Professor Erlin gave Philip a lesson every day. He made out a list of books which Philip was to read till he was ready for the final achievement of Faust, and meanwhile, ingeniously enough, started him on a German translation of one of the plays by Shakespeare which Philip had studied at school. It was the period in Germany of Goethe's highest fame. Notwithstanding his rather condescending¹ attitude towards patriotism² he had been adopted as the national poet, and seemed since the war of seventy to be one of the most significant glories of national unity³. The enthusiastic seemed in the wildness of the Walpurgisnacht to hear the rattle⁴ of artillery⁵ at Gravelotte. But one mark of a writer's greatness is that different minds can find in him different inspirations; and Professor Erlin, who hated the Prussians, gave his enthusiastic admiration⁶ to Goethe because his works, Olympian and sedate⁷, offered the only refuge for a sane⁸ mind against the onslaughts of the present generation. There was a dramatist whose name of late had been much heard at Heidelberg, and the winter before one of his plays had been given at the theatre amid the cheers of adherents⁹ and the hisses¹⁰ of decent people. Philip heard discussions about it at the Frau Professor's long table, and at these Professor Erlin lost his wonted calm: he beat the table with his fist, and drowned all opposition¹¹ with the roar of his fine deep voice. It was nonsense and obscene nonsense. He forced himself to sit the play out, but he did not know whether he was more bored or nauseated¹². If that was what the theatre was coming to, then it was high time the police stepped in and closed the playhouses. He was no prude and could laugh as well as anyone at the witty¹³ immorality¹⁴ of a farce¹⁵ at the Palais Royal, but here was nothing but filth¹⁶. With an emphatic¹⁷ gesture he held his nose and whistled through his teeth. It was the ruin of the family, the uprooting¹⁸ of morals, the destruction of Germany.

 

'Aber, Adolf,' said the Frau Professor from the other end of the table. 'Calm yourself.'

 

He shook his fist at her. He was the mildest of creatures and ventured upon no action of his life without consulting her.

 

'No, Helene, I tell you this,' he shouted. 'I would sooner my daughters were lying dead at my feet than see them listening to the garbage of that shameless fellow.'

 

The play was The Doll's House and the author was Henrik Ibsen.

 

Professor Erlin classed him with Richard Wagner, but of him he spoke¹⁹ not with anger but with good-humoured laughter. He was a charlatan²⁰ but a successful charlatan, and in that was always something for the comic spirit to rejoice in.

 

'Verruckter Kerl! A madman!' he said.

 

He had seen Lohengrin and that passed muster²¹. It was dull but no worse. But Siegfried! When he mentioned it Professor Erlin leaned his head on his hand and bellowed²² with laughter. Not a melody in it from beginning to end! He could imagine Richard Wagner sitting in his box and laughing till his sides ached at the sight of all the people who were taking it seriously. It was the greatest hoax²³ of the nineteenth century. He lifted his glass of beer to his lips, threw back his head, and drank till the glass was empty. Then wiping his mouth with the back of his hand, he said:

 

'I tell you young people that before the nineteenth century is out Wagner will be as dead as mutton. Wagner! I would give all his works for one opera by Donizetti.'

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