Mayo Clinic researchers have shown that a specific protein pair may be a successful prognostic（预兆） biomarker for identifying smoking-related lung cancers. The protein -- ASCL1 -- is associated with increased expression of the RET oncogene, a particular cancer-causing gene¹ called RET. The findings appear in the online issue of the journal Oncogene. "This is exciting because we've found what we believe to be a 'drugable target' here," says George Vasmatzis, Ph.D., a Mayo Clinic molecular² medicine researcher and senior author on the study. "It's a clear biomarker for aggressive adenocarcinomas. These are the fast-growing cancer cells found in smokers³' lungs."

 

ASCL1 is known to control neuroendocrine（神经内分泌的） cell development and was previously⁴ linked to regulation of thyroid（甲状腺） and small cell lung cancer development, but not smoking-related lung cancer. The research also showed that patients with ASCL1 tumors with high levels of the RET oncogene（致癌基因） protein did not survive as long as ASCL1 patients with low levels of RET.

 

When researchers blocked the ASCL1 protein in lung cancer cell lines expressing both genes⁶, the level of RET decreased and tumor⁵ growth slowed. This leads researchers to believe this mechanism⁷ will be a promising⁸ target for potential drugs and a strong candidate for clinical trials.

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