December is a time for twinkling lights, and scientists at the Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility are delivering. They've just produced a long-sought, rare color of laser light 100 times brighter than that generated anywhere else. The light was produced by Jefferson Lab's Free-Electron Laser facility. The laser delivered vacuum ultraviolet light in the form of 10 eV photons (a wavelength1 of 124 nanometers). This color of light is called vacuum ultraviolet because it is absorbed by molecules2 in the air, requiring its use in a vacuum.
"We have succeeded in delivering 10 eV photons for the first time," says George Neil, Jefferson Lab associate director for the FEL Division. "Using a hole out-coupling mirror on the Jefferson Lab Ultraviolet Demonstration3 FEL, we delivered vacuum ultraviolet harmonic（和声的） light to a calibrated4（标刻度的） VUV photodiode（发光二极管） and measured five nanojoules of fully5 coherent light in each micropulse."
The feat6 opens the door to many lines of research that were previously7 inaccessible8.
For instance, the FEL may soon enable a method of determining the age of materials that far outstrips9（超过，胜过） carbon dating. Radio-carbon dating allows scientists to estimate the age of some materials up to roughly 62,000 years. But radio-krypton dating could potentially allow scientists to determine the age of materials between 100,000 to 1 million years. The 10 eV light from the FEL would be used to produce so-called metastable（相对稳定的） krypton（氪气） atoms for use in this dating method. The method can contribute to ocean circulation models and maps of groundwater movement, as well as dating polar ice.
"This new laser is also a perfect tool to study novel materials with great potential for addressing issues such as energy and the environment," said Gwyn Williams, FEL basic research program manager.
"We still have a lot of work ahead of us before experiments can begin," Williams said. "In the new year, we'll be working to deliver light into a lab for measurement and future experiments. We hope to accomplish those goals by March."
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