阅读理解模拟题(四)

时间:2007-10-31 08:18:34

(单词翻译:单击)

Passage 4

In science the meaning of the word "explain" suffers with civilization’s every step in search of reality.Science can not really explain electricity,magnetism,and gravition;their effects can be measured and predicted,but of their nature no more is known to the modern scientist than to Thales who first looked into the nature of the electrification1 of physicists2 reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces "really" are. Electricity, Bertrand Russell says,is not a thing,like St.Paul’s Cathedral;it is a way in which things behave.When we have told how things behave when thry are electrified,and under what circumstances they are electrified,we have told all there is to tell.Until recently scientists would have disapproved3 of such an idea.Aristotle,for example,whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years,believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principle.He felt,for example,that it is a self-evident principle that everything in the universe has its proper place,hence one can deduce that objects fall to the groud because that’s where they belong,and smoke goes up because that’s where it belongs.The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen.Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation4.


The aim of controlled scientific experiments is _____.[ANSWER]
A)to explain why things happen
B)to expalin how things happen
C)to describe self-evident principles
D)to support Aristelian science


What principles most influenced scientific thought for two thoudsand years?[ANSWER]
A)The speculations5 of Thales.
B)The forces of electricity,magnetism and gravity.
C)Aristotle’s natural science.
D)Galileo’s discoveries.


Bertrand Russell’s notion about electricity is _____.[ANSWER]
A)disapproved of by most modern scientists
B)in agreement with Aristotle’s theory of self-evident principle
C)in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward "how" things happen
D)in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward "why" things happen


The passage says that until recently scientific [ANSWER]
A)that there are mysterious forces in the universe
B)that man cannot discover what forces "really" are
C)that there are self-evident principle
D)that we can discover why things behave as they do


Modern science came into being _____.[ANSWER]
A)when the method of controlled experiment was first introduced
B)when Galileo succeeded in explaining how things happen
C)when Aristelian scientists tried to explain why things happen
D)when scientists were able to acquire an understanding of reality by reasoning


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1 electrification f0f379d5753986c07472e35b8394191f     
n.充电,电气化;起电;电化;带电
参考例句:
  • Electrification of the countryside--yes, that, too, is impressive. 是的。农村电气化也是了不起的事。 来自演讲部分
  • After electrification, it will readily stick to a wall or a ceiling. 起电后,它立即吸附到墙壁上或天花板上。 来自辞典例句
2 physicists 18316b43c980524885c1a898ed1528b1     
物理学家( physicist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • For many particle physicists, however, it was a year of frustration. 对于许多粒子物理学家来说,这是受挫折的一年。 来自英汉非文学 - 科技
  • Physicists seek rules or patterns to provide a framework. 物理学家寻求用法则或图式来构成一个框架。
3 disapproved 3ee9b7bf3f16130a59cb22aafdea92d0     
v.不赞成( disapprove的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • My parents disapproved of my marriage. 我父母不赞成我的婚事。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • She disapproved of her son's indiscriminate television viewing. 她不赞成儿子不加选择地收看电视。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 investigation MRKzq     
n.调查,调查研究
参考例句:
  • In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
  • He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。
5 speculations da17a00acfa088f5ac0adab7a30990eb     
n.投机买卖( speculation的名词复数 );思考;投机活动;推断
参考例句:
  • Your speculations were all quite close to the truth. 你的揣测都很接近于事实。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • This possibility gives rise to interesting speculations. 这种可能性引起了有趣的推测。 来自《用法词典》

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