使抗癌药物更好溶于体液

Scientists are reporting successful application of the technology used in home devices to clean jewelry¹, dentures（假牙） , and other items to make anticancer drugs like tamoxifen（三苯氧胺） and paclitaxel（紫杉醇） dissolve more easily in body fluids, so they can better fight the disease. The process, described in ACS' journal, Langmuir, can make other poorly soluble² materials more soluble, and has potential for improving the performance of dyes, paints, rust³-proofing agents and other products. In the report, Yuri M. Lvov and colleagues point out that many drugs, including some of the most powerful anti-cancer medications, have low solubility⁴ in water, meaning they do not dissolve well. IV administration of large amounts can lead to clumping⁵ that blocks small blood vessels⁶, so doses sometimes must be kept below the most effective level. In addition, drug companies may discontinue work on very promising⁷ potential new drugs that have low solubility. The scientists note numerous efforts to improve the solubility of such medications, none of which have been ideal.

The scientists describe using sonification（可听化） , high-pitched sound waves like those in home ultrasonic⁸ jewelry and denture cleaners, to break anti-cancer drugs into particles so small that thousands would fit across the width of a human hair. Each particle of that power then gets several coatings with natural polysaccharides（多糖） that keep them from sticking together. The technique, termed nanoencapsulation, worked with several widely used anti-cancer drugs, raising the possibility that it could be used to administer more-effective doses of the medications. The report also described successful use to increase the solubility of ingredients in rust proofing agents, paints, and dyes.