中华人民共和国行政诉讼法 5

第四十一条 提起诉讼应当符合下列条件：

 

Article 41 The following requirements shall be met when a suit is brought:

 

（一）原告是认为具体行政行为侵犯其合法权益的公民、法人或者其他组织；

 

(1) the plaintiff must be a citizen, a legal person or any other organization that considers a specific administrative¹ act to have infringed² upon his or its lawful³ rights and interests;

 

（二）有明确的被告；

 

(2) there must be a specific defendant⁴ or defendants⁵;

 

（三）有具体的诉讼请求和事实根据；

 

(3) there must be a specific claim and a corresponding factual basis for the suit;

 

（四）属于人民法院受案范围和受诉人民法院管辖。

 

and (4) the suit must fall within the scope of cases acceptable to the people's courts and the specific jurisdiction⁶ of the people's court where it is filed.

 

第四十二条 人民法院接到起诉状，经审查，应当在七日内立案或者作出裁定不予受理。原告对裁定不服的，可以提起上诉。

 

Article 42 When a people's court receives a bill of complaint, it shall, upon examination, file a case within seven days or decide to reject the complaint. If the plaintiff refuses to accept the decision, he may appeal to a people's court.

 

第七章 审理和判决

 

Chapter VII Trial and Judgment⁷

 

第四十三条 人民法院应当在立案之日起五日内，将起诉状副本发送被告。

 

Article 43 A people's court shall send a copy of the bill of complaint to the defendant within five days of filing the case.

 

被告应当在收到起诉状副本之日起十日内向人民法院提交作出具体行政行为的有关材料，并提出答辩状。

 

The defendant shall provide the people's court with the documents on the basis of which a specific administrative act has been undertaken and file a bill of defence within ten days of receiving the copy of the bill of complaint.

 

人民法院应当在收到答辩状之日起五日内，将答辩状副本发送原告。

 

The people's court shall send a copy of the bill of defence to the plaintiff within five days of receiving it.

 

被告不提出答辩状的，不影响人民法院审理。

 

Failure by the defendant to file a bill of defence shall not prevent the case from being tried by the people's court.

 

第四十四条 诉讼期间，不停止具体行政行为的执行。但有下列情形之一的，停止具体行政行为的执行：

 

Article 44 During the time of legal proceedings⁸, execution of the specific administrative act shall not be suspended. Execution of the specific administrative act shall be suspended under one of the following circumstances:

 

（一）被告认为需要停止执行的；

 

(1) where suspension is deemed necessary by the defendant;

 

（二）原告申请停止执行，人民法院认为该具体行政行为的执行会造成难以弥补的损失，并且停止执行不损害社会公共利益，裁定停止执行的；

 

(2) where suspension of execution is ordered by the people's court at the request of the plaintiff because, in the view of the people's court, execution of the specific administrative act will cause irremediable losses and suspension of the execution will not harm public interests;

 

（三）法律、法规规定停止执行的。

 

 or (3) where suspension of execution is required by the provisions of laws or regulations.

 

第四十五条 人民法院公开审理行政案件，但涉及国家秘密、个人隐私和法律另有规定的除外。

 

Article 45 Administrative cases in the people's courts shall be tried in public, except for those that involve state secrets or the private affairs of individuals or are otherwise provided for by law.

 

第四十六条 人民法院审理行政案件，由审判员组成合议庭，或者由审判员、陪审员组成合议庭。合议庭的成员，应当是三人以上的单数。

 

Article 46 Administrative cases in the people's courts shall be tried by a collegial panel of judges or of judges and assessors. The number of members of a collegial panel shall be an odd number of three or more.

 

第四十七条 当事人认为审判人员与本案有利害关系或者有其他关系可能影响公正审判，有权申请审判人员回避。

 

Article 47 If a party considers a member of the judicial⁹ personnel to have an interest in the case or to be otherwise related to it, which may affect the impartial¹⁰ handling of the case, the party shall have the right to demand his withdrawal¹¹.

 

审判人员认为自己与本案有利害关系或者有其他关系，应当申请回避。

 

If a member of the judicial personnel considers himself to have an interest in the case or to be otherwise related to it, he shall apply for withdrawal.

 

前两款规定，适用于书记员、翻译人员、鉴定人、勘验人。

 

The provisions of the two preceding paragraphs shall apply to court clerks, interpreters, expert witnesses and persons who conduct inquests.

 

院长担任审判长时的回避，由审判委员会决定；

 

The withdrawal of the president of the court as the chief judge shall be decided¹² by the court's adjudication committee;

 

审判人员的回避，由院长决定；其他人员的回避，由审判长决定。

 

the withdrawal of a member of the judicial personnel shall be decided by the president of the court;　the withdrawal of other personnel shall be decided by the chief judge.

 

当事人对决定不服的，可以申请复议。

 

Parties who refuse to accept the decision may apply for reconsideration.

 

第四十八条 经人民法院两次合法传唤，原告无正当理由拒不到庭的，视为申请撤诉；被告无正当理由拒不到庭的，可以缺席判决。

 

Article 48 If the plaintiff refuses to appear in court without justified¹³ reasons after being twice legally summoned by the people's court, the court shall consider this an application for the withdrawal of the suit; if the defendant refuses to appear in court without justified reasons, the court may make a judgment by default.

 

第四十九条 诉讼参与人或者其他人有下列行为之一的，人民法院可以根据情节轻重，予以训诫、责令具结悔过或者处一千元以下的罚款、十五日以下的拘留；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：

 

Article 49 If a participant in the proceedings or any other person commits any of the following acts, the people's court may, according to the seriousness of his offence, reprimand him, order him to sign a statement of repentance¹⁴ or impose upon him a fine of not more than 1,000 yuan or detain him for not longer than 15 days; if a crime is constituted, his criminal responsibility shall be investigated:

 

（一）有义务协助执行的人，对人民法院的协助执行通知书，无故推拖、拒绝或者妨碍执行的；

 

(1) evading¹⁵ without reason, refusing to assist in or obstructing¹⁶ the execution of the notice of a people's court for assistance in its execution by a person who has the duty to render assistance;

 

（二）伪造、隐藏、毁灭证据的；

 

(2) forging, concealing¹⁷ or destroying evidence;

 

（三）指使、贿买、胁迫他人作伪证或者威胁、阻止证人作证的；

 

(3) instigating¹⁸, suborning or threatening others to commit perjury¹⁹ or hindering witnesses from giving testimony²⁰;

 

（四）隐藏、转移、变卖、毁损已被查封、扣押、冻结的财产的；

 

(4) concealing, transferring, selling or destroying the property that has been sealed up, seized or frozen;

 

（五）以暴力、威胁或者其他方法阻碍人民法院工作人员执行职务或者扰乱人民法院工作秩序的；

 

(5) using violence, threats or other means to hinder the personnel of a people's court from performing their duties or disturbing the order of the work of a people's court;

 

（六）对人民法院工作人员、诉讼参与人、协助执行人侮辱、诽谤、诬陷、殴打或者打击报复的。

 

or (6) insulting, slandering²¹, framing, beating or retaliating²² against the personnel of a people's court, participants in proceedings or personnel who assist in the execution of duties;

 

罚款、拘留须经人民法院院长批准。当事人对决定不服的，可以申请复议。

 

A fine or detention²³ must be approved by the president of a people's court. Parties who refuse to accept the punishment decision may apply for reconsideration.

 

第五十条 人民法院审理行政案件，不适用调解。

 

Article 50 A people's court shall not apply conciliation²⁴ in handling an administrative case.

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