GMAT考试：GMAT每日一读之词汇篇（一）2

时间：2007-11-24 01:28:33

（单词翻译:单击）

abnegate      vt. 放弃，舍弃，禁忌

SURRENDER, RELINQUISH      

abnegate <> reaffirm

abolitionism  n. 废除主义,废奴主义

principles or measures fostering abolition1 especially of slavery  

anarchist2 : government :: abolitionist : slavery

abolitionist <>persiste in slavery

arboretum     n. 树园,植物园

a place where trees, shrubs3, and herbaceous plants are cultivated for scientific and educational purposes

arboretum:wilderness::??

aboveboard    a. 光明正大的,率直的

in a straightforward4 manner    

surreptitious <> barefaced5 / aboveboard

abrasion6      n. 表面磨损(v. abrade7)  

a wearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction8

abraded9 : friction :: desiccated : dehydration   

scuff10 : abrasion :: heat : vaporization   

abrade <> augment11

abridge       vt. 删节,缩短,剥夺 

to shorten by omission12 of words without sacrifice of sense : CONDENSE

abbreviate13: sentence:: abridgment14 : essay

abrogate15      v. 废止，废除?  

to abolish by authoritative16 action : ANNUL      

abrogate <> embrace / institute / uphold

abscond17       v. 潜逃，逃亡?  

to depart secretly and hide oneself   

abscond : depart :: pilfer:take  

follow : shadow :: leave : abscond    

lurk:wait::purloin:appropriate/abscond:depart

absolve18       vt.赦免；解除(责任等)   

to set free from an obligation or the consequences of guilt19

exculpatory20 : absolve : :: motivational : stir    

hortative21 : encourage :: exculpatory : absolve  

absolve <>inculpate22

abstain       vi. 自制,戒绝,弃权,避免

to refrain deliberately23 and often with an effort of self-denial from an action or practice  

mandatory24 : comply :: forbidden : abstain    

abstemious25    adj. 有节制的，节俭的   

marked by restraint especially in the consumption of food or alcohol 

abstemious : indulge :: austere26 : decorate   { intransigence:control}  

reticent27 : talk :: abstemious : gorge28

abstract      a. 抽象的，不具体的；n. 摘要，提要

having only intrinsic form with little or no attempt at pictorial29 representation or narrative30 content   

abstract <> elaborate

abstruse31      adj.深奥的

difficult to comprehend : RECONDITE      

abstruse <> accessible / patent

abuse         n./v. 辱骂，滥用? 

to attack in words : REVILE32

diatribe33 : abuse :: burlesque34 : mockery    

polemic35 : disputatious :: invective36 : abusive   

accede        v.同意

to express approval or give consent : give in to a request or demand


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1 abolition PIpyA     
n.废除，取消
参考例句：
  • They declared for the abolition of slavery.他们声明赞成废除奴隶制度。
  • The abolition of the monarchy was part of their price.废除君主制是他们的其中一部分条件。
2 anarchist Ww4zk     
n.无政府主义者
参考例句：
  • You must be an anarchist at heart.你在心底肯定是个无政府主义者。
  • I did my best to comfort them and assure them I was not an anarchist.我尽量安抚他们并让它们明白我并不是一个无政府主义者。
3 shrubs b480276f8eea44e011d42320b17c3619     
灌木( shrub的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • The gardener spent a complete morning in trimming those two shrubs. 园丁花了整个上午的时间修剪那两处灌木林。
  • These shrubs will need more light to produce flowering shoots. 这些灌木需要更多的光照才能抽出开花的新枝。
4 straightforward fFfyA     
adj.正直的，坦率的；易懂的，简单的
参考例句：
  • A straightforward talk is better than a flowery speech.巧言不如直说。
  • I must insist on your giving me a straightforward answer.我一定要你给我一个直截了当的回答。
5 barefaced WP9yN     
adj.厚颜无耻的，公然的
参考例句：
  • It's barefaced robbery asking such a high price for that old bicycle!那辆旧自行车要价如此之高真是无耻的敲诈。
  • What barefaced cheek!真是厚颜无耻！
6 abrasion xypz3     
n.磨（擦）破，表面磨损
参考例句：
  • Diamonds have extreme resistance to abrasion.钻石极抗磨损。
  • This analysis is helpful to the research of derailment and abrasion machenism.该分析有助于脱轨和磨耗机理的探讨。
7 abrade 0ybz4     
v.擦伤，磨损
参考例句：
  • The skin after trip is met abrade one chunk.摔倒后皮肤就会擦伤一大块。
  • This standard applies to the test of colorless and optical glass relative to abrade hardness.本标准适用于无色光学玻璃相对研磨硬度的测试。
8 friction JQMzr     
n.摩擦，摩擦力
参考例句：
  • When Joan returned to work,the friction between them increased.琼回来工作后，他们之间的摩擦加剧了。
  • Friction acts on moving bodies and brings them to a stop.摩擦力作用于运动着的物体，并使其停止。
9 abraded dfa82b3edd28b530f7d28b3a78bb6140     
adj.[医]刮擦的v.刮擦( abrade的过去式和过去分词 )；（在精神方面）折磨（人）；消磨（意志、精神等）；使精疲力尽
参考例句：
  • Much of the skin on her arm was abraded. 她胳膊上的大片皮肤被擦破了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Their gossips abraded her into restlessness. 他们的流言蜚语使她心烦意乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 scuff VZQx3     
v. 拖着脚走；磨损
参考例句：
  • Polly,bewildered and embarrassed,dropped her head and scuffed her feet.波莉既困惑又尴尬，低下头拖着脚走开了。
  • Constant wheelchair use will scuff almost any floor surface.任何地板上经常有轮椅走动几乎都会有所磨损。
11 augment Uuozw     
vt.(使)增大，增加，增长，扩张
参考例句：
  • They hit upon another idea to augment their income.他们又想出一个增加收入的办法。
  • The government's first concern was to augment the army and auxiliary forces.政府首先关心的是增强军队和辅助的力量。
12 omission mjcyS     
n.省略，删节；遗漏或省略的事物，冗长
参考例句：
  • The omission of the girls was unfair.把女孩排除在外是不公平的。
  • The omission of this chapter from the third edition was a gross oversight.第三版漏印这一章是个大疏忽。
13 abbreviate nytz9     
v.缩写，使...简略，缩短
参考例句：
  • She had lost the power to abbreviate the remaining steps of the way.她丧失了缩短这最后几步路的能力。
  • It is seldom acceptable to abbreviate words in formal writing.在正式的书面语中使用缩写语通常是不能接受的。
14 abridgment RIMyH     
n.删节，节本
参考例句：
  • An abridgment of the book has been published for young readers.他们为年轻读者出版了这本书的节本。
  • This abridgment provides a concise presentation of this masterpiece of Buddhist literature.这个删节本提供了简明介绍佛教文学的杰作。
15 abrogate yytz2     
v.废止，废除
参考例句：
  • When can we abrogate the national boundaries all over the world?什么时候可以在全球取消国界？
  • A government may abrogate any unfair treaties.政府可以取消任何不公平的条约。
16 authoritative 6O3yU     
adj.有权威的，可相信的；命令式的；官方的
参考例句：
  • David speaks in an authoritative tone.大卫以命令的口吻说话。
  • Her smile was warm but authoritative.她的笑容很和蔼，同时又透着威严。
17 abscond foUyg     
v.潜逃，逃亡
参考例句：
  • Kenobi managed to kill Grievous，and abscond with his starfighter.克诺比试图击毙了格里沃斯，并拿他的战斗机逃跑了。
  • You can not abscond from your responsibilities.你不能逃避你的职责。
18 absolve LIeyN     
v.赦免，解除（责任等）
参考例句：
  • I absolve you,on the ground of invincible ignorance.鉴于你不可救药的无知，我原谅你。
  • They agree to absolve you from your obligation.他们同意免除你的责任。
19 guilt 9e6xr     
n.犯罪；内疚；过失，罪责
参考例句：
  • She tried to cover up her guilt by lying.她企图用谎言掩饰自己的罪行。
  • Don't lay a guilt trip on your child about schoolwork.别因为功课责备孩子而使他觉得很内疚。
20 exculpatory xmyxw     
adj.辩解的，辩明无罪的
参考例句：
21 hortative 1ctx1     
adj.激励的
参考例句：
  • We set the hortative methods for teachers to praise teachers' performances.以制度化奖励措施重视教师表现，激励教师。
  • Once in a while only a hortative smile can encourage youeself to carry on.偶尔，只需要一个鼓励的微笑，就可以说服自己继续坚强下去。
22 inculpate V4Ry4     
v.使负罪；控告；使连累
参考例句：
  • She refused to make a statement to the police in case she inculpated herself.她拒绝向警方作陈述以免受连累。
  • He thought of inculpating his brother to escape punishment himself.他想归罪于他的兄弟以避免自己受罚。
23 deliberately Gulzvq     
adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地
参考例句：
  • The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
  • They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。
24 mandatory BjTyz     
adj.命令的；强制的；义务的；n.受托者
参考例句：
  • It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。
  • There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。
25 abstemious 7fVyg     
adj.有节制的，节俭的
参考例句：
  • He is abstemious in eating and drinking.他在饮食方面是很有节制的。
  • Mr.Hall was naturally an abstemious man indifferent to luxury.霍尔先生天生是个饮食有度，不爱奢侈的人。
26 austere GeIyW     
adj.艰苦的；朴素的，朴实无华的；严峻的
参考例句：
  • His way of life is rather austere.他的生活方式相当简朴。
  • The room was furnished in austere style.这间屋子的陈设都很简单朴素。
27 reticent dW9xG     
adj.沉默寡言的；言不如意的
参考例句：
  • He was reticent about his opinion.他有保留意见。
  • He was extremely reticent about his personal life.他对自己的个人生活讳莫如深。
28 gorge Zf1xm     
n.咽喉，胃，暴食，山峡；v.塞饱，狼吞虎咽地吃
参考例句：
  • East of the gorge leveled out.峡谷东面地势变得平坦起来。
  • It made my gorge rise to hear the news.这消息令我作呕。
29 pictorial PuWy6     
adj.绘画的；图片的；n．画报
参考例句：
  • The had insisted on a full pictorial coverage of the event.他们坚持要对那一事件做详尽的图片报道。
  • China Pictorial usually sells out soon after it hits the stands.《人民画报》往往一到报摊就销售一空。
30 narrative CFmxS     
n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的
参考例句：
  • He was a writer of great narrative power.他是一位颇有记述能力的作家。
  • Neither author was very strong on narrative.两个作者都不是很善于讲故事。
31 abstruse SIcyT     
adj.深奥的，难解的
参考例句：
  • Einstein's theory of relativity is very abstruse.爱因斯坦的相对论非常难懂。
  • The professor's lectures were so abstruse that students tended to avoid them.该教授的课程太深奥了，学生们纷纷躲避他的课。
32 revile hB3zW     
v.辱骂，谩骂
参考例句：
  • No man should reproach,revile,or slander another man.人们不应羞辱，辱骂或诽谤他人。|||Some Muslim communities in East Africa revile dogs because they believe that canines ate the body of the Prophet Muhammad.一些东非的穆斯林团体会辱骂狗，因为他们相信是它们吃了先知穆罕默德的尸体。
33 diatribe Xlvzq     
n.抨击，抨击性演说
参考例句：
  • He launched a diatribe against the younger generation.他对年轻一代发起了长篇抨击。
  • The book is a diatribe against the academic left.这本书对学术左派进行了长时间的谩骂。
34 burlesque scEyq     
v.嘲弄，戏仿；n.嘲弄，取笑，滑稽模仿
参考例句：
  • Our comic play was a burlesque of a Shakespearean tragedy.我们的喜剧是对莎士比亚一出悲剧的讽刺性模仿。
  • He shouldn't burlesque the elder.他不应模仿那长者。
35 polemic ZBWyr     
n.争论，论战
参考例句：
  • He launched into a fierce polemic against the government's policies.他猛烈地抨击政府的政策。
  • He wrote a splendid polemic in my favour.他写了一篇出色的文章为我辩护。
36 invective y4xxa     
n.痛骂，恶意抨击
参考例句：
  • He retorted the invective on her.他用恶言讽刺还击她。
  • His command of irony and invective was said to be very classic and lethal.据说他嬉笑怒骂的本领是极其杰出的，令人无法招架的。

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