美宇航局发现飓风茱莉亚迅速强化的线索

时间：2010-09-16 01:13:14

（单词翻译:单击）

Hurricane Julia intensified1 rapidly overnight and is now a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale and NASA's Aqua, Terra and TRMM satellites captured clues as they passed over her from space. The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM热带降水测量) satellite passed over intensifying3 hurricane Julia during the afternoon of Sept. 14 and captured very heavy rain falling at 1807 UTC (2:07 p.m. EDT). That heavy rainfall was a clue that she would intensify2 overnight, and today, Sept. 15, she has become a Category Four hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale.

TRMM's Precipitation Radar4 data showed that concentric rain bands circling Julia's center were dropping heavy rainfall at over 50 mm/hr (~2 inches). TRMM showed that the heaviest rainfall was located in powerful thunderstorms northwest of Julia's center of circulation. Julia's wind speeds increased to 115 knots (~132 mph) by early on Wednesday, September 15 making it a category four hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale.

On Sept. 14 at 12:40 UTC (8:40 a.m. EDT) the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument on NASA's Terra satellite captured a visible image of Hurricane Julia before her rapid intensification5. In that image, her eye was cloud-filled. Today Julia has "a clear eye structure with impressive cloud top enhancement," according to the National Hurricane Center which is a clear sign that she strengthened since Terra passed by on Sept. 14.

NASA's Aqua satellite flew over Julia today, Sept. 15. The Atmospheric6 Infrared7 Sounder (AIRS) instrument onboard captured an infrared image of Julia at 0353 UTC (Sept. 14 at 11:53 p.m. EDT) and did not yet show an eye, which developed later. It did show very strong thunderstorms around Julia's center where cloud heights were as cold as -63 degrees Fahrenheit8 and heavy rain was falling.

At 11 a.m. EDT today, Sept. 15, Julia's maximum sustained winds were near 135 mph. Julia is a much small storm than the monster that Igor has become. Igor's tropical storm-force winds extend out farther than 275 miles from the center, while Julia's extend 115 miles making her less than half the size of Igor.

The outflow from Hurricane Igor and a nearby upper-level low pressure area are combining to produce southerly wind shear9（风切变，乱流） over Julia, which is what the National Hurricane Center noted10 as the reasons her intensity11 leveled off this morning.

Julia was located about 595 miles west-northwest of the Cape12 Verde Islands, near latitude13 18.2 North and longitude14 32.7 West. Her estimated minimum central pressure is 950 millibars. Julia is moving toward the northwest near 15 mph and this general motion is expected to continue over the next day or two.

Julia is expected to maintain its intensity today before slowly weakening later on Sept. 16 from increased southerly wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures.


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1 intensified 4b3b31dab91d010ec3f02bff8b189d1a     
v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
  • Violence intensified during the night. 在夜间暴力活动加剧了。
  • The drought has intensified. 旱情加剧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
2 intensify S5Pxe     
vt.加强；变强；加剧
参考例句：
  • We must intensify our educational work among our own troops.我们必须加强自己部队的教育工作。
  • They were ordered to intensify their patrols to protect our air space.他们奉命加强巡逻，保卫我国的领空。
3 intensifying 6af105724a108def30288b810d78b276     
v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的现在分词 )；增辉
参考例句：
  • The allies are intensifying their air campaign. 联军部队正加大他们的空战强度。 来自辞典例句
  • The rest of the European powers were in a state of intensifying congestion. 其余的欧洲强国则处于越来越拥挤的状态。 来自英汉非文学 - 历史
4 radar kTUxx     
n.雷达，无线电探测器
参考例句：
  • They are following the flight of an aircraft by radar.他们正在用雷达追踪一架飞机的飞行。
  • Enemy ships were detected on the radar.敌舰的影像已显现在雷达上。
5 intensification 5fb4d5b75a27bb246c651ce88694cc97     
n.激烈化，增强明暗度；加厚
参考例句：
  • The intensification of the immunological response represents the body's natural defense. 增强免疫反应代表身体的自然保卫。 来自辞典例句
  • Agriculture in the developing nations is not irreversibly committed, to a particular pattern of intensification. 发展中国家的农业并没有完全为某种集约化形式所束缚。 来自辞典例句
6 atmospheric 6eayR     
adj.大气的，空气的；大气层的；大气所引起的
参考例句：
  • Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
  • Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。
7 infrared dx0yp     
adj./n.红外线(的)
参考例句：
  • Infrared is widely used in industry and medical science.红外线广泛应用于工业和医学科学。
  • Infrared radiation has wavelengths longer than those of visible light.红外辐射的波长比可见光的波长长。
8 Fahrenheit hlhx9     
n./adj.华氏温度；华氏温度计(的)
参考例句：
  • He was asked for the boiling point of water in Fahrenheit.他被问到水的沸点是华氏多少度。
  • The thermometer reads 80 degrees Fahrenheit.寒暑表指出华氏80度。
9 shear BzhwZ     
n.修剪，剪下的东西，羊的一岁；vt.剪掉，割，剥夺；vi.修剪，切割，剥夺，穿越
参考例句：
  • Every spring they shear off the sheep's wool and sell it.每年春天他们都要剪下羊毛去卖。
  • In the Hebrides they shear their sheep later than anywhere else.在赫伯里兹，剪羊毛的时间比其他任何地方都要晚。
10 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的，知名的
参考例句：
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
11 intensity 45Ixd     
n.强烈，剧烈；强度；烈度
参考例句：
  • I didn't realize the intensity of people's feelings on this issue.我没有意识到这一问题能引起群情激奋。
  • The strike is growing in intensity.罢工日益加剧。
12 cape ITEy6     
n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风
参考例句：
  • I long for a trip to the Cape of Good Hope.我渴望到好望角去旅行。
  • She was wearing a cape over her dress.她在外套上披着一件披肩。
13 latitude i23xV     
n.纬度，行动或言论的自由(范围)，(pl.)地区
参考例句：
  • The latitude of the island is 20 degrees south.该岛的纬度是南纬20度。
  • The two cities are at approximately the same latitude.这两个城市差不多位于同一纬度上。
14 longitude o0ZxR     
n.经线，经度
参考例句：
  • The city is at longitude 21°east.这个城市位于东经21度。
  • He noted the latitude and longitude,then made a mark on the admiralty chart.他记下纬度和经度，然后在航海图上做了个标记。

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