在太空中观测火山灰动向

时间：2011-06-11 07:26:23

（单词翻译:单击）


This image shows the huge plume1 of sulphur dioxide that spewed from Chile's Puyehue-Cordón Caulle Volcanic2 Complex, which lies in the Andes about 600 km south of Santiago. After lying dormant3（休眠的，静止的） for more than 50 years, a series of rumbling4（隆隆声） earthquakes signalled the beginnings of this major volcanic eruption5. On 4 June, a fissure6 opened, sending a towering plume of volcanic ash and gas over 10 km high. Several thousand people were evacuated7 as a thick layer of ash and pumice fell（浮岩羽） and blanketed a wide area. Airports in Chile and Argentina were closed as a result.

The image was generated on 6 June using data from the Infrared8 Atmospheric9 Sounding Interferometer on Eumetsat's MetOp-A satellite. As the eruption continued, the image shows how strong winds initially10 swept the broad plume of sulphur dioxide northwards and then eastwards11 across Argentina and out over the southern Atlantic Ocean.

Strong westerly winds are common in this region because it lies within the belt of the 'Roaring Forties'. Since there is little land south of 40º, higher wind speeds can develop than at the same latitudes12（纬度） in the Northern Hemisphere.

Interestingly, over the South Atlantic, the plume take a sharp turn to the north as a pressure system causes the wind to change direction.

The Puyehue-Cordón Caulle complex is a chain of volcanoes that includes the Puyehue volcano, the Cordilera Nevada caldera and the Cordón Caulle rift13 zone. This event appears to have stemmed from the rift zone（裂谷带） and is the most serious since the eruption of 1960, also from the same vent14（发泄，出口） .

Chile has more than 3000 volcanoes, of which around 80 are currently active.

The image represents sulphur dioxide concentrations within the full vertical15 column of atmosphere. It was generated using data from the interferometer（干涉仪） , which was developed by the French space agency CNES for MetOp-A.


分享到：


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 plume H2SzM     
n.羽毛；v.整理羽毛，骚首弄姿，用羽毛装饰
参考例句：
  • Her hat was adorned with a plume.她帽子上饰着羽毛。
  • He does not plume himself on these achievements.他并不因这些成就而自夸。
2 volcanic BLgzQ     
adj.火山的；象火山的；由火山引起的
参考例句：
  • There have been several volcanic eruptions this year.今年火山爆发了好几次。
  • Volcanic activity has created thermal springs and boiling mud pools.火山活动产生了温泉和沸腾的泥浆池。
3 dormant d8uyk     
adj.暂停活动的；休眠的；潜伏的
参考例句：
  • Many animals are in a dormant state during winter.在冬天许多动物都处于睡眠状态。
  • This dormant volcano suddenly fired up.这座休眠火山突然爆发了。
4 rumbling 85a55a2bf439684a14a81139f0b36eb1     
n. 隆隆声, 辘辘声 adj. 隆隆响的 动词rumble的现在分词
参考例句：
  • The earthquake began with a deep [low] rumbling sound. 地震开始时发出低沉的隆隆声。
  • The crane made rumbling sound. 吊车发出隆隆的响声。
5 eruption UomxV     
n.火山爆发；（战争等）爆发；（疾病等）发作
参考例句：
  • The temple was destroyed in the violent eruption of 1470 BC.庙宇在公元前1470年猛烈的火山爆发中摧毁了。
  • The eruption of a volcano is spontaneous.火山的爆发是自发的。
6 fissure Njbxt     
n.裂缝；裂伤
参考例句：
  • Though we all got out to examine the fissure,he remained in the car.我们纷纷下车察看那个大裂缝，他却呆在车上。
  • Ground fissure is the main geological disaster in Xi'an city construction.地裂缝是西安市主要的工程地质灾害问题。
7 evacuated b2adcc11308c78e262805bbcd7da1669     
撤退者的
参考例句：
  • Police evacuated nearby buildings. 警方已将附近大楼的居民疏散。
  • The fireman evacuated the guests from the burning hotel. 消防队员把客人们从燃烧着的旅馆中撤出来。
8 infrared dx0yp     
adj./n.红外线(的)
参考例句：
  • Infrared is widely used in industry and medical science.红外线广泛应用于工业和医学科学。
  • Infrared radiation has wavelengths longer than those of visible light.红外辐射的波长比可见光的波长长。
9 atmospheric 6eayR     
adj.大气的，空气的；大气层的；大气所引起的
参考例句：
  • Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
  • Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。
10 initially 273xZ     
adv.最初，开始
参考例句：
  • The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
  • Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。
11 eastwards urxxQ     
adj.向东方（的），朝东（的）；n.向东的方向
参考例句：
  • The current sets strongly eastwards.急流迅猛东去。
  • The Changjiang River rolls on eastwards.长江滚滚向东流。
12 latitudes 90df39afd31b3508eb257043703bc0f3     
纬度
参考例句：
  • Latitudes are the lines that go from east to west. 纬线是从东到西的线。
  • It was the brief Indian Summer of the high latitudes. 这是高纬度地方的那种短暂的晚秋。
13 rift bCEzt     
n.裂口，隙缝，切口；v.裂开，割开，渗入
参考例句：
  • He was anxious to mend the rift between the two men.他急于弥合这两个人之间的裂痕。
  • The sun appeared through a rift in the clouds.太阳从云层间隙中冒出来。
14 vent yiPwE     
n.通风口，排放口；开衩；vt.表达，发泄
参考例句：
  • He gave vent to his anger by swearing loudly.他高声咒骂以发泄他的愤怒。
  • When the vent became plugged,the engine would stop.当通风口被堵塞时，发动机就会停转。
15 vertical ZiywU     
adj.垂直的，顶点的，纵向的；n.垂直物，垂直的位置
参考例句：
  • The northern side of the mountain is almost vertical.这座山的北坡几乎是垂直的。
  • Vertical air motions are not measured by this system.垂直气流的运动不用这种系统来测量。

©2005-2010英文阅读网