2007版--翻译(强化)-2

时间:2006-11-02 08:11:49

(单词翻译:单击)

第二部分  英译汉全真模拟试题  Passages 1-10)

 

                                     Passage 1

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. (10 points)

 

    71) The main impression growing out of twelve years on the faculty2 of a medical school is that the No. 1 health problem in the U. S. today, even more than AIDS or cancer, is that Americans don't know how to think about health and illness. Our reactions are formed on the terror level. We fear the worst, expect the worst, thus invite the worst. The result is that we are becoming a nation of weaklings and hypochondriacs 自疑有病者), a self-medicating society incapable3 of distinguishing between casual, every­day symptoms and those that require professional attention.

    Somewhere in our early education we become addicted4 to the notion that pain means sickness. 72) We fail to learn that pain is the body's way of informing the mind that we are doing something wrong, not necessarily that something is wrong. We don't understand that pain may be telling us that we are eating too much or the wrong things; or that we are smoking too much or drinking too much; or that there is too much emotional congestion5 in our lives; or that we are being worn down by having to cope daily with overcrowded streets and highways, the pounding noise of garbage grinders, or the cosmic distance between the entrance to the airport and the departure gate, we get the message of pain all wrong. 73) Instead of addressing ourselves to the cause, we become pushovers for pills, driving the pain underground and inviting6 it to return with increased authority.

    74) Early in life, too, we become seized with the bizarre idea that we are constantly assaulted by invisible monsters called germs, and that we have to be on constant alert to protect ourselves against their fury. Equal emphasis, however, is not given to the presiding fact that our bodies are superbly equipped to deal with the little demons7, and that the best way of forestalling8 an attack is to maintain a sensible life-style.

    The most significant single statement about health to appear in the medical journals during the past decade is by Dr. Franz Ingelfinger, the late and former editor of the New England Journal of Medicine. Ingelfinger noted9 that almost all illnesses are self-limiting. That is, the human body is capable of handling them without outside intervention10. 75) The thrust of the article was that we need not feel we are helpless if disease tries to tear away at our bodies, and that we can have greater confidence in the reality of a healing system that is beautifully designed to meet most of its problems. And even when outside help is required, our own resources have something of value to offer in a combined strategy of treatment.

 

                                                            Passage 2

    When offices are planned the attention paid to the correct use of space, and individual and company needs, is often totally inadequate11. 71) Bad planning can frustrate12 the manager and employee and reduce their level of performance. This is why so much research has been undertaken since the war into effective office planning.

    There is a growing realisation that investment in people means that their needs should be thoroughly13 analysed and provided for. It has encouraged a number of office planning approaches. 72) The best of these approaches take into account not just the physical aspects of a building but the complex individual and group relationships which need to be understood before a plan is implemented14.

    A man's personal preference is always for his own separate office. Where this can be achieved it provides privacy and special advantages for him. However, it is quite uneconomic for most organisations to provide such facilities on anything but a limited scale. 73) Moreover the corporate15 needs for good communications, smooth exchange of ideas and paper work, and flexibility16 demand a different form of planning. Preoccu­pation with rental17 costs has led in the past to openplan offices which in the worst circumstances are laid out in such a regimented fashion that the atmosphere is totally impersonal18.

    Nevertheless, costs must be faced realistically. Perhaps the best balance between the needs of most of the employees and the needs of the company are to be found in landscaped offices.

    Developed in Germany in the late 1950s, landscaping, or Burolandschaft as it is sometimes called, seeks to achieve good communications and information flow by the correct juxtaposition19 of departments. 74) Its aim is to provide a pleasing working environment for all, coupled with economic use of space and the ability on management's part to alter office layout to cope with changes in working methods.

    Ideally a floor area of not less than 6000 sq.ft.is required, generally in the form of a square or rectangle the sides of which have a ratio of less than two to one. Employees are grouped together in clusters, in accordance with a plan that takes into account work flow and desirable relationships across traditional organisational barriers. Such groups are identified and separated by movable screens. 75) An acceptable general noise level is achieved by careful acoustic20 control to provide aural21 privacy and mask intrusive22 noise.

 

 

 

 

                                            Passage 3

    All great writers express their ideas in an individual way: it is often possible to determine the authorship of a literary passage from the style in which it is written. 71) Many authors feel that the conventions of the written language hamper23 them and they use words freely, with little observance of accepted grammar and sentence structure, in order to convey vividly24 their feelings. beliefs and fantasies. Others with a deep respect for traditional usage achieve a style of classical clearness and perfection or achieve effects of visual or musical beauty by their mastery of existing forms enriched by a sensitive and adventurous25 vocabulary, vivid imagery and a blending of evocative vowels26 and consonants27.

  Young people often feel the need to experiment and, as a result, to break away from the traditions they have been taught. In dealing28 with a foreign language, however, they have to bear in mind two conditions for experiment. 72) Any great experimental artist is fully1 familiar with the conventions from which he wishes to break free; he is capable of achievement in established forms but feels these are inadequate for the expression of his ideas. In the second place, he is indisputably an outstanding artist who has something original to express; otherwise the experiments will appear pretentious29, even childish.

    Few students can achieve so intimate an understanding of a foreign language that they can explore its resources freely and experimentally. Not all feel the need to do so. 73) And in any case examination candidates need to become thoroughly acquainted with conventional usage as it is a sure knowledge of accepted forms that examiners look for.

    The student undertaking30 a proficiency31 course should have the ability to use simple English correctly to express everyday facts and ideas. 74) This ability to express oneself in a foreign language on a basis of thinking in that language without reference to one's own is essential at all stages of learning. Students with extensive experience in translation who have had little practice in using the foreign language directly must, above all, write very simply at first, using only easy constructions which they are convinced are correct, forgetting for the time being their own language and rigorously avoiding translating from it.

    More complex forms, more varied32 vocabulary and sentence structure should evolve naturally in step with the student's increasing knowledge of the language. The student introduces a certain form or construction only when he is thoroughly familiar with it and is certain that it is normally used in this way. As he achieves additional conidence, he can begin to take an interest in the use of the language to create diverse effects. He may want to convey impressions of suspense33, calm, dignity, humour, of music or poetry. 75) He will master the art of logical explanation, of exact letter-writing, of formal speeches and natural conversation and of vivid impressionistic description. But he will still write within the limits of Ms ability and knowledge. And, as a learner, he will still be studying and observing conventional English usage in all that he writes.

                                                                                    passage 4

    We usually assume that an innate34 characteristic of human beings is the close and immediate35 attachment36 between the newborn child and its parents, especially its mother. Because abandonment or abuse of children seems to defy such beliefs, we are baffled by reports of widespread parental37 abuse of children. A look at the past may provide a different perspective on the present.

    According to some scholars, maternal38 indifference39 to infants may have been typical of the Middle Ages. Aries says there is evidence that in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries parents showed little affection for their children, and Edward Shorter argues that this indifference was probably typical among the ordinary people of Western Europe, even in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. 71) The death of young children seems to have been accepted casually40, and although overt41 infanticide was frowned upon, allowing children to die was sometimes encouraged, or at least tolerated. For example, in Western Europe it was common for mothers to leave infants at foundling hospitals or with rural wet nurses, both of which resulted in very high mortality rates. 72) Whether these practices were typically the result of economic desperation, the difficulty of raising an out-of-wedlock child, or lack of attachment to an infant is not clear, but the fact that many well-to-do married women casually chose to give their infants to wet nurses, despite the higher mortality risks, suggests that the reasons were not always economic difficulty or fear of social stigma42.

    While the practice of overt infanticide and child abandonment may have been relatively43 widespread in parts of Western Europe, it does not seem to have been prevalent in either England or America. 73) Indeed, authorities in both those countries in the sixteenth century prosecuted44 infanticide cases more vigorously than other forms of murder, and the practice of leaving infants with wet nurses went out of fashion in England by the end of the eighteenth century.

    By the eighteenth century in Western Europe, parents were expressing more interest in their children and more affection for them, and by the nineteenth century, observers were beginning to criticize parents for being too child-centered. Nevertheless parents were still not prevented from abusing their own children, as long as it did not result in death. 74) Because the parent-child relationship was regarded as sacred and beyond State intervention, it was not until the late nineteenth century that reformers in England were able to persuade law makers45 to pass legislation to protect children from abusive parents. 75) Ironically, efforts to prevent cruelty to animals preceded those to accom­plish the same ends for children by nearly a half century.

 

                                                                            Passage 5

    A scientist who does research in economic psychology46 and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behaviour. 71) He must obtain data both on the resources of consumers and on the motives47 that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.

    If an economist48 were asked which of the three groups borrow most — people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or declining incomes — he would probably answer, those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1947-1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with stable incomes were next and people with declining incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable. 72) Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone49 buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increases may not stimulate50 buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices. "In a few months," she said, "We'll have to pay more for meat and milk; We'll have less to spend on other things." Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed51 this purchase. 73) Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be resented and buyer's resistance may be evoked52. This is shown by the following typical comment: "I just don' t pay these prices; they are too high.

    Traditional assumptions should be investigated carefully, and factors of time and place should be considered. The investigations53 mentioned above were carried out in America. 74) Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conductive to spending appears to be price stability. 75) If prices have been stable and people have been accustomed to consider them "right" and expect them to remain stable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices with occasional sales or discounts is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.

                                                    Passage 6

    Aging can be defined as the progressive deterioration54, with the passage of time, of the structures and functions of a mature organism. This ultimately leads to the death of the organism. 71) Either the progressive loss of function makes the organism less able to withstand infectious disease or, often, the failure of some vital organ precipitates55 the death of all the rest.

    Many fish and reptiles56 also seem to avoid, or at least inhibit57, aging by continuing to grow throughout their lives. 72) We do not know just what brings on death, but it may simply be the same factors that cause death in younger members of the species: disease and predation. These challenges to life, acting58 in a completely random59 way, will eventually strike down all the members of a given generation. It is probably also true that fish and reptiles become less well adapted to their environment when they exceed a certain size. 73) In any case, the ability to grow steadily60, even if slowly, does seem to protect them from the harmful effects of aging. Some marine61 turtles are estimated to live more than 150 years.

    Mammals, as we have seen, grow to a certain size and then stop. Some time after the cessation of growth, aging begins. The actual time span involved varies widely from species to species. A three-year-old laboratory rat is very old. 74) In man, although the deterioration associated with aging can be detected by the age of 30 years, fatal loss of function may not occur until much later.

    What are the symptoms of aging? 75) Decreased muscular strength, decreased lung capacity, decreased pumping of blood from the heart, decreased urine formation in the kidney, and decreased metabolic62 rate are just a few of the many body changes which occur with aging.

Passage 7

    Scientists must accept facts even when they would like them to be different. 71) They must strive to distinguish between what they see and what they wish too see for humanity's capacity for self-deception is vast. People have traditionally tended to adopt general rules, beliefs, creeds63, theories, and ideas without thoroughly questioning their validity and to retain them long after they have been shown to be meaningless, false, or at least questionable64. The most widespread assumptions are the least questioned. 72) Most often, when an idea is adopted, particular attention is given to cases that assert it, while cases that seem to refute it are distorted, belittled65, or ignored. We feel deeply that it is a sign of weakness to "change our minds." 73) Competent scientists, however, must be expert at changing their minds. This is because science seeks not to defend our beliefs but to improve them. Better theories are made by those who are not hung up on prevailing66 ones.

    Away from their profession, scientists are inherently no more honest or ethical67 than other people. But in their profession they work in an arena68 that puts a high premium69 on honesty. The cardinal70 rule in science is that all claims must be testable    they must be capable, at least in principle, of being proved wrong. 74) For example, if someone claims that a certain procedure has a certain result, it must in principle be possible to perform a procedure that will either confirm or contradict the claim. If confirmed, then the claim is regarded as useful and a steppingstone to further knowledge. None of us has the time or energy or resources to test every claim, so most of the time we must take somebody's word. However, we must have some criterion for deciding whether one person's word is as good as another's and whether one claim is as good as another. The criterion, again, is that the claim must be testable. To reduce the likelihood of error, scientists accept the word only of those whose ideas, theories, and findings are testable if not in practice then at least in principle. Speculations71 that cannot be tested are regarded as "unscientific." This has the long-run effect of compelling honest findings widely publicized among fellow scientists are generally subjected to further testing. 75) Sooner or later, mistakes (and lies) are bound to be found out; wishful thinking is bound to be exposed. The honesty so important to the progress of science thus becomes a matter of self-interest to scientists.

 

Passage 8

 

    As civilization proceeds in the direction of technology, it passes the point of supplying all the basic essentials of life-food, shelter, clothes, and warmth. 71) Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfil needs which have hitherto been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of living. In other words, we either raise our standard of living above that necessary for comfort and happiness or we leave it at this level and work shorter hours. I shall take it as axiomatic72 (=assumed to be true without proof) that mankind has, by that time, chosen the latter alternative. Men will be working shorter and shorter hours in their paid employment. It follows that the housewife will also expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist. 72) Yet the great majority of the housewives will wish to be relieved completely from the routine operations of the home such as scrubbing the floors or the bath or the cooker, or washing the clothes or washing up, or dusting or sweeping73, or making beds.

    The most logical step to relieve the housewife of routine is to provide a robot slave which can be trained to the requirements of a particular home and can be programmed to carry out half a dozen or more standard operations (for example, scrubbing, sweeping and dusting, washing up, laying tables, making beds), when so switched by the housewife. 73) It will be a machine having no more emotions than a car, but having a memory for instructions and a limited degree of instructed or built-in adaptability74 according to the positions in which it finds various types of objects. It will operate other more specialized75 machines, for example, the vacuum cleaner or clothes-washing machine.

    74) There are no problems in the production of such a domestic robot to which we do not have already the glimmering76 of a solution.

    When I have discussed this kind of device with housewives, some 90 per cent of them have the immediate reaction,' How soon can I buy one?' The other 10 per cent have the reaction,' I would be terrified to have it moving about my house' but when one explains to them that it could be switched off or unplugged or stopped without the slightest difficulty, or made to go and put itself away in a cupboard at any time, they quickly realize that it is a highly desirable object. In my own home we have found that, at first, the washing-up machine was regarded as a rival to the worker at the kitchen sink, but now there is no greater pleasure than to go to bed in the evening and know that the washing up is being done downstairs after one is asleep. 75) Some families would be delighted, no doubt, to have the robot slave doing all the downstairs housework after they were in bed at night, while others would prefer to have it done in the mornings, but this would be entirely77 a matter of choice.

 Passage 9

    71)The amazing success of man as a species is the result of the evolutionary78 development of his brain which has led, among other things, to tool-using, tool-making, the ability to solve problems by logical reasoning, thoughtful cooperation, and language. One of the most striking ways in which the chimpanzee biologically resembles man lies in the structure of his brain. The chimpanzee, with his capacity for primitive79 reasoning, exhibits a type of intelligence more like that of man than does any other mammal living today.

    72)The brain of the modern chimpanzee is probably not too dissimilar to the brain that so many millions of years ago directed the behavior of the first ape man.

    For a long time, the fact that prehistoric80 man made tools was considered to be one of the major criteria81 distinguishing him from other creatures. As I pointed82 out earlier, I have watched chimpanzees modify grass stems in order to use them to probe for termites83.

    73)It is true that the chimpanzee does not fashion his tools to "a regular and set pattern''-but then, prehistoric man, before his development of stone tools, undoubtedly poked85 around with sticks and straws, at which stage it seems unlikely that he made tools to a set pattern, either.

    74) It is because of the close association in most people's minds of tools with man that special attention has always been focused upon any animal able to use an object as a tool; but it is important to realize that this ability, on its own, does not necessarily indicate any special intelligence in the creature concerned. The fact that the Galapagos woodpecker finch86 uses a cactus87 spine88 or twig89 to probe insects from crevices90 in the bark is indeed a fascinating phenomenon, but it does not make the bird more intelligent than a genuine woodpecker that uses its long beak91 and tougue for the same purpose.

    75) The point at which tool-using and tool-making, as such, acquire evolutionary significance is surely when an animal can adapt its ability to manipulate objects to a wide variety of purposes, and when it can use an object spontaneously to solve a brandnew problem that without the use of a tool would prove insoluble.

    At the Gombe Stream alone we have seen chimpanzees use objects for many different purposes. They use stems and sticks to capture and eat insects, and, if the material picked is not suitable, then it is modified. They use leaves to sop92 up water they cannot reach with their lips, and first they chew on the leaves and thus increase their absorbency. We have seen them use handfuls of leaves to wipe dirt from their bodies or to dab93 at wounds.

Passage 10

    The most important development will be the interconnection of "intelligent" items and computers. The whole network will offer far more in terms of saving labour than the mere94 elements alone. Whatever you want will be there when you want it.

    For example, if you wanted to cook a meal for friends, one of whom was a vegetarian95, you could ask your oven for ideas. 71) It might suggest several recipes using the ingredients your fridge and cupboards had told it they contained which would be acceptable to all your guests while avoiding ingredients that you, the host, did not like. It could then cook it.

    This would probably mean more time to sit motionless in front of the television. Unless people chose to lead more active lives, there would be national epidemics96 of obesity-related conditions such as diabetes97, cardio-vascular disease and hypertension.

    In the last two centuries, the average height has increased by 18in. 72) We are now in the middle of another great shift, but it's outwards98 and not upwards99, because we fill our spare time with sedentary behaviour such as watching television.

    The problem posed by labour-saving devices is how to spend the saved time. While most people would sit in their homes, some white-collar workers might fill the time by working harder.

    The result could be a divided society. By 2050 we' re going to have a small number of hard-working rich and a vast majority of idle poor.

    73)The social changes labour-saving devices will bring could also strain personal relationships, lead to unemployment and spark an anti-technology backlash.

    74)We could become an impersonal society, preoccupied100 with technology, but there are going to be lots of people with low-paid jobs who won' t be liberated101 by it at all.

    However, mankind will rise to the challenge. We should not underestimate the amazing adaptability of human beings, 75) "If you are worried about getting too little exercise, someone would be happy to build a physical exercise machine so that you could burn calories while you sat at your desk."

    For the entrepreneurial capitalist the message is clear: invest in health clubs.

 

第二部分  英译汉全真模拟试题(Passage 1­­――10)答案

 

Passage 1

71在一所医学院任教十二年来,我获得的主要印象是:当今美国头号健康问题,甚至比爱滋病或癌症更为严重的问题,就是美国人不知道如何去认识健康与疾病。

72.我们不知道,人本只是用疼痛这种方式通知大脑,是我们的行为出了差错,而并非一定是健康有问题。

73.我们不去探查其缘由,却大服其药,把疼痛压下去,从而招致它以更大的威力再次发作。

74.我们在少年时代就形成了一种奇怪的观念:一种肉眼看不见的叫做细菌的妖怪不断的向我们进攻,我们必须常备不懈地保护自己不受伤害。

75.这篇文章是主旨是:受到疾病攻击时,我们无需感到无助,而应对下述事实抱有充分的信心――人体的健康机制十分精巧,足以应付大部分疾病。

 

Passage 2

71.拙劣的设计会使经理的和雇员们感以灰心丧气,并且降低他们的工作表现水平,这就是为什么战后以来人们对有效的办分室设计作了大量研究的原因。

72.其中(这些方案中)的最佳方案不仅考虑到建筑物的自然结构,而且考虑到在实施一项设计方案之前就必需要了解的个人与整体之间复杂的关系。

73.此外,公司需要很好的交流、顺畅地交换意见和文书业务往来以及灵活的机动性,这就需要有一种不同的设计形式。

74.美化环境的目的是为全体人员提供一个惬意的工作环境,同时既能经济地使用空间,又能提高管理部门改变办分室布局以适应工作方法之改变的能力。

75.通过严格的音响控制可以使用权噪音保持在可以接受的一般水平地上,从而提供幽静的听觉环境并抵挡外来噪音的侵扰。

 

Passage 3

71.许多作者学得书面语的种种常规阻碍了他们,为了生动地表达他们的感情、思想和想象,他们几乎不注意公认的语法和句子结构而自由地使用词汇。

72.任何一位伟大的实验艺术家都有极其熟悉他意欲打破的常规:他有能力用公认的方式写作,但是感到那些方式不足以表达他的思想。

 

73.在任何情况下,应试者都必须彻底了解惯用法,因测试者认为惯用法是公认形式中应该掌握的知识。

74.这种不借助母语直接用外语思维并且用外语表达思想的能力在学习外语的各个阶段都是十分重要的。

75.他会掌握这样一门艺术:合乎逻辑地解释事物、正确无误地书写、用正式语言演讲、自然地与人交谈以及形象生动地描绘事物。

 

Passage 4

71. 人们似乎对婴儿的死亡一直并不在意,尽管公开杀死婴儿遭到反对,但人们对忽略儿童致死的行为有时是纵容至少是容忍的。

72.尽管这类做法是出于什么原因尚不清楚:是出于经济困难这一典型原因,还是由于抚养非婚子的窘迫,亦或是对婴儿缺乏感情,但许多富有的婚后女性宁愿冒婴儿死亡率高的危险而不负责任地将其婴儿交给乳母这一事实说明了以上做法并非源于经济困难或者是惧怕来自社会的羞辱。

73.的确,在十六世纪,英美两国当局对杀婴案的处理较之其它形式的谋杀案要严厉得多,到十八世纪末,将婴儿送与乳母喂养的做法在英国已不再流行。

74.由于父母与孩子之间的关系被视为是神圣的,不容政府干涉,直到十九世纪末,英国的改革者们才得以说服立法者通过立法保护儿童免受父母虐待。

75.具有讽刺意义的是,保护儿童权益的立法努力竟比保护动物的努力晚了近半个世纪。

 

Passage 5

71.他必须从消费者的财力及倾向于鼓励或阻碍人们花钱的动机这两方面获取数据。

72.另一种传统的假设是:如果有钱人估计物价会上涨,他们就赶快购买;如果他们估计物价下跌,他们就暂缓购买。

73.此外,已经上涨的物价可能会引起不满或买主的抵制。

74.然而,同时在英国进行的调查结果表明(消费行为)更加符合关于节俭和消费模式的传统假设。

75.如果物价稳定,而且人们也习惯地认为这样的价格“可以接受”并希望其保持稳定,他们就很有可能会购买。

 

Passage 6

71.这或许是由于生物体逐渐丧失功能,因而抵抗传染病的能力减退,或许往往是由于某一重要器官的衰退导致所有其他器官的死亡。

72.我们不清楚是什么原因导致死亡,但原因也许就是那些导致物种中年轻成员死亡的因素:疾病和被捕食。

73.不管怎样,它们稳定生长的能力,即使生长得很缓慢,的确像是保护着他们免受衰老的有害影响。

74.人虽然到30岁就有可能发现与衰老有关的退化现象,但功能的致命性丧失也许在很久以后才会发现。

75.肌力减退、肺活量降低、心泵血量减少、肾脏形成尿的能力下降以及代谢经率减缓,这些仅仅是伴随衰老而发生的许多身体变化中的几项。

 

Passage 7

71.他们必须竭尽全力把他们看到的同他们希望看到的区分开来——因为人类具有很大的自欺能力。

72.某种观点一旦接受,人们往往会特别注意那些似乎是证实这一观点的事例,而那些似乎与此观点相悖的事例则被歪曲、贬低或忽视。

73.然而,有能力的科学家必须善于改变看法,这是因为科学所追求的并不是捍卫我们已有的信念,而是改进它们,只有那些不迷恋于流行理论的人才能创造出更好的理论来。

74.例如,如果某人声称某一程序具有某种结果,那么通过某一程序来证实或推断这一断言的原则上是可行的。

75.错误(和谎言)迟早会被发现,痴心妄想注定要被揭穿。因此,对科学进步极为重要的诚实就成了与科学家自身利益息息相关的事情。

 

Passage 8

71.于是,我们面临着一种选择:要么运用技术提供和满足那些迄今尚被认为不必要的需求,要么运用技术缩短人们为维持一定生活水平而必须付出的工作时间。

72.可是,广大的家庭主妇却希望从日常家务中完全解放出来,例如:擦地板、澡盆、炊具、洗衣服、餐具、掸尘土、扫地和铺床。

73.它将是一部和汽车一样没有情感的机器,但它有一个指令储存器,并且有一定程度接受指令或固有的适应能力,即根据它发现各类物体所处的位置作相应的调整。

74.要生产这样的家用机器存在着各种问题,但目前我们已经有可能解决这些问题。

75.毫无疑问,有些家庭喜欢在晚上睡觉后让机器人做楼下所有的家务活儿,而另一些家庭则宁愿让这些活儿在早上做,但这完全是个选择问题。   

 

 

 

 

Passage 9

71.人类作为一个物种其惊人的成功在于人类大脑进化发展的结果,这种结果引发了许多事情,其中包括工具的使用和制造,通过逻辑推理、细心合作、运用语言解决问题的能力。

72.现代黑猩猩的大脑大概同数百万年前指挥最早猿人举止的大脑没有多大的区别。

73.黑猩猩的确不能把它的工具造成“常规或固定的形状”,但是史前人类在石器发展以前毫无疑问也是用棍子、稻草摸索着发展,在那个阶段他似乎也不可能将工具制成固定形状。

74.正是由于在大多数为头脑中工具与人类的密切联系,人类才特别关注可以把物体当工具使用的任何一种动物,但值得注意的是,这种能力就其自身而言并不表明这种动物有什么特别智慧。

75.当一种动物能够使自己操纵物体的能力适用于更广泛的范围,并且能够自发地使用物体解决只有通过工具才能解决的崭新问题,工具的使用和制造就肯定达到了具有进化意义的阶段。

 

Passage 10

71.炉灶可以根据冰箱和碗柜中现有的烹调原材料,拟好几套菜谱,既让所有的朋友满意,又能避免主人不喜欢的原料。

72.我们如今正处在另一个重要变化过程中,但这次变化是增加腰围而不是增加身高,因为我们是以看电视等久坐不动的方式打发闲暇时间。

73.节省劳动力的装置将带来的社会变化还有可能损坏人际关系,造成一部分人失业,甚至引发人们对技术的强烈抑制。

74.我们有可能成为一个没有人情味、专注于技术的社会,但是技术根本不能使许多事低收人职业的人得到解放。

75.如果你担心活动锻炼的时间太少,有人会乐于制造一种供你开展体育锻炼的机器,使你在关注于工作的同时消耗体内的热量。

 

 


分享到:


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 fully Gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
2 faculty HhkzK     
n.才能;学院,系;(学院或系的)全体教学人员
参考例句:
  • He has a great faculty for learning foreign languages.他有学习外语的天赋。
  • He has the faculty of saying the right thing at the right time.他有在恰当的时候说恰当的话的才智。
3 incapable w9ZxK     
adj.无能力的,不能做某事的
参考例句:
  • He would be incapable of committing such a cruel deed.他不会做出这么残忍的事。
  • Computers are incapable of creative thought.计算机不会创造性地思维。
4 addicted dzizmY     
adj.沉溺于....的,对...上瘾的
参考例句:
  • He was addicted to heroin at the age of 17.他17岁的时候对海洛因上了瘾。
  • She's become addicted to love stories.她迷上了爱情小说。
5 congestion pYmy3     
n.阻塞,消化不良
参考例句:
  • The congestion in the city gets even worse during the summer.夏天城市交通阻塞尤为严重。
  • Parking near the school causes severe traffic congestion.在学校附近泊车会引起严重的交通堵塞。
6 inviting CqIzNp     
adj.诱人的,引人注目的
参考例句:
  • An inviting smell of coffee wafted into the room.一股诱人的咖啡香味飘进了房间。
  • The kitchen smelled warm and inviting and blessedly familiar.这间厨房的味道温暖诱人,使人感到亲切温馨。
7 demons 8f23f80251f9c0b6518bce3312ca1a61     
n.恶人( demon的名词复数 );恶魔;精力过人的人;邪念
参考例句:
  • demons torturing the sinners in Hell 地狱里折磨罪人的魔鬼
  • He is plagued by demons which go back to his traumatic childhood. 他为心魔所困扰,那可追溯至他饱受创伤的童年。 来自《简明英汉词典》
8 forestalling d45327a760f7199d057caaf0ab24c9d3     
v.先发制人,预先阻止( forestall的现在分词 )
参考例句:
9 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的,知名的
参考例句:
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
10 intervention e5sxZ     
n.介入,干涉,干预
参考例句:
  • The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
  • Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。
11 inadequate 2kzyk     
adj.(for,to)不充足的,不适当的
参考例句:
  • The supply is inadequate to meet the demand.供不应求。
  • She was inadequate to the demands that were made on her.她还无力满足对她提出的各项要求。
12 frustrate yh9xj     
v.使失望;使沮丧;使厌烦
参考例句:
  • But this didn't frustrate Einstein.He was content to go as far as he could.但这并没有使爱因斯坦灰心,他对能够更深入地研究而感到满意。
  • They made their preparations to frustrate the conspiracy.他们作好准备挫败这个阴谋。
13 thoroughly sgmz0J     
adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地
参考例句:
  • The soil must be thoroughly turned over before planting.一定要先把土地深翻一遍再下种。
  • The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons.士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。
14 implemented a0211e5272f6fc75ac06e2d62558aff0     
v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 );执行;贯彻;使生效
参考例句:
  • This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革,经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句
15 corporate 7olzl     
adj.共同的,全体的;公司的,企业的
参考例句:
  • This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
  • His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。
16 flexibility vjPxb     
n.柔韧性,弹性,(光的)折射性,灵活性
参考例句:
  • Her great strength lies in her flexibility.她的优势在于她灵活变通。
  • The flexibility of a man's muscles will lessen as he becomes old.人老了肌肉的柔韧性将降低。
17 rental cBezh     
n.租赁,出租,出租业
参考例句:
  • The yearly rental of her house is 2400 yuan.她这房子年租金是2400元。
  • We can organise car rental from Chicago O'Hare Airport.我们可以安排提供从芝加哥奥黑尔机场出发的租车服务。
18 impersonal Ck6yp     
adj.无个人感情的,与个人无关的,非人称的
参考例句:
  • Even his children found him strangely distant and impersonal.他的孩子们也认为他跟其他人很疏远,没有人情味。
  • His manner seemed rather stiff and impersonal.他的态度似乎很生硬冷淡。
19 juxtaposition ykvy0     
n.毗邻,并置,并列
参考例句:
  • The juxtaposition of these two remarks was startling.这两句话连在一起使人听了震惊。
  • It is the result of the juxtaposition of contrasting colors.这是并列对比色的结果。
20 acoustic KJ7y8     
adj.听觉的,声音的;(乐器)原声的
参考例句:
  • The hall has a fine acoustic.这个大厅的传音效果很好。
  • Animals use a whole rang of acoustic, visual,and chemical signals in their systems of communication.动物利用各种各样的听觉、视觉和化学信号来进行交流。
21 aural xNizC     
adj.听觉的,听力的
参考例句:
  • The opera was an aural as well as a visual delight.这部歌剧对于听觉和视觉都是一种享受。
  • You can use these tapes as aural material.你可以把这些磁带当作听力材料。
22 intrusive Palzu     
adj.打搅的;侵扰的
参考例句:
  • The cameras were not an intrusive presence.那些摄像机的存在并不令人反感。
  • Staffs are courteous but never intrusive.员工谦恭有礼却从不让人感到唐突。
23 hamper oyGyk     
vt.妨碍,束缚,限制;n.(有盖的)大篮子
参考例句:
  • There are some apples in a picnic hamper.在野餐用的大篮子里有许多苹果。
  • The emergence of such problems seriously hamper the development of enterprises.这些问题的出现严重阻碍了企业的发展。
24 vividly tebzrE     
adv.清楚地,鲜明地,生动地
参考例句:
  • The speaker pictured the suffering of the poor vividly.演讲者很生动地描述了穷人的生活。
  • The characters in the book are vividly presented.这本书里的人物写得栩栩如生。
25 adventurous LKryn     
adj.爱冒险的;惊心动魄的,惊险的,刺激的 
参考例句:
  • I was filled with envy at their adventurous lifestyle.我很羨慕他们敢于冒险的生活方式。
  • He was predestined to lead an adventurous life.他注定要过冒险的生活。
26 vowels 6c36433ab3f13c49838853205179fe8b     
n.元音,元音字母( vowel的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Vowels possess greater sonority than consonants. 元音比辅音响亮。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • Note the various sounds of vowels followed by r. 注意r跟随的各种元音的发音。 来自超越目标英语 第3册
27 consonants 6d7406e22bce454935f32e3837012573     
n.辅音,子音( consonant的名词复数 );辅音字母
参考例句:
  • Consonants are frequently assimilated to neighboring consonants. 辅音往往被其邻近的辅音同化。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Vowels possess greater sonority than consonants. 元音比辅音响亮。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
28 dealing NvjzWP     
n.经商方法,待人态度
参考例句:
  • This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
  • His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。
29 pretentious lSrz3     
adj.自命不凡的,自负的,炫耀的
参考例句:
  • He is a talented but pretentious writer.他是一个有才华但自命不凡的作家。
  • Speaking well of yourself would only make you appear conceited and pretentious.自夸只会使你显得自负和虚伪。
30 undertaking Mfkz7S     
n.保证,许诺,事业
参考例句:
  • He gave her an undertaking that he would pay the money back with in a year.他向她做了一年内还钱的保证。
  • He is too timid to venture upon an undertaking.他太胆小,不敢从事任何事业。
31 proficiency m1LzU     
n.精通,熟练,精练
参考例句:
  • He plied his trade and gained proficiency in it.他勤习手艺,技术渐渐达到了十分娴熟的地步。
  • How do you think of your proficiency in written and spoken English?你认为你的书面英语和口语熟练程度如何?
32 varied giIw9     
adj.多样的,多变化的
参考例句:
  • The forms of art are many and varied.艺术的形式是多种多样的。
  • The hotel has a varied programme of nightly entertainment.宾馆有各种晚间娱乐活动。
33 suspense 9rJw3     
n.(对可能发生的事)紧张感,担心,挂虑
参考例句:
  • The suspense was unbearable.这样提心吊胆的状况实在叫人受不了。
  • The director used ingenious devices to keep the audience in suspense.导演用巧妙手法引起观众的悬念。
34 innate xbxzC     
adj.天生的,固有的,天赋的
参考例句:
  • You obviously have an innate talent for music.你显然有天生的音乐才能。
  • Correct ideas are not innate in the mind.人的正确思想不是自己头脑中固有的。
35 immediate aapxh     
adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的
参考例句:
  • His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
  • We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。
36 attachment POpy1     
n.附属物,附件;依恋;依附
参考例句:
  • She has a great attachment to her sister.她十分依恋她的姐姐。
  • She's on attachment to the Ministry of Defense.她现在隶属于国防部。
37 parental FL2xv     
adj.父母的;父的;母的
参考例句:
  • He encourages parental involvement in the running of school.他鼓励学生家长参与学校的管理。
  • Children always revolt against parental disciplines.孩子们总是反抗父母的管束。
38 maternal 57Azi     
adj.母亲的,母亲般的,母系的,母方的
参考例句:
  • He is my maternal uncle.他是我舅舅。
  • The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts.那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。
39 indifference k8DxO     
n.不感兴趣,不关心,冷淡,不在乎
参考例句:
  • I was disappointed by his indifference more than somewhat.他的漠不关心使我很失望。
  • He feigned indifference to criticism of his work.他假装毫不在意别人批评他的作品。
40 casually UwBzvw     
adv.漠不关心地,无动于衷地,不负责任地
参考例句:
  • She remarked casually that she was changing her job.她当时漫不经心地说要换工作。
  • I casually mentioned that I might be interested in working abroad.我不经意地提到我可能会对出国工作感兴趣。
41 overt iKoxp     
adj.公开的,明显的,公然的
参考例句:
  • His opponent's intention is quite overt.他的对手的意图很明显。
  • We should learn to fight with enemy in an overt and covert way.我们应学会同敌人做公开和隐蔽的斗争。
42 stigma WG2z4     
n.耻辱,污名;(花的)柱头
参考例句:
  • Being an unmarried mother used to carry a social stigma.做未婚母亲在社会上曾是不光彩的事。
  • The stigma of losing weighed heavily on the team.失败的耻辱让整个队伍压力沉重。
43 relatively bkqzS3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
44 prosecuted Wk5zqY     
a.被起诉的
参考例句:
  • The editors are being prosecuted for obscenity. 编辑因刊载污秽文字而被起诉。
  • The company was prosecuted for breaching the Health and Safety Act. 这家公司被控违反《卫生安全条例》。
45 makers 22a4efff03ac42c1785d09a48313d352     
n.制造者,制造商(maker的复数形式)
参考例句:
  • The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
  • The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》
46 psychology U0Wze     
n.心理,心理学,心理状态
参考例句:
  • She has a background in child psychology.她受过儿童心理学的教育。
  • He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。
47 motives 6c25d038886898b20441190abe240957     
n.动机,目的( motive的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • to impeach sb's motives 怀疑某人的动机
  • His motives are unclear. 他的用意不明。
48 economist AuhzVs     
n.经济学家,经济专家,节俭的人
参考例句:
  • He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
  • He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家,自以为什么都懂。
49 postpone rP0xq     
v.延期,推迟
参考例句:
  • I shall postpone making a decision till I learn full particulars.在未获悉详情之前我得从缓作出决定。
  • She decided to postpone the converastion for that evening.她决定当天晚上把谈话搁一搁。
50 stimulate wuSwL     
vt.刺激,使兴奋;激励,使…振奋
参考例句:
  • Your encouragement will stimulate me to further efforts.你的鼓励会激发我进一步努力。
  • Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts.成功能鼓舞人们去作新的努力。
51 postponed 9dc016075e0da542aaa70e9f01bf4ab1     
vt.& vi.延期,缓办,(使)延迟vt.把…放在次要地位;[语]把…放在后面(或句尾)vi.(疟疾等)延缓发作(或复发)
参考例句:
  • The trial was postponed indefinitely. 审讯无限期延迟。
  • The game has already been postponed three times. 这场比赛已经三度延期了。
52 evoked 0681b342def6d2a4206d965ff12603b2     
[医]诱发的
参考例句:
  • The music evoked memories of her youth. 这乐曲勾起了她对青年时代的回忆。
  • Her face, though sad, still evoked a feeling of serenity. 她的脸色虽然悲伤,但仍使人感觉安详。
53 investigations 02de25420938593f7db7bd4052010b32     
(正式的)调查( investigation的名词复数 ); 侦查; 科学研究; 学术研究
参考例句:
  • His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查,但没有发现什么。
  • He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。
54 deterioration yvvxj     
n.退化;恶化;变坏
参考例句:
  • Mental and physical deterioration both occur naturally with age. 随着年龄的增长,心智和体力自然衰退。
  • The car's bodywork was already showing signs of deterioration. 这辆车的车身已经显示出了劣化迹象。
55 precipitates e830548bc11fe12d5fa66bfa716886b7     
v.(突如其来地)使发生( precipitate的第三人称单数 );促成;猛然摔下;使沉淀
参考例句:
  • Water precipitates camphor from its alcoholic solution. 水能把樟脑从其酒精溶液中淀析出来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Precipitates are usually collected by centrifugation at intervals. 常常是用离心法分段收集沉淀的。 来自辞典例句
56 reptiles 45053265723f59bd84cf4af2b15def8e     
n.爬行动物,爬虫( reptile的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Snakes and crocodiles are both reptiles. 蛇和鳄鱼都是爬行动物。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Birds, reptiles and insects come from eggs. 鸟类、爬虫及昆虫是卵生的。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
57 inhibit C7jxT     
vt.阻止,妨碍,抑制
参考例句:
  • Don't let ego and greed inhibit clear thinking and hard work.不要让自我和贪婪妨碍清晰的思维和刻苦的工作。
  • They passed a law to inhibit people from parking in the street.他们通过一项法令以阻止人们在街上停车。
58 acting czRzoc     
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
参考例句:
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
59 random HT9xd     
adj.随机的;任意的;n.偶然的(或随便的)行动
参考例句:
  • The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
  • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
60 steadily Qukw6     
adv.稳定地;不变地;持续地
参考例句:
  • The scope of man's use of natural resources will steadily grow.人类利用自然资源的广度将日益扩大。
  • Our educational reform was steadily led onto the correct path.我们的教学改革慢慢上轨道了。
61 marine 77Izo     
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
参考例句:
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
62 metabolic 2R4z1     
adj.新陈代谢的
参考例句:
  • Impressive metabolic alternations have been undergone during embryogenesis.在胚胎发生期间经历了深刻的代谢变化。
  • A number of intoxicants are associated with metabolic acidosis.许多毒性物质可引起代谢性酸中毒。
63 creeds 6087713156d7fe5873785720253dc7ab     
(尤指宗教)信条,教条( creed的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • people of all races, colours and creeds 各种种族、肤色和宗教信仰的人
  • Catholics are agnostic to the Protestant creeds. 天主教徒对于新教教义来说,是不可知论者。
64 questionable oScxK     
adj.可疑的,有问题的
参考例句:
  • There are still a few questionable points in the case.这个案件还有几个疑点。
  • Your argument is based on a set of questionable assumptions.你的论证建立在一套有问题的假设上。
65 belittled 39476f0950667cb112a492d64de54dc2     
使显得微小,轻视,贬低( belittle的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • She felt her husband constantly belittled her achievements. 她觉得她的丈夫时常贬低她的成就。
  • A poor but honest man is not to be belittled. 穷而诚实的人是不该让人小看的。
66 prevailing E1ozF     
adj.盛行的;占优势的;主要的
参考例句:
  • She wears a fashionable hair style prevailing in the city.她的发型是这个城市流行的款式。
  • This reflects attitudes and values prevailing in society.这反映了社会上盛行的态度和价值观。
67 ethical diIz4     
adj.伦理的,道德的,合乎道德的
参考例句:
  • It is necessary to get the youth to have a high ethical concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。
  • It was a debate which aroused fervent ethical arguments.那是一场引发强烈的伦理道德争论的辩论。
68 arena Yv4zd     
n.竞技场,运动场所;竞争场所,舞台
参考例句:
  • She entered the political arena at the age of 25. 她25岁进入政界。
  • He had not an adequate arena for the exercise of his talents.他没有充分发挥其才能的场所。
69 premium EPSxX     
n.加付款;赠品;adj.高级的;售价高的
参考例句:
  • You have to pay a premium for express delivery.寄快递你得付额外费用。
  • Fresh water was at a premium after the reservoir was contaminated.在水库被污染之后,清水便因稀而贵了。
70 cardinal Xcgy5     
n.(天主教的)红衣主教;adj.首要的,基本的
参考例句:
  • This is a matter of cardinal significance.这是非常重要的事。
  • The Cardinal coloured with vexation. 红衣主教感到恼火,脸涨得通红。
71 speculations da17a00acfa088f5ac0adab7a30990eb     
n.投机买卖( speculation的名词复数 );思考;投机活动;推断
参考例句:
  • Your speculations were all quite close to the truth. 你的揣测都很接近于事实。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • This possibility gives rise to interesting speculations. 这种可能性引起了有趣的推测。 来自《用法词典》
72 axiomatic JuOzd     
adj.不需证明的,不言自明的
参考例句:
  • It is axiomatic that life is not always easy.生活并不总是一帆风顺,这是明摆着的事实。
  • It is axiomatic that as people grow older they generally become less agile.人年纪越大通常灵活性越差,这是不言而喻的。
73 sweeping ihCzZ4     
adj.范围广大的,一扫无遗的
参考例句:
  • The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
  • Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗?
74 adaptability 6J9yH     
n.适应性
参考例句:
  • It has a wide range of adaptability.它的应用性广。
75 specialized Chuzwe     
adj.专门的,专业化的
参考例句:
  • There are many specialized agencies in the United Nations.联合国有许多专门机构。
  • These tools are very specialized.这些是专用工具。
76 glimmering 7f887db7600ddd9ce546ca918a89536a     
n.微光,隐约的一瞥adj.薄弱地发光的v.发闪光,发微光( glimmer的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • I got some glimmering of what he was driving at. 他这么说是什么意思,我有点明白了。 来自辞典例句
  • Now that darkness was falling, only their silhouettes were outlined against the faintly glimmering sky. 这时节两山只剩余一抹深黑,赖天空微明为画出一个轮廓。 来自汉英文学 - 散文英译
77 entirely entirely     
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地
参考例句:
  • The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
  • His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。
78 evolutionary Ctqz7m     
adj.进化的;演化的,演变的;[生]进化论的
参考例句:
  • Life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
  • These are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。
79 primitive vSwz0     
adj.原始的;简单的;n.原(始)人,原始事物
参考例句:
  • It is a primitive instinct to flee a place of danger.逃离危险的地方是一种原始本能。
  • His book describes the march of the civilization of a primitive society.他的著作描述了一个原始社会的开化过程。
80 prehistoric sPVxQ     
adj.(有记载的)历史以前的,史前的,古老的
参考例句:
  • They have found prehistoric remains.他们发现了史前遗迹。
  • It was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric electronic equipment.这儿倒像是在展览古老的电子设备。
81 criteria vafyC     
n.标准
参考例句:
  • The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。
  • There are strict criteria for inclusion in the competition.参赛的标准很严格。
82 pointed Il8zB4     
adj.尖的,直截了当的
参考例句:
  • He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
  • She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。
83 termites 8ee357110f82dc8b267190e430924662     
n.白蚁( termite的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Termites are principally tropical in distribution. 白蚁主要分布在热带地区。 来自辞典例句
  • This spray will exterminate the termites. 这种喷剂能消灭白蚁。 来自辞典例句
84 undoubtedly Mfjz6l     
adv.确实地,无疑地
参考例句:
  • It is undoubtedly she who has said that.这话明明是她说的。
  • He is undoubtedly the pride of China.毫无疑问他是中国的骄傲。
85 poked 87f534f05a838d18eb50660766da4122     
v.伸出( poke的过去式和过去分词 );戳出;拨弄;与(某人)性交
参考例句:
  • She poked him in the ribs with her elbow. 她用胳膊肘顶他的肋部。
  • His elbow poked out through his torn shirt sleeve. 他的胳膊从衬衫的破袖子中露了出来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
86 finch TkRxS     
n.雀科鸣禽(如燕雀,金丝雀等)
参考例句:
  • This behaviour is commonly observed among several species of finch.这种行为常常可以在几种雀科鸣禽中看到。
  • In Australia,it is predominantly called the Gouldian Finch.在澳大利亚,它主要还是被称之为胡锦雀。
87 cactus Cs1zF     
n.仙人掌
参考例句:
  • It was the first year that the cactus had produced flowers.这是这棵仙人掌第一年开花。
  • The giant cactus is the vegetable skycraper.高大的仙人掌是植物界巨人。
88 spine lFQzT     
n.脊柱,脊椎;(动植物的)刺;书脊
参考例句:
  • He broke his spine in a fall from a horse.他从马上跌下摔断了脊梁骨。
  • His spine developed a slight curve.他的脊柱有点弯曲。
89 twig VK1zg     
n.小树枝,嫩枝;v.理解
参考例句:
  • He heard the sharp crack of a twig.他听到树枝清脆的断裂声。
  • The sharp sound of a twig snapping scared the badger away.细枝突然折断的刺耳声把獾惊跑了。
90 crevices 268603b2b5d88d8a9cc5258e16a1c2f8     
n.(尤指岩石的)裂缝,缺口( crevice的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • It has bedded into the deepest crevices of the store. 它已钻进了店里最隐避的隙缝。 来自辞典例句
  • The wind whistled through the crevices in the rock. 风呼啸着吹过岩石的缝隙。 来自辞典例句
91 beak 8y1zGA     
n.鸟嘴,茶壶嘴,钩形鼻
参考例句:
  • The bird had a worm in its beak.鸟儿嘴里叼着一条虫。
  • This bird employs its beak as a weapon.这种鸟用嘴作武器。
92 sop WFfyt     
n.湿透的东西,懦夫;v.浸,泡,浸湿
参考例句:
  • I used a mop to sop up the spilled water.我用拖把把泼出的水擦干。
  • The playground was a mere sop.操场很湿。
93 dab jvHzPy     
v.轻触,轻拍,轻涂;n.(颜料等的)轻涂
参考例句:
  • She returned wearing a dab of rouge on each cheekbone.她回来时,两边面颊上涂有一点淡淡的胭脂。
  • She gave me a dab of potatoes with my supper.她给我晚饭时,还给了一点土豆。
94 mere rC1xE     
adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过
参考例句:
  • That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
  • It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。
95 vegetarian 7KGzY     
n.素食者;adj.素食的
参考例句:
  • She got used gradually to the vegetarian diet.她逐渐习惯吃素食。
  • I didn't realize you were a vegetarian.我不知道你是个素食者。
96 epidemics 4taziV     
n.流行病
参考例句:
  • Reliance upon natural epidemics may be both time-consuming and misleading. 依靠天然的流行既浪费时间,又会引入歧途。
  • The antibiotic epidemics usually start stop when the summer rainy season begins. 传染病通常会在夏天的雨季停止传播。
97 diabetes uPnzu     
n.糖尿病
参考例句:
  • In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者,医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
  • Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
98 outwards NJuxN     
adj.外面的,公开的,向外的;adv.向外;n.外形
参考例句:
  • Does this door open inwards or outwards?这门朝里开还是朝外开?
  • In lapping up a fur,they always put the inner side outwards.卷毛皮时,他们总是让内层朝外。
99 upwards lj5wR     
adv.向上,在更高处...以上
参考例句:
  • The trend of prices is still upwards.物价的趋向是仍在上涨。
  • The smoke rose straight upwards.烟一直向上升。
100 preoccupied TPBxZ     
adj.全神贯注的,入神的;被抢先占有的;心事重重的v.占据(某人)思想,使对…全神贯注,使专心于( preoccupy的过去式)
参考例句:
  • He was too preoccupied with his own thoughts to notice anything wrong. 他只顾想着心事,没注意到有什么不对。
  • The question of going to the Mount Tai preoccupied his mind. 去游泰山的问题盘踞在他心头。 来自《简明英汉词典》
101 liberated YpRzMi     
a.无拘束的,放纵的
参考例句:
  • The city was liberated by the advancing army. 军队向前挺进,解放了那座城市。
  • The heat brings about a chemical reaction, and oxygen is liberated. 热量引起化学反应,释放出氧气。

©2005-2010英文阅读网