英文法律词典 S-94

时间：2008-03-26 01:23:13

（单词翻译:单击）

SUBSTITUTION, chancery practice. This takes place in a case where a creditor1 has a lien2 on two different parcels of land, and another creditor has a subsequent lien on one only of the parcels, and the prior creditor elects to have his whole demand out of the parcel of land on which the subsequent creditor takes his lien; the latter is entitled, by way of substitution, to have the prior lien assigned to him for his benefit. 1 Johns. Ch. R. 409; 2 Hawk's Rep. 623; 2 Mason, R. 342. And in a case where a bond creditor exacts the whole of the debt from one of the sureties, that surety is entitled to be substituted in his place, and to a cession3 of his rights and securities, as if be were a purchaser, either against the principal or his co-sureties. Id. 413; 1 Paige's R. 185; 7 John. Ch. Rep. 211; 10 Watts4, R. 148.

2. A surety on paying the debt is entitled to stand in the place of the cre-ditor and to be subrogated to all his rights against the principal. 2 Johns. Ch. R. 454. 4 Johns. Ch. R. 123; 1 Edw. R. 164; 7 John. R. 584; 3 Paige's R. 117; 2 Call, R. 125; 2 Yerg. R. 346; 1 Gill & John. 346; 6 Rand. R. 98,; 8 Watts, R. 384. In Pennsylvania it is provided by act of assembly, that in all cases where a constable5 shall be entrusted6 with the execution of any process for the collection of money, and by neglect of duty shall fail to collect the same, by means whereof the bail7 or security of such constable shall be compelled to pay the amount of any judgment8 shall vest in the person paying, as aforesaid, the equitable9 interest in such judgment, and the amount due upon any such judgment may be collected in the name of the plaintiff for the use of such person. Pamphlet Laws, 1828-29, p. 370. Vide 2 Binn. R. 382, and Subrogation.

SUBSTRACTION, French law. The act of taking something fraudulently; it is generally applied10 to the taking of the goods of the estate of a deceased person fraudulently. Vide Expilation.

SUB-TENANT. The same as under-tenant. See Under-leaser; Under-tenant, and 1 Bell's Com. 76.

SUBTRACTION11. The act of withhold12 ing or detaining anything unlawfully.

SUBTRACTION OP CONJUGAL14 RIGHTS. The act of a hushand or wife by living separately from the other without a lawful13 cause. 3 Bl. Com. 94.


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1 creditor tOkzI     
n.债仅人，债主，贷方
参考例句：
  • The boss assigned his car to his creditor.那工头把自己的小汽车让与了债权人。
  • I had to run away from my creditor whom I made a usurious loan.我借了高利贷不得不四处躲债。
2 lien 91lxQ     
n.扣押权，留置权
参考例句：
  • A lien is a type of security over property.留置是一种财产担保。
  • The court granted me a lien on my debtor's property.法庭授予我对我债务人财产的留置权。
3 cession QO9zo     
n.割让，转让
参考例句：
  • The cession of the territory could not be avoided because they lost the war.因为他们输了这场战争，割让领土是无法避免的。
  • In 1814,Norwegians resisted the cession of their country to Sweden and adopted a new constitution.1814年挪威人反对向瑞典割让自己的国土，并且制定了新的宪法。
4 watts c70bc928c4d08ffb18fc491f215d238a     
（电力计量单位）瓦，瓦特( watt的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • My lamp uses 60 watts; my toaster uses 600 watts. 我的灯用60瓦，我的烤面包器用600瓦。
  • My lamp uses 40 watts. 我的灯40瓦。
5 constable wppzG     
n.(英国)警察，警官
参考例句：
  • The constable conducted the suspect to the police station.警官把嫌疑犯带到派出所。
  • The constable kept his temper,and would not be provoked.那警察压制着自己的怒气，不肯冒起火来。
6 entrusted be9f0db83b06252a0a462773113f94fa     
v.委托，托付( entrust的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
  • He entrusted the task to his nephew. 他把这任务托付给了他的侄儿。
  • She was entrusted with the direction of the project. 她受委托负责这项计划。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 bail Aupz4     
v.舀（水），保释；n.保证金，保释，保释人
参考例句：
  • One of the prisoner's friends offered to bail him out.犯人的一个朋友答应保释他出来。
  • She has been granted conditional bail.她被准予有条件保释。
8 judgment e3xxC     
n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见
参考例句：
  • The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
  • He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
9 equitable JobxJ     
adj.公平的；公正的
参考例句：
  • This is an equitable solution to the dispute. 这是对该项争议的公正解决。
  • Paying a person what he has earned is equitable. 酬其应得,乃公平之事。
10 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的；v.应用，适用
参考例句：
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
11 subtraction RsJwl     
n.减法，减去
参考例句：
  • We do addition and subtraction in arithmetic.在算术里,我们作加减运算。
  • They made a subtraction of 50 dollars from my salary.他们从我的薪水里扣除了五十美元。
12 withhold KMEz1     
v.拒绝，不给；使停止，阻挡
参考例句：
  • It was unscrupulous of their lawyer to withhold evidence.他们的律师隐瞒证据是不道德的。
  • I couldn't withhold giving some loose to my indignation.我忍不住要发泄一点我的愤怒。
13 lawful ipKzCt     
adj.法律许可的，守法的，合法的
参考例句：
  • It is not lawful to park in front of a hydrant.在消火栓前停车是不合法的。
  • We don't recognised him to be the lawful heir.我们不承认他为合法继承人。
14 conjugal Ravys     
adj.婚姻的，婚姻性的
参考例句：
  • Conjugal visits are banned,so marriages break down.配偶访问是禁止的，罪犯的婚姻也因此破裂。
  • Conjugal fate is something delicate.缘分，其实是一种微妙的东西。

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