金融英语阅读：零售对冲基金进入亚洲投资主流a

Retail¹ Hedge-Fund Mkt Perking² Up

　　HEDGE FUNDS are creeping into the investment mainstream³ in Asia as retail investors⁵ —— weary of several years of stock-market losses —— are increasingly attracted by the prospect⁶ of ending the year with more money than they started out with. Mutual⁷ funds may beat their benchmarks, but what fun is that when it means losing less than the index?

　　Mutual funds have never really caught on in this part of the world, but retail hedge funds just might —— given their possibility for world-beating returns, and despite that they offer a whole new category of major risk for the investor⁴.

　　And if hedge-fund companies are salivating to get going in Asia, it isn't hard to see why. Globally, hedge-fund assets have skyrocketed to US$600 billion in 2001 from US$45 billion in 1990, according to industry estimates. But Asian investors account for only around US$30 billion of those assets.

　　'We're seeing more interest in hedge funds because of the poor returns in the equity⁸ markets. Investors are tired of their fund outperforming a benchmark but still posting a loss,' says Ophelia Tong, investment director at HT Capital Management Ltd., a boutique hedge-fund firm that manages a US$25 million portfolio⁹.

　　The newest market for retail hedge-fund investors is Hong Kong, where regulators are scheduled to announce later this week how many funds have been authorized¹⁰ to sell to noninstitutional investors.

　　Singapore is set to release before the year's end revised guidelines for retail hedge funds, which include a S$20,000 (US$11,300) minimum for funds of hedge funds and S$100,000 minimum for single-strategy funds. (Wealthy investors across the Asian-Pacific region, especially in Japan and Australia, have had access to hedge funds for years either through their banks or directly through managers.)

　　Are well-to-do but not wealthy Asians ready to evaluate hedge funds properly? Unlike managers of traditional funds that make long-term investment decisions and stick by them, hedge-fund managers have the flexibility¹¹ to adjust their portfolio to take advantage of new opportunities or discrepancies¹² among markets or assets. It is precisely¹³ that flexibility that makes the fund manager the single biggest risk in investing in hedge funds.

　　It also makes investing in hedge funds as risky¹⁴ at times as investing in a single stock, which may make a hedge fund a poor substitute for the risk-averse investment in a mutual fund.

　　'Being able to analyze¹⁵ the quality of a single hedge fund is a highly complex and time-consuming process that a novice¹⁶ investor is not equipped to perform,' says Nicholas Chalmers, associate director of the Alternative Investment Group at Schroder Investment Management. Schroder has pending¹⁷ applications in Hong Kong for retail funds of hedge funds and single-strategy funds.

　　When it comes to choosing products, most advisers¹⁹ recommend funds of hedge funds over single-strategy funds. Funds of hedge funds usually invest in between 30 to 50 hedge funds and exposure to the underlying²⁰ portfolios²¹ is usually equally weighted. 'Investing in funds of hedge funds offers diversification²², which reduces the risk of losing your money,' says Malik Sarwar, Singapore-based regional director for investment at CitiGold, the consumer banking²³ arm of Citibank NA.

　　For investors brave enough to go with a single fund, one adviser¹⁸ recommends sticking with 'long/short equity' strategy. According to Stewart Aldcroft, managing director at Investec Asset Management Asia, long-short is the most popular among investors because it is the easiest to understand: the fund either buys stocks, or else sells them short. In ashort sale, an investor borrows securities and hopes to make a profit by buying an equal number of shares later at a lower price to replace the borrowed securities.