加纳利岛发现保存最好的山崩

时间：2011-10-10 05:24:24

（单词翻译:单击）

Volcanologists from the University of Leicester have uncovered one of the world's best-preserved accessible examples of a monstrous1（巨大的，怪异的） landslide2 that followed a huge volcanic3 eruption4 on the Canarian island of Tenerife. Seven hundred and thirty-three thousand years ago, the southeast slopes of Tenerife collapsed5 into the sea, during the volcanic eruption. The onshore remains6 of this landslide have just been discovered amid the canyons7（峡谷） and ravines（沟壑） of Tenerife's desert landscape by volcanologists Pablo Dávila-Harris and Mike Branney of the University of Leicester's Department of Geology.

The findings have been published in this October's edition of the international journal Geology. The research was funded by CONACYT, Mexico.

Dr Branney said: "It is one of the world's best-preserved accessible examples of such an awesome8 phenomenon, because the debris9 from such landslides10 mostly spreads far across the deep ocean floor, inaccessible11 for close study.

"The beautifully-displayed Tenerife rubble12 includes blocks of rapidly chilled lava13（火山岩浆） , added as the volcano erupted. Radioactive minerals within them enabled the researchers' colleague, Michael Storey at Roskilde University, Denmark, to provide such a precise date for this natural catastrophe14.

"Climate change is often invoked15 as a trigger for ocean-island landslides, but in this case it seems that a growing dome16 of hot lava triggered the landslide by pushing the side of the volcano outwards17.

"In the shattered landscape that remained, lakes formed as rivers were dammed by debris, and the change to the shape of the island altered the course of explosive volcanic eruptions18 for hundreds of thousands of years afterwards."

The researchers state that such phenomena19 are common but infrequent, and understanding them is vital, for their effects go far beyond a single ocean island. Tsunamis20 generated from such events may travel to devastate21 coastlines thousands of miles away.

"Understanding the Earth's more violent events will help us be prepared, should repeat performances threaten," they state.


分享到：


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 monstrous vwFyM     
adj.巨大的；恐怖的；可耻的，丢脸的
参考例句：
  • The smoke began to whirl and grew into a monstrous column.浓烟开始盘旋上升，形成了一个巨大的烟柱。
  • Your behaviour in class is monstrous!你在课堂上的行为真是丢人！
2 landslide XxyyG     
n.(竞选中)压倒多数的选票；一面倒的胜利
参考例句：
  • Our candidate is predicated to win by a landslide.我们的候选人被预言将以绝对优势取胜。
  • An electoral landslide put the Labour Party into power in 1945.1945年工党以压倒多数的胜利当选执政。
3 volcanic BLgzQ     
adj.火山的；象火山的；由火山引起的
参考例句：
  • There have been several volcanic eruptions this year.今年火山爆发了好几次。
  • Volcanic activity has created thermal springs and boiling mud pools.火山活动产生了温泉和沸腾的泥浆池。
4 eruption UomxV     
n.火山爆发；（战争等）爆发；（疾病等）发作
参考例句：
  • The temple was destroyed in the violent eruption of 1470 BC.庙宇在公元前1470年猛烈的火山爆发中摧毁了。
  • The eruption of a volcano is spontaneous.火山的爆发是自发的。
5 collapsed cwWzSG     
adj.倒塌的
参考例句：
  • Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
  • The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。
6 remains 1kMzTy     
n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹
参考例句：
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
7 canyons 496e35752729c19de0885314bcd4a590     
n.峡谷( canyon的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • This mountain range has many high peaks and deep canyons. 这条山脉有许多高峰和深谷。 来自辞典例句
  • Do you use canyons or do we preserve them all? 是使用峡谷呢还是全封闭保存？ 来自互联网
8 awesome CyCzdV     
adj.令人惊叹的，难得吓人的，很好的
参考例句：
  • The church in Ireland has always exercised an awesome power.爱尔兰的教堂一直掌握着令人敬畏的权力。
  • That new white convertible is totally awesome.那辆新的白色折篷汽车简直棒极了.
9 debris debris     
n.瓦砾堆，废墟，碎片
参考例句：
  • After the bombing there was a lot of debris everywhere.轰炸之后到处瓦砾成堆。
  • Bacteria sticks to food debris in the teeth,causing decay.细菌附着在牙缝中的食物残渣上，导致蛀牙。
10 landslides 5a0c95bd1e490515d70aff3ba74490cb     
山崩( landslide的名词复数 )； （山坡、悬崖等的）崩塌； 滑坡； （竞选中）一方选票占压倒性多数
参考例句：
  • Landslides have cut off many villages in remote areas. 滑坡使边远地区的许多村庄与外界隔绝。
  • The storm caused landslides and flooding in Savona. 风暴致使萨沃纳发生塌方和洪灾。
11 inaccessible 49Nx8     
adj.达不到的，难接近的
参考例句：
  • This novel seems to me among the most inaccessible.这本书对我来说是最难懂的小说之一。
  • The top of Mount Everest is the most inaccessible place in the world.珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最难到达的地方。
12 rubble 8XjxP     
n.（一堆）碎石，瓦砾
参考例句：
  • After the earthquake,it took months to clean up the rubble.地震后，花了数月才清理完瓦砾。
  • After the war many cities were full of rubble.战后许多城市到处可见颓垣残壁。
13 lava v9Zz5     
n.熔岩，火山岩
参考例句：
  • The lava flowed down the sides of the volcano.熔岩沿火山坡面涌流而下。
  • His anger spilled out like lava.他的愤怒像火山爆发似的迸发出来。
14 catastrophe WXHzr     
n.大灾难，大祸
参考例句：
  • I owe it to you that I survived the catastrophe.亏得你我才大难不死。
  • This is a catastrophe beyond human control.这是一场人类无法控制的灾难。
15 invoked fabb19b279de1e206fa6d493923723ba     
v.援引( invoke的过去式和过去分词 )；行使（权利等）；祈求救助；恳求
参考例句：
  • It is unlikely that libel laws will be invoked. 不大可能诉诸诽谤法。
  • She had invoked the law in her own defence. 她援引法律为自己辩护。 来自《简明英汉词典》
16 dome 7s2xC     
n.圆屋顶，拱顶
参考例句：
  • The dome was supported by white marble columns.圆顶由白色大理石柱支撑着。
  • They formed the dome with the tree's branches.他们用树枝搭成圆屋顶。
17 outwards NJuxN     
adj.外面的，公开的，向外的；adv.向外；n.外形
参考例句：
  • Does this door open inwards or outwards?这门朝里开还是朝外开？
  • In lapping up a fur,they always put the inner side outwards.卷毛皮时，他们总是让内层朝外。
18 eruptions ca60b8eba3620efa5cdd7044f6dd0b66     
n.喷发，爆发( eruption的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • There have been several volcanic eruptions this year. 今年火山爆发了好几次。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Over 200 people have been killed by volcanic eruptions. 火山喷发已导致200多人丧生。 来自辞典例句
19 phenomena 8N9xp     
n.现象
参考例句：
  • Ade couldn't relate the phenomena with any theory he knew.艾德无法用他所知道的任何理论来解释这种现象。
  • The object of these experiments was to find the connection,if any,between the two phenomena.这些实验的目的就是探索这两种现象之间的联系，如果存在着任何联系的话。
20 tsunamis a759fe8c9bbe15580d54b753ecec1e73     
n.海啸( tsunami的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Our oceans are alive with earthquakes, volcanoes, and more recently, tsunamis. 海中充满着地震、火山，包括最近发生的海啸。 来自常春藤生活英语杂志-2006年2月号
  • Please tell me something more about tsunamis! 请您给我讲讲海啸吧！ 来自辞典例句
21 devastate PZRzy     
v.使荒芜，破坏，压倒
参考例句：
  • A few days before,a fire had devastated large parts of Windsor Castle.几天前，温莎城堡的大部分被一场大火烧毁。
  • Earthquakes can also cause tsunamis,which devastate coastal regions.地震还引发海啸，它直接破坏海岸地区。

©2005-2010英文阅读网