考研英语核心词汇辨析(十一)

时间:2007-02-26 02:39:30

(单词翻译:单击)

invaluable1, valueless

invaluable a.无价的,非常宝贵的,相当于priceless。

Your help in moving the big refrigerator was invaluable.你帮忙搬那个大冰箱,你的帮助是可贵的。

valueless a.没有价值的,相当于worthless。

That bracelet2 is a cheap, valueless piece of jewelry3.那个手镯是一件便宜的、不值钱的首饰。

jealous, envious4

jealous a.妒忌的,暗含有憎恶与不好的感情。

He gets jealous when other man talks to his girlfriend.当别的男人和他的女朋友说话时间],他会很嫉妒。

envious a.羡慕的,强调攀比心理所造成的羡慕。

He is envious of my new car and wants one like it.他很羡慕我的新车,也想要一辆同样的。

judicial5, judicious6

这是一组形近易混词。

judicial a.司法的,法律的,法庭的。

The judicial system settles arguments between people.司法系统解决人与人之间的争端。

judicious a.果断的,明智的,是个正式用语。

He made a judicious decision to save money for his old age.他做了一个明智的决定,要为他的晚年攒钱。

minor7, inferior, secondary, subordinate

这一组形容词都有"次等"的意思。

minor a较少的,较小的,较次要的,常含有轻微的但并非不重要的意思。

We agreed on everything in the contract, even minor points.我们对合同中的一切问题,甚至是细枝末节都达成了一致。

inferior a.次等的,较劣的,差的,当"下级"讲时,强调职位的高低;当"次等"讲时,指素质、质量等的低劣。

Most wine from Switzerland is inferior to wine from France.产于瑞士的葡萄酒多数要比法国的差。

secondary a.第二等的,次要的,强调在重要性或顺序上处于第二位。

My job is of secondary importance to my health.我的工作比起身体来说不那么重要。

subordinate a.次要的,从属的,下级的,强调主次地位或支配和隶属的关系。

He was always friendly to his subordinate officers.她对下级官员一向和蔼可亲。

opt8, apt

这是一对形近易混词。

opt v.选择,抉择,后接for。

She opted9 for a winter vacation, instead of one in summer.她选择了在冬天休假而不是夏天。

apt a.易于……的,(后接to);恰当的,贴切的。

She is apt to make mistakes if you pressure her too much.如果你给她施加的压力过大,她就很容易出错。

rational, reasonable

rational a.理性的,区别于无理性;理智的,区别于感情用事的。

The rational thing to do was to take the sick man to a doctor.理智的做法是送病人去看医生。

reasonable a.有道理的,公平合理的,或指人讲道理的。

That man works very hard, so it is reasonable for him to ask for more money.那个人工作努力,所以他要求加薪是合情合理的。

refrain, restrain, constrain10

refrain v.抑制,禁止,强调抑制一种冲动,是正式用语,为不及物动词,后接介词from。

Students refrain from smoking in the classroom.学生们克制住不在教师抽烟。

restrain v.抑制,约束,指通过管束阻止某事发生,是及物动词,其习惯用法是restrain sb. (sth.) from doing。

She restrains her dog by walking him on a leash11.溜狗时,她牵着狗来限制它的活动。

constrain v.强迫,力劝,是及物动词。

A law constrains12 the government from spending more money than it takes in.法律限制政府开支大于收入。

respectable, respectful, respective

这是一组形近易混词。

respectable a.值得尊敬的,有好名声的。

They are respectable people who are liked and trusted in their town.他们在家乡是受人们敬爱和信任的人。

respectful a.尊敬他人的,恭敬的。

Students and teachers should have a respectful attitude toward each other.师生应该相互彬彬有礼。

respective a.单个的,分别的。


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1 invaluable s4qxe     
adj.无价的,非常宝贵的,极为贵重的
参考例句:
  • A computer would have been invaluable for this job.一台计算机对这个工作的作用会是无法估计的。
  • This information was invaluable to him.这个消息对他来说是非常宝贵的。
2 bracelet nWdzD     
n.手镯,臂镯
参考例句:
  • The jeweler charges lots of money to set diamonds in a bracelet.珠宝匠要很多钱才肯把钻石镶在手镯上。
  • She left her gold bracelet as a pledge.她留下她的金手镯作抵押品。
3 jewelry 0auz1     
n.(jewllery)(总称)珠宝
参考例句:
  • The burglars walked off with all my jewelry.夜盗偷走了我的全部珠宝。
  • Jewelry and lace are mostly feminine belongings.珠宝和花边多数是女性用品。
4 envious n8SyX     
adj.嫉妒的,羡慕的
参考例句:
  • I don't think I'm envious of your success.我想我并不嫉妒你的成功。
  • She is envious of Jane's good looks and covetous of her car.她既忌妒简的美貌又垂涎她的汽车。
5 judicial c3fxD     
adj.司法的,法庭的,审判的,明断的,公正的
参考例句:
  • He is a man with a judicial mind.他是个公正的人。
  • Tom takes judicial proceedings against his father.汤姆对他的父亲正式提出诉讼。
6 judicious V3LxE     
adj.明智的,明断的,能作出明智决定的
参考例句:
  • We should listen to the judicious opinion of that old man.我们应该听取那位老人明智的意见。
  • A judicious parent encourages his children to make their own decisions.贤明的父亲鼓励儿女自作抉择。
7 minor e7fzR     
adj.较小(少)的,较次要的;n.辅修学科;vi.辅修
参考例句:
  • The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
  • I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。
8 opt a4Szv     
vi.选择,决定做某事
参考例句:
  • They opt for more holiday instead of more pay.他们选择了延长假期而不是增加工资。
  • Will individual schools be given the right to opt out of the local school authority?各个学校可能有权选择退出地方教育局吗?
9 opted 9ec34da056d6601471a0808ebc89b126     
v.选择,挑选( opt的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • She was co-opted onto the board. 她获增选为董事会成员。
  • After graduating she opted for a career in music. 毕业后她选择了从事音乐工作。
10 constrain xpCzL     
vt.限制,约束;克制,抑制
参考例句:
  • She tried to constrain herself from a cough in class.上课时她竭力忍住不咳嗽。
  • The study will examine the factors which constrain local economic growth.这项研究将考查抑制当地经济发展的因素。
11 leash M9rz1     
n.牵狗的皮带,束缚;v.用皮带系住
参考例句:
  • I reached for the leash,but the dog got in between.我伸手去拿系狗绳,但被狗挡住了路。
  • The dog strains at the leash,eager to be off.狗拼命地扯拉皮带,想挣脱开去。
12 constrains 36edfd1210ef5ca2b510e2d29fade818     
强迫( constrain的第三人称单数 ); 强使; 限制; 约束
参考例句:
  • We'll ignore the continuity constrains. 我们往往忽略连续约束条件。
  • It imposes constrains, restricting nature's freedom. 它具有限制自然界自由度的强制性。

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