适度饮酒可降低代谢性疾病危险

时间：2010-11-30 02:22:05

（单词翻译:单击）

With the emergence¹ of an epidemic² of obesity³ and type 2 diabetes⁴ (DM) throughout the world, the association of lifestyle habits that may affect the risk of metabolic⁵ diseases（代谢性疾病） is especially important. Most prospective⁶ studies have shown that moderate drinkers tend to have about 30% lower risk of developing late onset⁷ diabetes than do non-drinkers, and moderate drinkers also tend to be at lower risk of developing metabolic syndrome⁸ (MS). A cross-sectional analysis of 6172 subjects age 35 -75 in Switzerland related varying levels of alcohol intake⁹ to the presence of DM, MS, and an index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Alcohol consumption was categorized as non-drinkers (0), low-risk (1󈝹 drinks a week), medium-to-high-risk (14󈞎) and very-high-risk (= 35) drinkers. 73% of participants consumed alcohol, 16% were medium-to-high-risk drinkers and 2% very-high risk drinkers

Study findings: In multivariate analysis, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome（综合症） , diabetes and mean HOMA-IR decreased with low-risk drinking and increased with high-risk drinking. Adjusted prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 24% in non-drinkers, 19% in low-risk, 20% in medium-to-high-risk and 29% in very-high-risk drinkers. Adjusted prevalence of diabetes was 6.0% in non-drinkers, 3.6% in low-risk, 3.8% in medium-to-high-risk and 6.7% in very-high-risk drinkers. These relationships did not differ according to beverage¹⁰（饮料） types.

Moderate drinkers also had the lowest weight, tryglycerides, and blood pressure. All drinkers had higher HDL-cholesterol¹¹ values (that is 'good cholesterol) than did non-drinkers.

Forum¹² comments:

Metabolic syndrome is the name given to a so called 'lifestyle disease', where patients exhibit multiple medical problems including high blood pressure, late on set diabetes, and high cholesterol（胆固醇） .

The strengths of this paper include being population-based and having a large number of subjects who reported that they consumed 14 or more drinks/week. Also, there was a good percentage (27%) of subjects reporting no alcohol intake during the one week of assessment¹³ used for classifying subjects. Another strength is the careful confirmation¹⁴ of drinking status with state-of-the-art laboratory tests. In multivariate（多元的） analysis, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, diabetes and mean HOMA-IR decreased with low-risk drinking and increased with high-risk drinking. No differences were noted¹⁵ according to the type of beverage consumed.

This is a cross-sectional analysis, so a causative relation between alcohol intake and the metabolic outcomes cannot be assessed. Still, the data supports much that has been shown in prospective studies. Several Forum members commented on potential problems when considering a number of physiologic¹⁶（生理的） conditions as the "metabolic syndrome" and focusing therapy on the syndrome; they believed that each metabolic factor should be evaluated and treated singly.

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收听单词发音

1 emergence
n.浮现，显现，出现，（植物）突出体
参考例句：
The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy.最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。 Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society.语言是随着社会的产生而产生，随着社会的发展而发展的。

2 epidemic
n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的
参考例句：
That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。 The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

3 obesity
n.肥胖，肥大
参考例句：
One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。 Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。

4 diabetes
n.糖尿病
参考例句：
In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。 Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

5 metabolic
adj.新陈代谢的
参考例句：
Impressive metabolic alternations have been undergone during embryogenesis.在胚胎发生期间经历了深刻的代谢变化。 A number of intoxicants are associated with metabolic acidosis.许多毒性物质可引起代谢性酸中毒。

6 prospective
adj.预期的，未来的，前瞻性的
参考例句：
The story should act as a warning to other prospective buyers.这篇报道应该对其他潜在的购买者起到警示作用。 They have all these great activities for prospective freshmen.这会举办各种各样的活动来招待未来的新人。

7 onset
n.进攻，袭击，开始，突然开始
参考例句：
The drug must be taken from the onset of the infection.这种药必须在感染的最初期就开始服用。 Our troops withstood the onset of the enemy.我们的部队抵挡住了敌人的进攻。

8 syndrome
n.综合病症；并存特性
参考例句：
The Institute says that an unidentified virus is to blame for the syndrome. 该研究所表示,引起这种综合症的是一种尚未确认的病毒。 Results indicated that 11 fetuses had Down syndrome. 结果表明有11个胎儿患有唐氏综合征。

9 intake
n.吸入，纳入；进气口，入口
参考例句：
Reduce your salt intake.减少盐的摄入量。 There was a horrified intake of breath from every child.所有的孩子都害怕地倒抽了一口凉气。

10 beverage
n.(水，酒等之外的)饮料
参考例句：
The beverage is often colored with caramel.这种饮料常用焦糖染色。 Beer is a beverage of the remotest time.啤酒是一种最古老的饮料。

11 cholesterol
n.（U）胆固醇
参考例句：
There is cholesterol in the cell of body.人体细胞里有胆固醇。 They are determining the serum-protein and cholesterol levels.他们正在测定血清蛋白和胆固醇的浓度。

12 forum
n.论坛，讨论会
参考例句：
They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。 The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。

13 assessment
n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额
参考例句：
This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。 What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

14 confirmation
n.证实，确认，批准
参考例句：
We are waiting for confirmation of the news.我们正在等待证实那个消息。 We need confirmation in writing before we can send your order out.给你们发送订购的货物之前，我们需要书面确认。

15 noted
adj.著名的，知名的
参考例句：
The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。 Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

16 physiologic
a.生理学的
参考例句：
Resections in children do not produce a permanent physiologic handicap. 在儿童中，肝切除不致引起永久性生理障碍。 Abnormally low or high body temperatute effect a variety of physiologic responses including lowered metabolic rate. 不正常的低或高体温会影响动物体各种不同的生理应答，包括低代谢率。