中国人民大学2004年英语专业考研基础英语试题

时间:2006-11-13 05:33:36

(单词翻译:单击)

I.Vocabulary and Written Expressions.(10 Points) 

Directions; Write in the blank the letter of the item which best completes each sentence.
1. Tough-talking ward1 councilor Tony Jones warned yesterday that the drive to clean up the Oxford2 Road area is being    by the criminal justice system itself.
A. hampered B. prohibited C. restricted D. reserved
2. It is a source of continuing frustration3 that sometimes, after huge amounts of resources have gone into securing successful    , career criminals often seem to be free after little more than a third or half of their sentences.
A. convictions B. decisions C. vanquisher D. agreements
3. The police and others are doing their best to clamp down on crime and disorder  the intrusion of burglary, the source of drug dealers4 ruining lives, the threat of intimidation5, violence and petty     . 
A. violation B. vandalism C. vanquisher D. variance
4. At a meeting attended by more than 600 lecturers and support staff last week, workers passed a vote of no in senior management.
A. consensus B. objection C. confidence D. continuation
5. At the height of her fame during the Second World War, she was one of the world\'s most influential6 women. But in later years, a gaunt relic7 of her former      , she was a forlorn propagandist for her husband\'s ostracized8 and diminished regime.
A. reputation B. celerity C. background D. celebrity
6. That he was able to his responsibilities with such competence9 and apparent ease was partly due to his experience in the Royal Navy.
A. discharge B. charge C. obtain D.  answer
7. The Galbraiths were a gregarious10 and family, probably descended11 from the Ancient British royal house of Strathelyde.
A. proliferate B. promotive C. prolific D. propagable
8. In 1945 he worked for Hambro\'s Bank, touring the Middle East to report on ___diamond trading.
A. elicit            B. illiberal           C. illuminant         D. illicit
9. Despite his professional  and his strength of character, he had a warm sensitivity for the feelings of others, partly stemming from his memories of hardship at Dartmouth.
A. imminence B. immanence C. emanation D. eminence
10. Opposite the Italian journalists, Vladimir Putin, ________dressed and statesmanlike, answered a question about one of the country\'s notorious billionaires.
A. immaculately B. immeasurably C. justifiably D. unkemptly
II. Error Correction (20 Points)

 


Directions: In this passage there are altogether 10 mistakes. Try to detect the mistakes and write out your corrected answers in the numbered brackets.
It used to be supposed that changes in the moral climate took decades to occur. Ideas filters down from whichever opinion makers12 were possessed13 of social influence; (  1  ) or they were imposed by those charged of social control who had the confidence or the capacity to determine public attitudes. (  2  ) The introduction of mass education initially14 made little change here, since the content of the education, and the surviving social deference15 of the recipients16, secured a continuing measure of stability.
Moral ideas and moral practice are not, anyway, in a precise correlation17: statistics of illegitimate births from preceding centuries, as moral declamation18 was universally adverse19, indicate a gap between prescribed teaching and human practice. (  3  ) But moral change was slow and ordered; it took a very long time for that was conventionally acceptable to change   witness the stigma20 attached to divorce only 50 years ago. (  4  ) 
Now that has all changed. The reason is to be sought not so little in the collapse21 of institutional religion or in the moral incoherence of the western liberal intelligentsia   whose ideals have no discernible philosophical22 basis   so much as the means now available for the dissemination23 of ideas of all sorts. (  5  ) It is due to the power of television. Ideas and moral precept24 are abstract, the nightly presentation, in dramas and "analysis" of public events by selected experts, is not.  (   6   )
Both on the screen and in the classroom a version of unstructured Humanism would seem to prevail: moral virtue25 determined26 by whatever current educated opinion deems conducive27 to modern canons of politically correct ideas. (  7  ) Soaps are extremely effective means of conveying moral propaganda, modern morality plays which link day-to-day developments in particular lives-lives which are, like in the entertainments of the past, to be followed or avoided, according the assigned roles in the tension of good and evil.  (   8   )
The great difference from the past is that there is now so much entertainment which it is immediately available,   and that it falls  upon people  with no other source of moral exhortation28.  (   9   ) The heroes are the tolerant, commonsense29 moralists who ostensibly respect all viewpoints and decry30 "old-fashioned" moralists with their outmoded restrictions31. The demons32 are those practitioners33 of whatever, for the moment, attract public obliquity-paedophiles, drug users, racists or whatever. (   10   ) 
Passage 2
English literature has extracted and emphasized one very splendid thing; you never hear of it in patriotic34 speeches or in books about race or nationality, but it is the great contribution of the English temperament35 1     the best life of the world. So far as it can be defined, it may be called the humane36 use of caricature. It consists in calling a man ugly as a compliment. If we wish to appreciate   2  we must remember the part   3   by satire37 and epigram in the largest part of human literature. Almost everywhere laughter has been used as a lash38; if we were told about a man\'s wig39 or wooden leg, it was   4  by an enemy. Men reminded a man maliciously40 of his bodily weakness, especially if it was   5   with his worldly power.
  6  , for instance, the case of two of the greatest riders and conquerors41 among the children of men. Julius Caesar was bald, and he could not   7  it all with his laurels42. It\' was always morally as well as physically43 his unprotected spot. His enemies could say: "You have   __8__Gaul, but you are bald. You have faced Pompey in arms and Cicero in argument, but   9   all that you are bald. "And he felt it himself, I think, for he was a vain man; the head of Caesar was like the   10   of Achilles.

IV. Reading Comprehension (20 Points)

 


Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the questions listed at the end of the following passage.

My own sex, I hope, will excuse me, if I treat them like rational creatures, instead of flattering their fascinating graces, and viewing them as if they were in a state of perpetual childhood, unable to stand alone. I earnestly wish to point out in what true dignity and human happiness consists —I wish to persuade women to endeavor to acquire strength, both of mind and body, and to convince them that the soft phrases, susceptibility of heart, delicacy44 of sentiment, and refinement45 of taste, are almost synonymous with epithets46 of weakness, and that those beings who are only the objects of pity and that kind of love, which has been termed its sister, will soon become objects of contempt.
Dismissing, then, those pretty feminine phrases, which the men condescendingly use to soften48 our slavish dependence49, and despising that weak elegancy of mind, exquisite50 sensibility and sweet docility51 of manners, suppose to be the sexual characteristics of the weaker vessel52, I wish to show that elegance53 is inferior to virtue, that the first object of laudable ambition is to obtain a character as a human being, regardless of the distinction of sex, and that secondary views should be brought to this simple touchstone.
This is a rough sketch54 of my plan, and should I express my conviction with the energetic emotions that I feel whenever I think of the subject, the dictates55 of experience and reflection will be felt by some of my readers. Animated56 by this important object, I shall disdain57 to cull58 my phrases or polish my style; I aim at being useful, and sincerity59 will render me unaffected; for, wishing rather to persuade by the force of my arguments than dazzle by the elegance of my language, I shall not waste my time in rounding periods, nor in fabricating the turgid bombast60 of artificial feelings, which, coming from the head, never reach the heart. I shall be employed about things, not word! And, anxious to render my sex more respectable members of society, I shall try to avoid that flowery diction which has slided from essays into novels, and from novels into familiar letters and conversation.
These pretty superlatives, dropping glibly61 from the tongue, vitiate the taste, and create a kind of sickly delicacy that turns away from simple unadorned truth; and a deluge62 of false sentiments and overstretched feelings, stifling63 the natural emotions of the heart, render the domestic pleasures insipid64, that ought to sweeten the exercise of those severe duties, which educate a rational and immortal65 being for a nobler field of action.
The education of women has, of late, been more attended to than formerly66, yet they are still reckoned a frivolous67 sex, and ridiculed68 or pitied by the writers who endeavor by satire or instruction to improve them. It is acknowledged that they spend many of the first years of their lives in acquiring a smattering of accomplishments69: meanwhile strength of body and mind are sacrificed to libertine70 notions of beauty, to the desire of establishing themselves—the only way women can rise in the world—by marriage. And this desire making mere71 animals of them, when they marry they act as such children may be expected to act—they dress, they paint, and nickname God’s creatures. Surely these weak beings are only fit for a seraglio!—Can they be expected to govern a family with judgment72, or take care of the poor babes whom they bring into the world?
If then it can be fairly deduced from the present conduct of the sex, from the prevalent fondness for pleasure which takes place of ambition and those nobler passions that open and enlarge the soul: that the instruction which women have received has only tended, with the constitution of civil society, to render them insignificant73 objects of desire—mere propagators of fools! —If it can be proved that in aiming to accomplish them, without cultivating their understandings, they are taken out of their sphere of duties, and made ridiculous and useless when their short-lived bloom of beauty is over. I presume that rational men will excuse me for endeavoring to persuade them to become more masculine and respectable.
Indeed the word masculine is only a bugbear: there is little reason to fear that women will acquire too much courage or fortitude74, for their apparent inferiority with respect to bodily strength, must render them, in some degree, dependent on men in the various relations of life; but why should it be increased by prejudices that give a sex to virtue, and confound simple truths with sensual reveries?
Women are, in fact, so much degraded by mistaken notions of female excellence75, that I do not mean to add a paradox76 when I assert, that this artificial weakness produces a propensity77 to tyrannize, and gives birth to cunning, the natural opponent of strength, which leads them to play off those contemptible78 infantile airs that undermine esteem79 ever whilst they excite desire. Let men become more chaste80 and modest, and if women do not grow wiser in the same ratio, it will be clear that they have weaker understandings. It seems scarcely necessary to say, that I now speak of the sex in general. Many individuals have more sense than their male relatives; and, as nothing preponderates81 where there is a constant struggle for an equilibrium82, without it has naturally more gravity, some women govern their husbands without degrading themselves, because intellect will always govern.

Questions:
1. Why does the author urge women to reject their conventional image of weakness?
2. How does the author relate diction and style to the cause of women\'s rights?
3. With what details does the author convey her view on marriage?
4. According to the author, how does the education on of women both reflect and foster the concept of their frivolity83 and weakness?

英文写作 Writing (20 Points)

You are required to write ,in English, an article of a minimum of 500 words with the following topic:
The Importance of Intercultural Communication in Today’s World.

英汉互译

 
1. Translate the following passage into English (30%)
愚蠢的男人和愚蠢的女人结婚是一种幸福智慧的男人和聪明的女人在一起是一种格调。当两种情形不幸交叉,生活就被贬低为日子。
音乐的本质都是忧伤而缠绵悱恻的,一如艳阳下溪水带不走逆行的云彩,而落叶却兀自随溪水而去。
佳人本是天上云,晴朗明月下,秋色正浓时,一任寥落的雁声划过而不侧目。于是,那个叫司马相如的男人尾随着卓文君,回到两千年前的那个晚上,借着巴山的那个夜月,一个吹箫,一个鼓瑟,把平常的生活过的异常精致和婉约。
而与此相隔八百年后的一个正午,在大唐的深宫中,杨玉环躺在黄帝的臂弯里倦怠地听着乐师精妙的演奏,昏昏欲睡。当马蹄声自遥远的南方飞速传来时,她打了一个哈欠,问身边的男人,这是不是送荔枝的驿卒到了。男人说是。女人心满意足的看着男人笑了笑,于是飞快地坐起鲜艳欲滴的身体,明亮的眼光越过被汗水和尘土包裹的驿卒,贪婪地吸吮充满性感的南方红果。此时,音乐是一种尴尬的背景,黄帝是一种可有可无的陪衬。
失去了灵魂的曲子,只能是一个又一个散落的音符。或许,你仍然没有找到属于自己的音乐,也没有找到聆听自己心声的佳人。

2. Translate the following passage into Chinese.(30%)
The laptop computer is a small, portable computer that\'s light and small enough to hold on your lap. It is smaller than a luggage but larger than a notebook computer. A laptop usually weighs between 8 and 14 pounds, and when folded shut is about the size of a small briefcase84. Laptops can be plugged in or run on batteries, although the batteries must be recharged every few hours. Laptop computers use a thin light weight display screen called a flat-panel display, rather than the cathode ray tube technology of larger personal computers. Laptop displays vary widely in quality. Typically, their display screens show fewer lines than displays on larger computers and can be difficult to read in bright light. Laptops are self-contained units, having their own CPUs, memory, and disk drives. While more expensive than a desktop85 computer with equivalent computing86 power, a laptop can be ideal for the on-the-go user who needs a second, portable computer. Laptops aren\'t always a suitable replacement87 for desktop computer, since they can\'t be expanded or modified easily should your computing needs change. Also, the display is inferior to standard video graphics88 array (VGA) displays, although active matrix displays compete well except for size.

I. 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. D 9.D 10. A

 II. 1. filters 改成 filtering 2. charged of改为in charge of 3. as 改成 though 4. that 改为what 5. 去掉so much 6. precept 改成precepts 7. version 改为revision 8. according 后面加to 9. 去掉which后面的it 10. with 改成for.

  III. Passage 1

  1. tide 2. around 3. focus 4. causes 5. communicate 6. otherwise 7. from 8. led 9. throwing 10. activities

  Passage 2

  1. to 2. it 3. played 4. owned 5. incompatible/conflicting 6. Consider 7. deny 8. defeated 9. for 10. heels

  IV

  1. Because if women keep their conventional image of weakness, they can never grow up mentally as well as physically and can never become independent. In order to obtain true self-esteem and happiness and to avoid being the subject of pity and being looked down upon by men, women should reject various symptoms of weakness.

  2. Traditional feminine diction and style are symbols of men's condescending47 attitude toward women. Those womanly phrases are employed to make women's dependence on men less obvious and more acceptable. However, in the author’s opinion, a person's inner virtues90 and his/her character as a human being is much more important than the so-called elegance on the surface. Women's writing as well as their daily talks should put emphasis on the content and usefulness instead of style. Thus they can express themselves as freely and effectively as men.

  3. The author believes that due to women's traditional education, which weakens their mental as well as bodily strength and from which they gain few real accomplishments, the only way for them to rise in the world is to get married. Such a desire makes women act like animals or children but not human beings in its real sense. Thus they only pursue pleasures but are unable to shoulder the responsibilities of running a family or taking care of their own babies, and they will lose their position in a family or marriage and become completely useless as soon as they outlive their youthfulness aw beautifulness.

  4. Traditionally, women spend the first years of their lives obtaining few achievements as human beings. Instead, they are trained to behave like mere animals or children according to the so-called notions of beauty and their physical and mental abilities are underdeveloped. Therefore, they can establish themselves and pursue pleasures only through marriage. In other words, their education rendered them frivolous and weak. Their present behavior, the result of their education, demonstrates excessive fondness for pleasure and a lack of ambition and noble pursuit. Thus, their conduct and their education also reflect the concept of their frivolity and weakness.

  V.

  1. It is a blessing91 that foolish men get married with foolish women. It is exquisite that intelligent men stay with wise women. If unfortunately, they are mismatched, then life is diminished to days.

  The essence of all music is melancholy92 and sentimental93 just like the feeling when you see the stream, flowing under the bright son, cannot take any clouds going upstream away with it while the fallen leaves flow away with the stream by themselves without hesitation94.

  Beautiful women are the clouds that do not even throw a glance at the wild geese making few cries in the sky in the bright and clear moonlight of deep autumn. Then the man named Sima Xiangru followed the beautiful woman Zhuo Wenjun back to that night two thousand years ago. By the moon on the Bashan Mountain, one of them was playing the xiao, a vertical95 bamboo flute96; the other was playing the se, a stringed plucked instrument. They lived their everyday life in such a refined and graceful97 way.

  However, at the noon about eight hundred years later, in the seclusion98 of the palace of the Tang Dynasty, Yang Yuhuan was lying languidly in the emperor's arms, listening to the excellent performance of the musicians, dozing99 off. Upon hearing the rapid clatters100 of horses' hoofs101 coming from the distant south, yawning, she asked the man to tell her whether the post house runners delivering litchis were coming. The man replied yes. Looking at the men, the woman smiled contentedly102, and then lifted her delicate and charming body and sat up immediately. Her bright eyes, looking over the sweat-drenched and dust-covered post house runner, were sucking greedily at the sensuous103 red fruit from the south. At that time, music was an awkward background and the emperor also serves as a dispensable foil to her.

  Music without the soul can only be scattered104 music notes one after another. Perhaps you haven't yet found your own music or the beauty that cares to listen to you making your inner voice heard.

  2.膝上型计算机是一种小型便携式计算机,重量轻,机型小,可以放在膝上使用。其形状比行李箱小,但比笔记本电脑大,重量一般在8-14磅左右,折叠起来和小号公文包差不多大小。可以插电源也可以使用电池运行,电池每隔几小时就必须充电。这类计算机不像较大型的个人电脑那样采用阴极射线管技术,而是采用一种名叫名叫平板显示器的薄型轻质显示屏。膝上型计算机显示器质量良莠不齐。一般而言,其显示器显示的行数比较个人大型计算机少,且在强光下很难看清。膝上型电脑机型虽小然而五脏俱全,拥有自己的中央处理器,内存和光驱。尽管膝上型计算机比功能相当的台式机贵很多,然而对于经常到处奔波而另外需要一台便携式计算机的人来说这种计算机还是很理想的选择。如果用户使用计算机处理信息的需要发生变化,膝上型计算机很难相应地扩大容量或做出其他调整,因此有使用这类计算机来取代台式机也不太合适。而且,虽然膝上型计算机的活性矩阵显示器除了屏幕大小以外可以与影像列阵显示器相媲美,但是总的来说,膝上型计算机的显示器不如标准的影像列阵显示器好。


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 ward LhbwY     
n.守卫,监护,病房,行政区,由监护人或法院保护的人(尤指儿童);vt.守护,躲开
参考例句:
  • The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
  • During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时,我要点根火把,抵挡蚊虫。
2 Oxford Wmmz0a     
n.牛津(英国城市)
参考例句:
  • At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
  • This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。
3 frustration 4hTxj     
n.挫折,失败,失效,落空
参考例句:
  • He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不强忍住失意的泪水。
  • He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮丧地用手打了几下方向盘。
4 dealers 95e592fc0f5dffc9b9616efd02201373     
n.商人( dealer的名词复数 );贩毒者;毒品贩子;发牌者
参考例句:
  • There was fast bidding between private collectors and dealers. 私人收藏家和交易商急速竞相喊价。
  • The police were corrupt and were operating in collusion with the drug dealers. 警察腐败,与那伙毒品贩子内外勾结。
5 intimidation Yq2zKi     
n.恐吓,威胁
参考例句:
  • The Opposition alleged voter intimidation by the army.反对党声称投票者受到军方的恐吓。
  • The gang silenced witnesses by intimidation.恶帮用恐吓的手段使得证人不敢说话。
6 influential l7oxK     
adj.有影响的,有权势的
参考例句:
  • He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。
  • He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。
7 relic 4V2xd     
n.神圣的遗物,遗迹,纪念物
参考例句:
  • This stone axe is a relic of ancient times.这石斧是古代的遗物。
  • He found himself thinking of the man as a relic from the past.他把这个男人看成是过去时代的人物。
8 ostracized ebf8815809823320b153d461e88dad4b     
v.放逐( ostracize的过去式和过去分词 );流放;摈弃;排斥
参考例句:
  • He was ostracized by his colleagues for refusing to support the strike. 他因拒绝支持罢工而受到同事的排斥。
  • The family were ostracized by the neighborhood. 邻居们都不理睬那一家人。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
9 competence NXGzV     
n.能力,胜任,称职
参考例句:
  • This mess is a poor reflection on his competence.这种混乱情况说明他难当此任。
  • These are matters within the competence of the court.这些是法院权限以内的事。
10 gregarious DfuxO     
adj.群居的,喜好群居的
参考例句:
  • These animals are highly gregarious.这些动物非常喜欢群居。
  • They are gregarious birds and feed in flocks.它们是群居鸟类,会集群觅食。
11 descended guQzoy     
a.为...后裔的,出身于...的
参考例句:
  • A mood of melancholy descended on us. 一种悲伤的情绪袭上我们的心头。
  • The path descended the hill in a series of zigzags. 小路呈连续的之字形顺着山坡蜿蜒而下。
12 makers 22a4efff03ac42c1785d09a48313d352     
n.制造者,制造商(maker的复数形式)
参考例句:
  • The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
  • The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》
13 possessed xuyyQ     
adj.疯狂的;拥有的,占有的
参考例句:
  • He flew out of the room like a man possessed.他像着了魔似地猛然冲出房门。
  • He behaved like someone possessed.他行为举止像是魔怔了。
14 initially 273xZ     
adv.最初,开始
参考例句:
  • The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
  • Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。
15 deference mmKzz     
n.尊重,顺从;敬意
参考例句:
  • Do you treat your parents and teachers with deference?你对父母师长尊敬吗?
  • The major defect of their work was deference to authority.他们的主要缺陷是趋从权威。
16 recipients 972af69bf73f8ad23a446a346a6f0fff     
adj.接受的;受领的;容纳的;愿意接受的n.收件人;接受者;受领者;接受器
参考例句:
  • The recipients of the prizes had their names printed in the paper. 获奖者的姓名登在报上。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The recipients of prizes had their names printed in the paper. 获奖者名单登在报上。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
17 correlation Rogzg     
n.相互关系,相关,关连
参考例句:
  • The second group of measurements had a high correlation with the first.第二组测量数据与第一组高度相关。
  • A high correlation exists in America between education and economic position.教育和经济地位在美国有极密切的关系。
18 declamation xx6xk     
n. 雄辩,高调
参考例句:
  • Declamation is a traditional Chinese teaching method.诵读教学是我国传统的语文教学方法。
  • Were you present at the declamation contest of Freshmen?大一的朗诵比赛你参加了没有?
19 adverse 5xBzs     
adj.不利的;有害的;敌对的,不友好的
参考例句:
  • He is adverse to going abroad.他反对出国。
  • The improper use of medicine could lead to severe adverse reactions.用药不当会产生严重的不良反应。
20 stigma WG2z4     
n.耻辱,污名;(花的)柱头
参考例句:
  • Being an unmarried mother used to carry a social stigma.做未婚母亲在社会上曾是不光彩的事。
  • The stigma of losing weighed heavily on the team.失败的耻辱让整个队伍压力沉重。
21 collapse aWvyE     
vi.累倒;昏倒;倒塌;塌陷
参考例句:
  • The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
  • The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。
22 philosophical rN5xh     
adj.哲学家的,哲学上的,达观的
参考例句:
  • The teacher couldn't answer the philosophical problem.老师不能解答这个哲学问题。
  • She is very philosophical about her bad luck.她对自己的不幸看得很开。
23 dissemination dissemination     
传播,宣传,传染(病毒)
参考例句:
  • The dissemination of error does people great harm. 谬种流传,误人不浅。
  • He was fully bent upon the dissemination of Chinese culture all over the world. 他一心致力于向全世界传播中国文化。
24 precept VPox5     
n.戒律;格言
参考例句:
  • It occurs to me that example is always more efficacious than precept.我想到身教重于言教。
  • The son had well profited by the precept and example of the father.老太爷的言传身教早已使他儿子获益无穷。
25 virtue BpqyH     
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力
参考例句:
  • He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
  • You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。
26 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
27 conducive hppzk     
adj.有益的,有助的
参考例句:
  • This is a more conducive atmosphere for studying.这样的氛围更有利于学习。
  • Exercise is conducive to good health.体育锻炼有助于增强体质。
28 exhortation ihXzk     
n.劝告,规劝
参考例句:
  • After repeated exhortation by his comrades,he finally straightened out his thinking.经过同志们再三劝导,他终于想通了。
  • Foreign funds alone are clearly not enough,nor are exhortations to reform.光有外资显然不够,只是劝告人们进行改革也不行。
29 commonsense aXpyp     
adj.有常识的;明白事理的;注重实际的
参考例句:
  • It is commonsense to carry an umbrella in this weather.这种天气带把伞是很自然的。
  • These results are no more than a vindication of commonsense analysis.这些结果只不过是按常理分析得出的事实。
30 decry XnOzV     
v.危难,谴责
参考例句:
  • Some people will decry this,insisting that President Obama should have tried harder to gain bipartisan support.有些人会对此表示谴责,坚持说奥巴马总统原本应该更加努力获得两党的支持。
  • Now you decry him as another Hitler because he is a threat to the controlling interest of oil in the middle east.现在你却因为他对中东石油控制权益构成了威胁而谴责他为另一个希特勒。
31 restrictions 81e12dac658cfd4c590486dd6f7523cf     
约束( restriction的名词复数 ); 管制; 制约因素; 带限制性的条件(或规则)
参考例句:
  • I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
  • a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制
32 demons 8f23f80251f9c0b6518bce3312ca1a61     
n.恶人( demon的名词复数 );恶魔;精力过人的人;邪念
参考例句:
  • demons torturing the sinners in Hell 地狱里折磨罪人的魔鬼
  • He is plagued by demons which go back to his traumatic childhood. 他为心魔所困扰,那可追溯至他饱受创伤的童年。 来自《简明英汉词典》
33 practitioners 4f6cea6bb06753de69fd05e8adbf90a8     
n.习艺者,实习者( practitioner的名词复数 );从业者(尤指医师)
参考例句:
  • one of the greatest practitioners of science fiction 最了不起的科幻小说家之一
  • The technique is experimental, but the list of its practitioners is growing. 这种技术是试验性的,但是采用它的人正在增加。 来自辞典例句
34 patriotic T3Izu     
adj.爱国的,有爱国心的
参考例句:
  • His speech was full of patriotic sentiments.他的演说充满了爱国之情。
  • The old man is a patriotic overseas Chinese.这位老人是一位爱国华侨。
35 temperament 7INzf     
n.气质,性格,性情
参考例句:
  • The analysis of what kind of temperament you possess is vital.分析一下你有什么样的气质是十分重要的。
  • Success often depends on temperament.成功常常取决于一个人的性格。
36 humane Uymy0     
adj.人道的,富有同情心的
参考例句:
  • Is it humane to kill animals for food?宰杀牲畜来吃合乎人道吗?
  • Their aim is for a more just and humane society.他们的目标是建立一个更加公正、博爱的社会。
37 satire BCtzM     
n.讽刺,讽刺文学,讽刺作品
参考例句:
  • The movie is a clever satire on the advertising industry.那部影片是关于广告业的一部巧妙的讽刺作品。
  • Satire is often a form of protest against injustice.讽刺往往是一种对不公正的抗议形式。
38 lash a2oxR     
v.系牢;鞭打;猛烈抨击;n.鞭打;眼睫毛
参考例句:
  • He received a lash of her hand on his cheek.他突然被她打了一记耳光。
  • With a lash of its tail the tiger leaped at her.老虎把尾巴一甩朝她扑过来。
39 wig 1gRwR     
n.假发
参考例句:
  • The actress wore a black wig over her blond hair.那个女演员戴一顶黑色假发罩住自己的金黄色头发。
  • He disguised himself with a wig and false beard.他用假发和假胡须来乔装。
40 maliciously maliciously     
adv.有敌意地
参考例句:
  • He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm. 他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身体。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • His enemies maliciously conspired to ruin him. 他的敌人恶毒地密谋搞垮他。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
41 conquerors f5b4f288f8c1dac0231395ee7d455bd1     
征服者,占领者( conqueror的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The Danes had selfconfidence of conquerors, and their security precautions were casual. 这些丹麦人具有征服者的自信,而且他们的安全防卫也是漫不经心的。
  • The conquerors believed in crushing the defeated people into submission, knowing that they could not win their loyalty by the victory. 征服者们知道他们的胜利并不能赢得失败者的忠心,于是就认为只有通过武力才能将他们压服。
42 laurels 0pSzBr     
n.桂冠,荣誉
参考例句:
  • The path was lined with laurels.小路两旁都种有月桂树。
  • He reaped the laurels in the finals.他在决赛中荣膺冠军。
43 physically iNix5     
adj.物质上,体格上,身体上,按自然规律
参考例句:
  • He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服,心绪也很乱。
  • Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。
44 delicacy mxuxS     
n.精致,细微,微妙,精良;美味,佳肴
参考例句:
  • We admired the delicacy of the craftsmanship.我们佩服工艺师精巧的手艺。
  • He sensed the delicacy of the situation.他感觉到了形势的微妙。
45 refinement kinyX     
n.文雅;高尚;精美;精制;精炼
参考例句:
  • Sally is a woman of great refinement and beauty. 莎莉是个温文尔雅又很漂亮的女士。
  • Good manners and correct speech are marks of refinement.彬彬有礼和谈吐得体是文雅的标志。
46 epithets 3ed932ca9694f47aefeec59fbc8ef64e     
n.(表示性质、特征等的)词语( epithet的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • He insulted me, using rude epithets. 他用粗话诅咒我。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He cursed me, using a lot of rude epithets. 他用上许多粗鲁的修饰词来诅咒我。 来自辞典例句
47 condescending avxzvU     
adj.谦逊的,故意屈尊的
参考例句:
  • He has a condescending attitude towards women. 他对女性总是居高临下。
  • He tends to adopt a condescending manner when talking to young women. 和年轻女子说话时,他喜欢摆出一副高高在上的姿态。
48 soften 6w0wk     
v.(使)变柔软;(使)变柔和
参考例句:
  • Plastics will soften when exposed to heat.塑料适当加热就可以软化。
  • This special cream will help to soften up our skin.这种特殊的护肤霜有助于使皮肤变得柔软。
49 dependence 3wsx9     
n.依靠,依赖;信任,信赖;隶属
参考例句:
  • Doctors keep trying to break her dependence of the drug.医生们尽力使她戒除毒瘾。
  • He was freed from financial dependence on his parents.他在经济上摆脱了对父母的依赖。
50 exquisite zhez1     
adj.精美的;敏锐的;剧烈的,感觉强烈的
参考例句:
  • I was admiring the exquisite workmanship in the mosaic.我当时正在欣赏镶嵌画的精致做工。
  • I still remember the exquisite pleasure I experienced in Bali.我依然记得在巴厘岛所经历的那种剧烈的快感。
51 docility fa2bc100be92db9a613af5832f9b75b9     
n.容易教,易驾驶,驯服
参考例句:
  • He was trying to plant the seed of revolt, arouse that placid peasant docility. 他想撒下反叛的种子,唤醒这个安分驯良的农民的觉悟。 来自辞典例句
  • With unusual docility, Nancy stood up and followed him as he left the newsroom. 南希以难得的顺从站起身来,尾随着他离开了新闻编辑室。 来自辞典例句
52 vessel 4L1zi     
n.船舶;容器,器皿;管,导管,血管
参考例句:
  • The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
  • You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。
53 elegance QjPzj     
n.优雅;优美,雅致;精致,巧妙
参考例句:
  • The furnishings in the room imparted an air of elegance.这个房间的家具带给这房间一种优雅的气氛。
  • John has been known for his sartorial elegance.约翰因为衣着讲究而出名。
54 sketch UEyyG     
n.草图;梗概;素描;v.素描;概述
参考例句:
  • My sister often goes into the country to sketch. 我姐姐常到乡间去写生。
  • I will send you a slight sketch of the house.我将给你寄去房屋的草图。
55 dictates d2524bb575c815758f62583cd796af09     
n.命令,规定,要求( dictate的名词复数 )v.大声讲或读( dictate的第三人称单数 );口授;支配;摆布
参考例句:
  • Convention dictates that a minister should resign in such a situation. 依照常规部长在这种情况下应该辞职。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He always follows the dictates of common sense. 他总是按常识行事。 来自《简明英汉词典》
56 animated Cz7zMa     
adj.生气勃勃的,活跃的,愉快的
参考例句:
  • His observations gave rise to an animated and lively discussion.他的言论引起了一场气氛热烈而活跃的讨论。
  • We had an animated discussion over current events last evening.昨天晚上我们热烈地讨论时事。
57 disdain KltzA     
n.鄙视,轻视;v.轻视,鄙视,不屑
参考例句:
  • Some people disdain labour.有些人轻视劳动。
  • A great man should disdain flatterers.伟大的人物应鄙视献媚者。
58 cull knlzn     
v.拣选;剔除;n.拣出的东西;剔除
参考例句:
  • It is usually good practice to cull the poorest prior to field planting.通常在实践上的好方法是在出圃栽植前挑出最弱的苗木。
  • Laura was passing around photographs she'd culled from the albums at home.劳拉正在分发她从家里相册中挑选出的相片。
59 sincerity zyZwY     
n.真诚,诚意;真实
参考例句:
  • His sincerity added much more authority to the story.他的真诚更增加了故事的说服力。
  • He tried hard to satisfy me of his sincerity.他竭力让我了解他的诚意。
60 bombast OtfzK     
n.高调,夸大之辞
参考例句:
  • There was no bombast or conceit in his speech.他的演讲并没有夸大其词和自吹自擂。
  • Yasha realized that Wolsky's bombast was unnecessary.雅夏看出沃尔斯基是在无中生有地吹嘘。
61 glibly glibly     
adv.流利地,流畅地;满口
参考例句:
  • He glibly professed his ignorance of the affair. 他口口声声表白不知道这件事。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • He put ashes on his head, apologized profusely, but then went glibly about his business. 他表示忏悔,满口道歉,但接着又故态复萌了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
62 deluge a9nyg     
n./vt.洪水,暴雨,使泛滥
参考例句:
  • This little stream can become a deluge when it rains heavily.雨大的时候,这条小溪能变作洪流。
  • I got caught in the deluge on the way home.我在回家的路上遇到倾盆大雨。
63 stifling dhxz7C     
a.令人窒息的
参考例句:
  • The weather is stifling. It looks like rain. 今天太闷热,光景是要下雨。
  • We were stifling in that hot room with all the windows closed. 我们在那间关着窗户的热屋子里,简直透不过气来。
64 insipid TxZyh     
adj.无味的,枯燥乏味的,单调的
参考例句:
  • The food was rather insipid and needed gingering up.这食物缺少味道,需要加点作料。
  • She said she was a good cook,but the food she cooked is insipid.她说她是个好厨师,但她做的食物却是无味道的。
65 immortal 7kOyr     
adj.不朽的;永生的,不死的;神的
参考例句:
  • The wild cocoa tree is effectively immortal.野生可可树实际上是不会死的。
  • The heroes of the people are immortal!人民英雄永垂不朽!
66 formerly ni3x9     
adv.从前,以前
参考例句:
  • We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
  • This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。
67 frivolous YfWzi     
adj.轻薄的;轻率的
参考例句:
  • This is a frivolous way of attacking the problem.这是一种轻率敷衍的处理问题的方式。
  • He spent a lot of his money on frivolous things.他在一些无聊的事上花了好多钱。
68 ridiculed 81e89e8e17fcf40595c6663a61115a91     
v.嘲笑,嘲弄,奚落( ridicule的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Biosphere 2 was ultimately ridiculed as a research debade, as exfravagant pseudoscience. 生物圈2号最终被讥讽为科研上的大失败,代价是昂贵的伪科学。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • She ridiculed his insatiable greed. 她嘲笑他的贪得无厌。 来自《简明英汉词典》
69 accomplishments 1c15077db46e4d6425b6f78720939d54     
n.造诣;完成( accomplishment的名词复数 );技能;成绩;成就
参考例句:
  • It was one of the President's greatest accomplishments. 那是总统最伟大的成就之一。
  • Among her accomplishments were sewing,cooking,playing the piano and dancing. 她的才能包括缝纫、烹调、弹钢琴和跳舞。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
70 libertine 21hxL     
n.淫荡者;adj.放荡的,自由思想的
参考例句:
  • The transition from libertine to prig was so complete.一个酒徒色鬼竟然摇身一变就成了道学先生。
  • I believe John is not a libertine any more.我相信约翰不再是个浪子了。
71 mere rC1xE     
adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过
参考例句:
  • That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
  • It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。
72 judgment e3xxC     
n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见
参考例句:
  • The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
  • He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
73 insignificant k6Mx1     
adj.无关紧要的,可忽略的,无意义的
参考例句:
  • In winter the effect was found to be insignificant.在冬季,这种作用是不明显的。
  • This problem was insignificant compared to others she faced.这一问题与她面临的其他问题比较起来算不得什么。
74 fortitude offzz     
n.坚忍不拔;刚毅
参考例句:
  • His dauntless fortitude makes him absolutely fearless.他不屈不挠的坚韧让他绝无恐惧。
  • He bore the pain with great fortitude.他以极大的毅力忍受了痛苦。
75 excellence ZnhxM     
n.优秀,杰出,(pl.)优点,美德
参考例句:
  • His art has reached a high degree of excellence.他的艺术已达到炉火纯青的地步。
  • My performance is far below excellence.我的表演离优秀还差得远呢。
76 paradox pAxys     
n.似乎矛盾却正确的说法;自相矛盾的人(物)
参考例句:
  • The story contains many levels of paradox.这个故事存在多重悖论。
  • The paradox is that Japan does need serious education reform.矛盾的地方是日本确实需要教育改革。
77 propensity mtIyk     
n.倾向;习性
参考例句:
  • He has a propensity for drinking too much alcohol.他有酗酒的倾向。
  • She hasn't reckoned on his propensity for violence.她不曾料到他有暴力倾向。
78 contemptible DpRzO     
adj.可鄙的,可轻视的,卑劣的
参考例句:
  • His personal presence is unimpressive and his speech contemptible.他气貌不扬,言语粗俗。
  • That was a contemptible trick to play on a friend.那是对朋友玩弄的一出可鄙的把戏。
79 esteem imhyZ     
n.尊敬,尊重;vt.尊重,敬重;把…看作
参考例句:
  • I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust.我认为他不值得信赖。
  • The veteran worker ranks high in public love and esteem.那位老工人深受大伙的爱戴。
80 chaste 8b6yt     
adj.贞洁的;有道德的;善良的;简朴的
参考例句:
  • Comparatively speaking,I like chaste poetry better.相比较而言,我更喜欢朴实无华的诗。
  • Tess was a chaste young girl.苔丝是一个善良的少女。
81 preponderates 418aa339e039903b04bf1028a7b59477     
v.超过,胜过( preponderate的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • This reason preponderates over all others. 这个理由较所有其他理由重要。 来自辞典例句
82 equilibrium jiazs     
n.平衡,均衡,相称,均势,平静
参考例句:
  • Change in the world around us disturbs our inner equilibrium.我们周围世界的变化扰乱了我们内心的平静。
  • This is best expressed in the form of an equilibrium constant.这最好用平衡常数的形式来表示。
83 frivolity 7fNzi     
n.轻松的乐事,兴高采烈;轻浮的举止
参考例句:
  • It was just a piece of harmless frivolity. 这仅是无恶意的愚蠢行为。
  • Hedonism and frivolity will diffuse hell tnrough all our days. 享乐主义和轻薄浮佻会将地狱扩展到我们的整个日子之中。 来自辞典例句
84 briefcase lxdz6A     
n.手提箱,公事皮包
参考例句:
  • He packed a briefcase with what might be required.他把所有可能需要的东西都装进公文包。
  • He requested the old man to look after the briefcase.他请求那位老人照看这个公事包。
85 desktop sucznX     
n.桌面管理系统程序;台式
参考例句:
  • My computer is a desktop computer of excellent quality.我的计算机是品质卓越的台式计算机。
  • Do you know which one is better,a laptop or a desktop?你知道哪一种更好,笔记本还是台式机?
86 computing tvBzxs     
n.计算
参考例句:
  • to work in computing 从事信息处理
  • Back in the dark ages of computing, in about 1980, they started a software company. 早在计算机尚未普及的时代(约1980年),他们就创办了软件公司。
87 replacement UVxxM     
n.取代,替换,交换;替代品,代用品
参考例句:
  • We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
  • They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。
88 graphics CrxzuL     
n.制图法,制图学;图形显示
参考例句:
  • You've leveraged your graphics experience into the video area.你们把图形设计业务的经验运用到录像业务中去。
  • Improved graphics took computer games into a new era.经改进的制图技术将电脑游戏带进了一个新时代。
89 precepts 6abcb2dd9eca38cb6dd99c51d37ea461     
n.规诫,戒律,箴言( precept的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • They accept the Prophet's precepts but reject some of his strictures. 他们接受先知的教训,但拒绝他的种种约束。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • The legal philosopher's concern is to ascertain the true nature of all the precepts and norms. 法哲学家的兴趣在于探寻所有规范和准则的性质。 来自辞典例句
90 virtues cd5228c842b227ac02d36dd986c5cd53     
美德( virtue的名词复数 ); 德行; 优点; 长处
参考例句:
  • Doctors often extol the virtues of eating less fat. 医生常常宣扬少吃脂肪的好处。
  • She delivered a homily on the virtues of family life. 她进行了一场家庭生活美德方面的说教。
91 blessing UxDztJ     
n.祈神赐福;祷告;祝福,祝愿
参考例句:
  • The blessing was said in Hebrew.祷告用了希伯来语。
  • A double blessing has descended upon the house.双喜临门。
92 melancholy t7rz8     
n.忧郁,愁思;adj.令人感伤(沮丧)的,忧郁的
参考例句:
  • All at once he fell into a state of profound melancholy.他立即陷入无尽的忧思之中。
  • He felt melancholy after he failed the exam.这次考试没通过,他感到很郁闷。
93 sentimental dDuzS     
adj.多愁善感的,感伤的
参考例句:
  • She's a sentimental woman who believes marriage comes by destiny.她是多愁善感的人,她相信姻缘命中注定。
  • We were deeply touched by the sentimental movie.我们深深被那感伤的电影所感动。
94 hesitation tdsz5     
n.犹豫,踌躇
参考例句:
  • After a long hesitation, he told the truth at last.踌躇了半天,他终于直说了。
  • There was a certain hesitation in her manner.她的态度有些犹豫不决。
95 vertical ZiywU     
adj.垂直的,顶点的,纵向的;n.垂直物,垂直的位置
参考例句:
  • The northern side of the mountain is almost vertical.这座山的北坡几乎是垂直的。
  • Vertical air motions are not measured by this system.垂直气流的运动不用这种系统来测量。
96 flute hj9xH     
n.长笛;v.吹笛
参考例句:
  • He took out his flute, and blew at it.他拿出笛子吹了起来。
  • There is an extensive repertoire of music written for the flute.有很多供长笛演奏的曲目。
97 graceful deHza     
adj.优美的,优雅的;得体的
参考例句:
  • His movements on the parallel bars were very graceful.他的双杠动作可帅了!
  • The ballet dancer is so graceful.芭蕾舞演员的姿态是如此的优美。
98 seclusion 5DIzE     
n.隐遁,隔离
参考例句:
  • She liked to sunbathe in the seclusion of her own garden.她喜欢在自己僻静的花园里晒日光浴。
  • I live very much in seclusion these days.这些天我过着几乎与世隔绝的生活。
99 dozing dozing     
v.打瞌睡,假寐 n.瞌睡
参考例句:
  • The economy shows no signs of faltering. 经济没有衰退的迹象。
  • He never falters in his determination. 他的决心从不动摇。
100 clatters 8a9ca0f0598ca49fc02fdd909c27a84a     
盘碟刀叉等相撞击时的声音( clatter的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • I thought, 'Aye aye, hit it before he comes and clatters me. 我想,'埃赞成,击出他来之前和clatters我。
101 hoofs ffcc3c14b1369cfeb4617ce36882c891     
n.(兽的)蹄,马蹄( hoof的名词复数 )v.(兽的)蹄,马蹄( hoof的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • The stamp of the horse's hoofs on the wooden floor was loud. 马蹄踏在木头地板上的声音很响。 来自辞典例句
  • The noise of hoofs called him back to the other window. 马蹄声把他又唤回那扇窗子口。 来自辞典例句
102 contentedly a0af12176ca79b27d4028fdbaf1b5f64     
adv.心满意足地
参考例句:
  • My father sat puffing contentedly on his pipe.父亲坐着心满意足地抽着烟斗。
  • "This is brother John's writing,"said Sally,contentedly,as she opened the letter.
103 sensuous pzcwc     
adj.激发美感的;感官的,感觉上的
参考例句:
  • Don't get the idea that value of music is commensurate with its sensuous appeal.不要以为音乐的价值与其美的感染力相等。
  • The flowers that wreathed his parlor stifled him with their sensuous perfume.包围著客厅的花以其刺激人的香味使他窒息。
104 scattered 7jgzKF     
adj.分散的,稀疏的;散步的;疏疏落落的
参考例句:
  • Gathering up his scattered papers,he pushed them into his case.他把散乱的文件收拾起来,塞进文件夹里。

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