GRE作文入门修炼和进阶提高攻略(3)

WHICH ONE类：题干中明确要求考生做“二选一”的选择，比如：

99."In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or political-the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic point of view. PraGMATic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate¹ options."

由于是“二选一”，因而作文者有三种回应倾向：选A，选B或A，B中和。那么我们可以提炼出两种基本模式：

1、单选：1、选A(或B)的基本理由；2、选A的好处；3、相较之A，选B有什么坏处。

2、双选：1、选A的基本理由和好处；2、选B的基本理由和好处；3、A和B同时兼备的好处。

由于GRE作文开放式的话题，很少有东西“全坏”或“全好”，所以奉劝考生尽量学会使用“双选”模式，但是有志于“创新”的同学可以尝试用“单选”，它往往让你的作文“另类而出彩”，前面已有范文作过示范，请予以参照。下面的范文选用重点掌握的“双选”模式，读者注意其论证构思的过程。

(范文)

As one of the famous philosophers ever writes,“the dream leads our sights toward the future, and the practice make our sense recognize how far away we still have to strive for.”During the recent decades, experts gradually have been divided into two opposite cults² respectively holds their own belief of idealism and empiricism, and through thousands of fervid³ controversies⁴ the latter seems having dominated the optimal⁵ status after showing the corroborative⁶ evidence stems from the practical exemplar in the process of society constructions. But, in my point of view, in this practical and competitive world, being practical is essential to one's survival, yet ideals give us a direction in our pursuit of success.

We can with no difficulty to find out the obvious fact that any human undertaking⁷ irrespective of the hard facts and rules of reality is destined⁸ to failure. Under the nib⁹ of Cervantes，the well known Spanish fiction writer, we clearly see the antic portrait of an eccentric man named Don Quixote equipped with mid-aged sword and lance just like a cavalier following by his allegiant servant. Severe fantasy of warfare¹⁰ separated from the bucolic¹¹ reality drives him to the desirous aspiration¹² to shape himself to be a hero, which ultimately catalyzes¹³ his ingenuous¹⁴ thoughts into the abysmal¹⁵ hallucination that cannot be dispelled¹⁶ by anything directly results in his tragedy. The similar case also can be found in the early time of last century, when the efficient use of energy has been evolved to the most popular issue and its immense profits prospect¹⁷ incites¹⁸ thousands of top scientists devoted¹⁹ their life-long research into the study of“permanent mobile machine”, something that once being given even a minor²⁰ ignorable energy can it operate eternally to produce endless energy as feedback, which at last after a long-range frustrated²¹ trials scientists find immediately contradicts the energy-permanence law, the natural principles applied²² to any existence in the world. Having realized the source of the failure, more attention should be threw onto the disciplines of action that focus on the conditional²³ reality.

However, ideals give us hope and enthusiasm, lifting us to new heights and helping²⁴ us to overcome self-imposed limitations. Today, most of the nations who embrace the world's most sophisticated scientific technology ought to, in a sense, thank for the scientifically idealistic writers' sharing their affluent²⁵ wisdom and imagination with the vast populace. The super-acoustic airplanes, the man-seated spaceship, and the artificial intelligence now all steps out of the exotic episodes of fictions into our everyday life, in that inspirations themselves cannot automatically drop off from the empyrean but be quarried²⁶ from the deep soul of everyone, not just only the scientists because that's the common obligation for all members of community who are equal to them at this point of exploration. Scientists' contribution lies with the gift that using those descriptive originally materials in their efforts in trying to put them into actuality. Without the idealistic raw materials given by our writers or even ordinary citizens, I believe that even though we had much more experienced scientists no break-neck innovations would be worked out abruptly²⁷ change every faCETs²⁸ of human life.

Since the both paths surely in certain directions overlap²⁹, the theory castle filled with a person or a nation can be both idealistic and pragmatic at the same time is thus surrounded by the untenable fosse. As a student, as soon as the beginning day of the semester my tutor always inculcate the pedagogy to me that any successful student should establish a further progress goal according to his or her own actual situation then you will know where you are intended to go and how much you have to go through for this attainment³⁰, as a typical case in point.

In sum, idealism and pragmatism cannot be arbitrarily secluded³¹ as absolute contrary but indeed the seemly explicit³² boundary between them is somewhat flexible rather than unutterably rigid³³. The most effective measure we should take in our practical action is then taking the former as the fundamental blueprint³⁴ while the latter as the conditional base on which the former design can fulfill³⁵. (685 words)