthetic⁶（合成的） solvents carbon tetrachloride（四氯化物）and trichlorethylene（三氯乙烯） gave way to a product known as perchlorethylene (perc四氯乙烯), which became the overwhelming solvent³ choice for the industry. It was not only safer and faster, but did a much better job of cleaning, required less massive equipment, less floor space, and could be installed in retail⁷ locations offering excellent quality one-hour service.

As a result of this innovation, the majority of clothes today are cleaned by perc. A proliferation of cleaning franchises⁸ and dry-cleaning businesses offering fast service from convenient, clean, and attractive locations evolved to change the industry into what we see today.