性格悲观的人容易患痴呆症
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Pessimistic, anxious and depressed2 people may have a higher risk of dementia, U.S. researchers reported on Thursday.
A study of a group of 3,500 people showed that those who scored high for pessimism3 on a standardized4 personality test had a 30 percent increased risk of developing dementia 30 to 40 years later.
Those scoring very high on both anxiety and pessimism scales had a 40 percent higher risk, the study showed.
"There appears to be a dose-response pattern, i.e., the higher the scores, the higher the risk of dementia," Dr. Yonas Geda, a neuropsychiatrist at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota who led the study, said in a statement.
Geda and colleagues looked at the medical records of 3,500 men and women who lived near the clinic between 1962 and 1965.
They all took the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory5, a standard personality and life experience test, Geda 's team told a meeting of the American Academy of Neurology in Miami.
In 2004 the team interviewed the participants or family members.
Those who scored higher for anxiety and pessimism on the test were more likely, as a group, to have developed dementia by 2004, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular6 dementia.
This did not mean a person who is pessimistic could assume he or she has a higher risk of developing dementia.
"One has to be cautious in interpreting a study like this," Geda said.
"One cannot make a leap from group level data to the individual. Certainly the last thing you want to do is to say, 'Well, I am a pessimist1; thus, I am doomed7 to develop dementia 20 or 30 years later,' because this may end up becoming a self-fulfilling prophecy."
And there is not any specific way to prevent dementia, although many studies have shown that a healthy diet, exercise, keeping active in other ways, doing puzzles and other activities lower the risk. 

美国研究人员4月14日公布的一份研究报告显示,悲观、忧虑和情绪低落的人更容易在数十年后患老年痴呆等病症。
据路透社4月14日报道,这项研究的负责人,美国明尼苏达州梅约医学中心的神经精神病学家约纳斯·格达和他的同事们查看了3500名该中心附近的居民从1962年至1965年间的医疗记录。这些人都曾填写过明尼苏达州多项个性检查表(一项关于个性及生活经历的标准性测试)。
2004年,格达研究小组专门对这些人或他们的家人进行了相关调查。结果显示,那些在个性测试中悲观表现得分高的人在30年至40年之后出现痴呆的风险较之其他人要高出30%。另外,那些同时具有忧郁和悲观性格的人,其以后发生痴呆的风险也更大,要比常人高出40%。
报道说,痴呆是一种神经疾病,会影响人们的思考、讲话、记忆和行动过程。尽管有许多研究结果曾显示,健康的饮食、多做体育锻炼、保持积极心态、多做拼图游戏等活动可以降低患痴呆症的风险,但是目前还没有任何一种特效方法能够预防这种病症的发生。



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1 pessimist lMtxU     
n.悲观者;悲观主义者;厌世
参考例句:
  • An optimist laughs to forget.A pessimist forgets to laugh.乐观者笑着忘却,悲观者忘记怎样笑。
  • The pessimist sees difficulty in every opportunity.The optimist sees opportunity in every difficulty.悲观者在每个机会中都看到困难,乐观者在每个困难中都看到机会。
2 depressed xu8zp9     
adj.沮丧的,抑郁的,不景气的,萧条的
参考例句:
  • When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
  • His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。
3 pessimism r3XzM     
n.悲观者,悲观主义者,厌世者
参考例句:
  • He displayed his usual pessimism.他流露出惯有的悲观。
  • There is the note of pessimism in his writings.他的著作带有悲观色彩。
4 standardized 8hHzgs     
adj.标准化的
参考例句:
  • We use standardized tests to measure scholastic achievement. 我们用标准化考试来衡量学生的学业成绩。
  • The parts of an automobile are standardized. 汽车零件是标准化了的。
5 inventory 04xx7     
n.详细目录,存货清单
参考例句:
  • Some stores inventory their stock once a week.有些商店每周清点存货一次。
  • We will need to call on our supplier to get more inventory.我们必须请供应商送来更多存货。
6 vascular cidw6     
adj.血管的,脉管的
参考例句:
  • The mechanism of this anomalous vascular response is unknown.此种不规则的血管反应的机制尚不清楚。
  • The vascular changes interfere with diffusion of nutrients from plasma into adjacent perivascular tissue and cells.这些血管变化干扰了营养物质从血浆中向血管周围邻接的组织和细胞扩散。
7 doomed EuuzC1     
命定的
参考例句:
  • The court doomed the accused to a long term of imprisonment. 法庭判处被告长期监禁。
  • A country ruled by an iron hand is doomed to suffer. 被铁腕人物统治的国家定会遭受不幸的。
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