Fires Long Ago

We don't know how the first fire was made. Early fires on the earth were certainly caused by nature, not by man. Some were caused by lightning in a storm; others, perhaps by one hot material which came out of a volcano(火山). Quite possibly,at times,the heat of the sun set light to some dry grass or leaves. At first, man, Iike other animals, was probably afraid of fire. He saw that fire could destroy a forest; he knew that fire could hurt his body. So great was the power of fire that he feared it and worshipped it. Gradually, however, with his better powers of thinking, he overcame his fear. Probably he overcame most of his fear when he discovered how to make fire for himself, but, undoubtedly², he leamed some of the uses of fire before he could make one when and where he wished. Throughout the ages he has learned³ more about fire, how to control it, and how to use it in many ways. Now fire is no longer a master or a god, it is a servant. 

Again, at some early date, Man found how fire could be used to make certain metals from rocks. Some time later, he found out how to make the metal which we now call bronze(青铜). This is a mixture of copper⁴ and tin. Bronze was a very useful metal. It was hard and tough, but he could shape it by hammering (probably with heavy stones) . He could make a tool with a sharp edge for cutting. It isn't so easy to get iron from its ore¹ and this metal was probably not discovered until very much later.