(单词翻译:单击)
一、引导词的使用
1. 当宾语从句由陈述句变化而来时,用that来引导从句,that常无具体意义,一般可省略。例如:
Lin Tao thought(that)the TV play was1 very boring2.
2. 当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变化而来时,要用if或whether来引导从句。例如:
David asked his mother if/ whether3 she liked the dinner last night.
3. 当宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变化而来时,原句中的疑问词充当连接代词(如who, whose, what, which)或连接副词(如when, where, why, how),引导宾语从句。例如:
Do you know what we can do on the island?
I don’t know why Jane was late for school this morning.
二、语序的陈述化
宾语从句一般要用陈述句语序。例如:
When did4 he leave? I want to know. →I want to know when he left.
Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know? →Do you know if/ whether the shop closes at six every day?
三、时态的呼应
1. 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,宾语从句可根据情况使用各种时态。例如:
I hear she is here today(she was here yesterday/ she will be here tomorrow.)
2. 如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句应使用过去时态的某种形式。例如:
He said5 he was watching TV(he had6 swept7 the floor/ he would8 play football after school)。
3. 如宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、自然现象或科学真理等,从句不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时。例如:
Our teacher told us that light travels9 faster than sound.
四、否定转移
当主句的谓语动词为think, believe10, suppose等动词,且主语为第一人称时,从句的否定要转移到主句上。例如:
I don’t believe he is here on time, is he?
I don’t think Tom is the best student in his class, is he?
1
was
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v.(is,am的过去式)是,在 | |
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2
boring
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adj.无聊的;令人生厌的 | |
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3
whether
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conj.是否…,是不是…;是否…,是不是… | |
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4
did
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v.动词do的过去式 | |
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5
said
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v.动词say的过去式、过去分词 | |
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6
had
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vbl.have的过去式和过去分词;conj.有 | |
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7
swept
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v.扫( sweep的过去式和过去分词 );扫视;蜿蜒;步态轻盈地走 | |
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8
would
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aux.will的过去式;愿,要;常常;大概;将要,会 | |
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9
travels
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n.旅途, (非正式)旅行笔记,游记;旅行( travel的名词复数 );移动;游历;[机械工程]机械运动(尤指往复运动)v.行进( travel的第三人称单数 );步行;经过;走过… | |
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10
believe
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v.相信;认为 | |
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