为胖人伸冤 肥胖≠懒惰

时间：2007-05-28 07:17:01

（单词翻译:单击）

Fat equals lazy?

Doctors are guilty of wrongly believing that obese1 people are simply lazy, research suggests.

Researchers at Yale University said the findings highlight the difficulty in tackling the stigma2 around obesity3.

Many obese people complain that others believe they are overweight simply because they eat too much or fail to exercise.

This is despite the fact that obesity can be caused by a variety of other factors, such as genes4 and environment.

Dr Marlene Schwartz and colleagues carried out psychological tests on 389 professionals who treat and study obese people.

They found that younger professionals, in particular, were most likely to have unfavourable stereotypes5 of obese people.

Workers who did not deal directly with obese patients were also inclined to see them in an unfavourable light.

"On both implicit6 and explicit7 measures, health professionals associated the stereotypes lazy, stupid and worthless with obese people," said Dr Schwartz.

"The stigma of obesity is so strong that even those most knowledgeable8 about the condition infer that obese people have blameworthy behavioural characteristics that contribute to their problem, i.e. being lazy," she said.

"Furthermore, these biases9 extend to core characteristics of intelligence and personal worth."

Dr Ian Campbell of the UK's National Obesity Forum10 said he was not surprised by the findings and said they would probably be replicated11 if the test was carried out on British doctors.

"It is disappointing but it is not surprising to see that health professionals have the same ingrained prejudice against obese people as the general public," he said.

"It is becoming increasingly clear that as much as 80% of people who are obese are predisposed genetically13.

"Although it is very rare to find a case where obesity is purely14 genetic12, there are many cases where it is not in the patient's control."

He said it was unhelpful for doctors to be biased15 against obese patients.

"It is important for doctors and other health professionals to show understanding and enthusiasm for change.

"If a doctor is biased against the patient's efforts, then it is unlikely to have a good outcome."

　

研究表明：医生们错误的认为肥胖完全是因为懒惰，他们这样说是有罪的。

耶鲁大学的研究者们说该结果突出了一个问题——要解除肥胖带来的恶名不那么容易。

许多肥胖的人抱怨说别人都以为他们过度肥胖就是因为他们贪吃，或者是缺乏运动。

然而事实并非如此。造成肥胖的因素多种多样，例如基因和环境。

马琳·施瓦茨医生和他的同事对389名治疗和研究肥胖病人的医护人员进行了心理测试。

他们发现特别是一些较年轻的医护人员更容易对肥胖病人有偏见。

那些不直接和肥胖病人打交道的工作人员也倾向于对他们另眼相看。

“不管是用含蓄的还是直接的方式，医护人员总是将懒惰、愚蠢、无用和肥胖的人联系起来，”施瓦茨医生说。

她说：“肥胖的名声太坏，甚至那些健康知识非常渊博的人也推断肥胖患者是因为养成了不当的行为习惯，例如懒惰，才导致肥胖。”

“而且，这些偏见扩大到智力和个人价值等核心特征。”

英国国家肥胖论坛的伊恩·坎贝尔医生说他对这样的发现并不感到惊讶，如果在英国医生中进行这样的测试，结果可能会雷同。

“医护人员和大众一样对肥胖病人有根深蒂固的偏见，这一发现让我们感到失望但并不出乎意料，”他说。

“现在越来越明显，将近80%的肥胖病人是受基因的影响。”

“尽管很少发现肥胖完全是因为基因引起的，但是在许多病例中病人是无法控制发胖的。”

他说医生对肥胖病人有偏见是没有好处的。

“医生和其它医护人员应该理解和积极支持病人改变现状，这一点很重要。”

“如果医生对病人的努力有偏见，那么就不太可能有好结果。”

分享到：


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 obese uvIya     
adj.过度肥胖的，肥大的
参考例句：
  • The old man is really obese,it can't be healthy.那位老人确实过于肥胖了，不能算是健康。
  • Being obese and lazy is dangerous to health.又胖又懒危害健康。
2 stigma WG2z4     
n.耻辱，污名；(花的)柱头
参考例句：
  • Being an unmarried mother used to carry a social stigma.做未婚母亲在社会上曾是不光彩的事。
  • The stigma of losing weighed heavily on the team.失败的耻辱让整个队伍压力沉重。
3 obesity Dv1ya     
n.肥胖，肥大
参考例句：
  • One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
  • Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。
4 genes 01914f8eac35d7e14afa065217edd8c0     
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
5 stereotypes 1ff39410e7d7a101c62ac42c17e0df24     
n.老套，模式化的见解，有老一套固定想法的人( stereotype的名词复数 )v.把…模式化，使成陈规( stereotype的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
  • Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes. 这样的笑话容易渲染种族偏见。
  • It makes me sick to read over such stereotypes devoid of content. 这种空洞无物的八股调，我看了就讨厌。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
6 implicit lkhyn     
a.暗示的，含蓄的，不明晰的，绝对的
参考例句：
  • A soldier must give implicit obedience to his officers. 士兵必须绝对服从他的长官。
  • Her silence gave implicit consent. 她的沉默表示默许。
7 explicit IhFzc     
adj.详述的，明确的；坦率的；显然的
参考例句：
  • She was quite explicit about why she left.她对自己离去的原因直言不讳。
  • He avoids the explicit answer to us.他避免给我们明确的回答。
8 knowledgeable m2Yxg     
adj.知识渊博的；有见识的
参考例句：
  • He's quite knowledgeable about the theatre.他对戏剧很有心得。
  • He made some knowledgeable remarks at the meeting.他在会上的发言颇有见地。
9 biases a1eb9034f18cae637caab5279cc70546     
偏见( bias的名词复数 )； 偏爱； 特殊能力； 斜纹
参考例句：
  • Stereotypes represent designer or researcher biases and assumptions, rather than factual data. 它代表设计师或者研究者的偏见和假设，而不是实际的数据。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • The net effect of biases on international comparisons is easily summarized. 偏差对国际比较的基本影响容易概括。
10 forum cilx0     
n.论坛，讨论会
参考例句：
  • They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
  • The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。
11 replicated 08069c56938bbf6ddcc01ee2fd848af5     
复制( replicate的过去式和过去分词 )； 重复； 再造； 再生
参考例句：
  • Later outplant the seedlings in a replicated permanent test plantation. 以后苗木出圃栽植成重复的永久性试验林。
  • The phage has replicated and the donor cells have lysed. 噬菌体已复制和给体细胞已发生裂解。
12 genetic PgIxp     
adj.遗传的，遗传学的
参考例句：
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
13 genetically Lgixo     
adv.遗传上
参考例句：
  • All the bees in the colony are genetically related. 同一群体的蜜蜂都有亲缘关系。
  • Genetically modified foods have already arrived on American dinner tables. 经基因改造加工过的食物已端上了美国人的餐桌。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 基因与食物
14 purely 8Sqxf     
adv.纯粹地，完全地
参考例句：
  • I helped him purely and simply out of friendship.我帮他纯粹是出于友情。
  • This disproves the theory that children are purely imitative.这证明认为儿童只会单纯地模仿的理论是站不住脚的。
15 biased vyGzSn     
a.有偏见的
参考例句：
  • a school biased towards music and art 一所偏重音乐和艺术的学校
  • The Methods: They employed were heavily biased in the gentry's favour. 他们采用的方法严重偏袒中上阶级。

©2005-2010英文阅读网