一批新英语词汇产生

时间：2010-08-22 05:47:32

（单词翻译:单击）

The World Cup, global warming and the credit crunch¹ have all inspired the latest additions to the English language.

世界杯、全球变暖和信贷危机催生了一批新的英语词汇。

The vuvuzela, the horn instrument which provided the soundtrack to this summer's football extravaganza（盛典，娱乐表演） in South Africa, is one new entry in the Oxford² Dictionary of English, which is based on how language is really used.

The battle to deal with climate change has given us carbon capture and storage - the process of trapping and storing carbon dioxide produced by burning fossil fuels（矿物燃料） - and geo-engineering - manipulation of environmental processes in an attempt to（力图，试图） counteract³ the effects of global warming.

The credit crunch（信贷危机） has introduced toxic⁴ debt to the language - debt with a high risk of default - and quantitative⁵ easing - the pumping of new money into the national supply by a central bank.

Cyberspace⁶ produces a constant supply of words and phrases. The dictionary now offers social media - websites and applications used for social networking - and microblogging, or posting short entries on a blog.

In all there are more than 2,000 new items in the third edition of the dictionary, which was originally published in 1998.

Other new entries are :

* wardrobe malfunction⁷（故障，失灵） : when someone exposes an intimate part of their body after clothing slips;

* chill pill: a notional pill to make someone calm;

* bromance: a close but non-sexual relationship between two men;

* LBD (little black dress): This refers to the simple evening or cocktail⁸ dress（酒会礼服） that, it is claimed, should be part of every womans wardrobe;

* frenemy: a person that one is friendly with despite a fundamental dislike.

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1 crunch
n.关键时刻；艰难局面；v.发出碎裂声
参考例句：
If it comes to the crunch they'll support us.关键时刻他们是会支持我们的。 People who crunch nuts at the movies can be very annoying.看电影时嘎吱作声地嚼干果的人会使人十分讨厌。

2 Oxford
n.牛津（英国城市）
参考例句：
At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。 This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。

3 counteract
vt.对…起反作用，对抗，抵消
参考例句：
The doctor gave him some medicine to counteract the effect of the poison.医生给他些药解毒。 Our work calls for mutual support.We shouldn't counteract each other's efforts.工作要互相支持，不要互相拆台。

4 toxic
adj.有毒的，因中毒引起的
参考例句：
The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。 There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere.爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。

5 quantitative
adj.数量的，定量的
参考例句：
He said it was only a quantitative difference.他说这仅仅是数量上的差别。 We need to do some quantitative analysis of the drugs.我们对药物要进行定量分析。

6 cyberspace
n.虚拟信息空间，网络空间，计算机化世界
参考例句：
She travels in cyberspace by sending messages to friends around the world.她利用电子空间给世界各地的朋友们发送信件。 The teens spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world of friends and family.青少年花费在电脑上的时间比他们和真正的朋友及家人在一起的时间要多。

7 malfunction
vi.发生功能故障，发生故障，显示机能失常
参考例句：
There must have been a computer malfunction.一定是出了电脑故障。 Results have been delayed owing to a malfunction in the computer.由于电脑发生故障，计算结果推迟了。

8 cocktail
n.鸡尾酒；餐前开胃小吃；混合物
参考例句：
We invited some foreign friends for a cocktail party.我们邀请了一些外国朋友参加鸡尾酒会。 At a cocktail party in Hollywood,I was introduced to Charlie Chaplin.在好莱坞的一次鸡尾酒会上，人家把我介绍给查理·卓别林。