历史上的今天:11月14日

时间：2009-11-23 00:07:30

（单词翻译:单击）

Today's Highlight in History:
On November 14th, 1900, Aaron Copland, one of America's leading composers of the 20th century, was born in New York City.

On this date:
In 1851, Herman Melville's novel "Moby Dick" was first published in the United States.

In 1881, Charles J. Guiteau went on trial for assassinating¹ President Garfield. (Guiteau was convicted and hanged the following year.)

In 1922, the British Broadcasting Corporation began its domestic（国内的，家庭的） radio service.

In 1935, President Roosevelt proclaimed（宣布，公告） the Philippine Islands a free commonwealth².

In 1940, during World War Two, German planes destroyed most of the English town of Coventry.

In 1944, Tommy Dorsey and Orchestra recorded "Opus No. 1" for -CA Victor.

In 1969, "Apollo 12" blasted off（点火起飞） for the moon.

In 1972, the Dow Jones Industrial Average closed above the 1,000 level for the first time, ending the day at 1003.16.

In 1973, Britain's Princess Anne married Captain Mark Phillips in Westminster Abbey. (They divorced in 1992, and Anne re-married.)

In 1996, Cardinal³ Joseph Bernardin, leader of Chicago's 2.3 million Catholics, died at age 68.

Ten years ago: President Bush told congressional leaders he had no immediate⁴ plans to go to war in the Persian Gulf⁵（波斯湾）. British commentator⁶ Malcolm Muggeridge died in Sussex, England, at age 87. Simon and Schuster announced it had dropped plans to publish the controversial Bret Easton Ellis novel "American Psycho."

Five years ago: The US government instituted（设立） a partial shutdown, closing national parks and museums while government offices operated with skeleton（骨架，纲要） crews. US Representative Enid Greene Waldholtz (Republican, Utah) filed for divorce from her husband, Joe, who was under federal investigation⁷ for possible campaign financing improprieties. (Joe Waldholtz spent 22 months in federal prison.)

One year ago: Democrat⁸ Bill Bradley took center court at New York's Madison Square Garden for a $1.5 million presidential campaign fund-raiser that featured his old Knick teammates and former basketball rivals. The United Nations imposed sanctions（制裁，处罚） on Afghanistan for refusing to hand over suspected terrorist Osama bin⁹ Laden¹⁰.

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1 assassinating
v.暗杀( assassinate的现在分词 )；中伤；诋毁；破坏
参考例句：
They struck a blow for freedom by assassinating the colonial governor. 他们为了自由而奋力一博，暗杀了那位殖民地总督。来自互联网

2 commonwealth
n.共和国，联邦，共同体
参考例句：
He is the chairman of the commonwealth of artists.他是艺术家协会的主席。 Most of the members of the Commonwealth are nonwhite.英联邦的许多成员国不是白人国家。

3 cardinal
n.(天主教的)红衣主教；adj.首要的，基本的
参考例句：
This is a matter of cardinal significance.这是非常重要的事。 The Cardinal coloured with vexation. 红衣主教感到恼火，脸涨得通红。

4 immediate
adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的
参考例句：
His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。 We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

5 gulf
n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂
参考例句：
The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。 There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

6 commentator
n.注释者，解说者；实况广播评论员
参考例句：
He is a good commentator because he can get across the game.他能简单地解说这场比赛，是个好的解说者。 The commentator made a big mistake during the live broadcast.在直播节目中评论员犯了个大错误。

7 investigation
n.调查，调查研究
参考例句：
In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。 He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

8 democrat
n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员
参考例句：
The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。 About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

9 bin
n.箱柜；vt.放入箱内；[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件
参考例句：
He emptied several bags of rice into a bin.他把几袋米倒进大箱里。 He threw the empty bottles in the bin.他把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱。

10 laden
adj.装满了的；充满了的；负了重担的；苦恼的
参考例句：
He is laden with heavy responsibility.他肩负重任。 Dragging the fully laden boat across the sand dunes was no mean feat.将满载货物的船拖过沙丘是一件了不起的事。