GMAT新黄金80题及范文(三)f

40. “With the increasing emphasis on a global economy and international cooperation, people need to understand that their role as citizens of the world is more important than their role as citizens of a particular country.”
“随着对全球经济和跨国公司的关注增加，人们需要理解他们作为世界公民的角色比作为一个特定国家的公民的角色更重要。” 
1.       两者并不是完全对立的环保
2.       事实上两者可以相互促进一个人在一个国家做慈善工作很可能也会有一天为别的国家的人服务
3.       当两者冲突的时候哪个更重要取决与不同的情况。
代替取代supersede compatible be compatible with... citizenship² domain³ This one person would be acting⁴ consistently as a citizen of community, state, nation and world.admittedly conflicting obligation arise dual⁵ Admittedly, conflicting/clashing/discordant obligations sometimes arise as a result of our new dual citizenship.obligatory⁶ In sum, although our "dual" citizenship may at times lead to conflict, one role need not automatically take precedence over the other. more often than not The relationship between the two roles is, more often than not, a complementary one, and can even be synergistic. synergistic coactive complement⁷ complementary supplement
1.      有时, 很多问题是全球性的,需要世界公民的角度考虑,而非只站在一国角度. 比如,环境问题, 能源问题, 等等. 人们应该为整个地球负责任,而不仅仅是为了一个民族或国家. 因为, 如果是后者, 则很有可能只解决自己的问题, 而把危害转移到别的国家. shift the burden and threats from one nation to another…比如: 出口垃圾,比如大量进口发展中国家的木材.虽然自己的国家暂时解决了问题,但长远看, 没有国家孤立地存在, 不能short-sight and narrow mind, 因为interdependent.
2.      但这不意味着人们就要discard or weaken their role as citizens of one nation. 其实两者并不是incompatible, 更多时候, 可以作为complementary one—and can even be synergistic.比如the preservation⁹ of traditional culture, 人们作为一国公民,保护自己独特文化的同时, 实际上也为全球的diversity of culture作出了positive effort. 比如, 为一个国家的public service付出努力的同时, 很可能激发起公民的社会责任感和compassion and responsibility, 参与到国际public service 中, 比如很多charitarian就开始从对本国的慈善事业subsidize the school in one nation也激发起对attention to the education in the international scope.
 
View1: people’s role as citizens of the world is become more and more important in the modern society.
View2: Without the awareness¹¹ of being citizens of a particular country, people will find no roots to behave on the stage of the world. 
View3: these two roles, national and international, are not mutually exclusive alternatives. They can be properly combined. 
 
With the growth of the global economy and the need for international cooperation, every human being has assumed a role as citizen of the world. Does this mean that our roles as citizens of our respective nations are thereby¹² superseded¹³ by our role as world citizens, as the speaker suggests? Not at all. Good citizenship at one level is often compatible with good citizenship at another. In fact, being a good citizen in one social domain can help one be a better citizen in another.
Good global citizenship is not incompatible⁸ with good citizenship at other levels. Consider, for example, one’s efforts as a citizen to preserve the natural environment. One particular person might, for example: (1) lobby legislators to enact¹⁴ laws preserving an endangered redwood forest, (2) campaign for nationally-elected officials who support clean air laws, and (3) contribute to international rainforest (n. 雨林) preservation organizations. This one person would be acting consistently as a citizen of community, state, nation and world.
Admittedly, conflicting obligations sometimes arise as a result of our new “dual” citizenship. For example, a U.S. military official with an advisory¹⁵ role in a United Nations peace-keeping force might face conflicting courses of action—one that would secure U.S. military interests, and another that would better serve international interests. However, the fact that such a conflict exists does not mean that either action is automatically more obligatory—that is, that one’s role as either U.S. citizen or world citizen must invariably supersede¹ the other. Instead, this situation should be resolved by carefully considering and weighing the consequences of each course of action.
Moreover, being a good citizen in one social context can often help one be a better citizen in another. For example, volunteering to help underprivileged children in one’s community might inspire one to work for an international child-welfare organization. And inculcating civic¹⁶ values—such as charity and civic pride—may give rise to personal traits of character that transfer to all social domains¹⁷ and contexts.
In sum, although our “dual” citizenship may at times lead to conflicts, one role need not automatically take precedence over the other. Moreover, the relationship between the two roles is, more often than not, a complementary one—and can even be synergistic.