英美报刊节选翻译练习(六)

时间:2008-02-21 02:49:37

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From < The proper study of mankind> 摘自《经济学人》 Dec 20th 2005

Not all of his contemporaries agree with Dr Ambrose about Toba's effect on humanity. The eruption1 certainly happened, but there is less consensus2 about his suggestion that it helped form the basis for what are now known as humanity's racial divisions, by breaking Homo sapiens into small groups whose random3 physical quirks4 were preserved in different places. The idea is not, however, absurd.It is based on a piece of evolutionary5 theory called the founder6 effect, which shows how the isolation7 of small populations from larger ones can accelerate evolutionary change, because a small population's average characteristics are likely to differ from those of the larger group from which it is drawn8.Like much evolutionary theory, this is just applied9 common sense. But only recently has such common sense been applied systematically10 to areas of anthropology11 that have traditionally ignored it and sometimes resisted it. The result, when combined with new techniques of genetic12 analysis, has been a revolution in the understanding of humanity's past.

new words

consensus     n 一致,合意
The two parties have reached a consensus。
这两个政党达成一致意见。
Homo Sapiens    智人(现代人的学名)
quirk     n 古怪的行为

 

≡参考答案:≡

 

火山爆发确实发生了。Ambrose博士认为,爆发把“智人”分成了小群体,并把他们的随机肢体行为保存在不同地点,这是目前被称之为“人类种族区分”理论的基础。然而与Ambrose博士看法一致的很少。 这种观点的基础是一个名为“创建者效应”的进化理论,该理论表明把小群人从大群体中隔离出去如何能加速进化。小群体的一般特征很可能与大的群体不同,因而得出上述理论。

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1 eruption UomxV     
n.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发;(疾病等)发作
参考例句:
  • The temple was destroyed in the violent eruption of 1470 BC.庙宇在公元前1470年猛烈的火山爆发中摧毁了。
  • The eruption of a volcano is spontaneous.火山的爆发是自发的。
2 consensus epMzA     
n.(意见等的)一致,一致同意,共识
参考例句:
  • Can we reach a consensus on this issue?我们能在这个问题上取得一致意见吗?
  • What is the consensus of opinion at the afternoon meeting?下午会议上一致的意见是什么?
3 random HT9xd     
adj.随机的;任意的;n.偶然的(或随便的)行动
参考例句:
  • The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
  • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
4 quirks 45fdbe6cf154fe3b8bcba6cba262afa0     
n.奇事,巧合( quirk的名词复数 );怪癖
参考例句:
  • One of his quirks is that he refuses to travel by train. 他的怪癖之一是不愿乘火车旅行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • All men have their own quirks and twists. 人人都有他们自己的怪癖和奇想。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
5 evolutionary Ctqz7m     
adj.进化的;演化的,演变的;[生]进化论的
参考例句:
  • Life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
  • These are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。
6 Founder wigxF     
n.创始者,缔造者
参考例句:
  • He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
  • According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说,罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。
7 isolation 7qMzTS     
n.隔离,孤立,分解,分离
参考例句:
  • The millionaire lived in complete isolation from the outside world.这位富翁过着与世隔绝的生活。
  • He retired and lived in relative isolation.他退休后,生活比较孤寂。
8 drawn MuXzIi     
v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的
参考例句:
  • All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
  • Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。
9 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
10 systematically 7qhwn     
adv.有系统地
参考例句:
  • This government has systematically run down public services since it took office.这一屆政府自上台以来系统地削减了公共服务。
  • The rainforest is being systematically destroyed.雨林正被系统地毀灭。
11 anthropology zw2zQ     
n.人类学
参考例句:
  • I believe he has started reading up anthropology.我相信他已开始深入研究人类学。
  • Social anthropology is centrally concerned with the diversity of culture.社会人类学主要关于文化多样性。
12 genetic PgIxp     
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

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