中华人民共和国对外合作开采海洋石油资源条例

（Promulgated¹ by the State Council on January 30， 1982）
时效性：失效　 颁布日期：19820130 　实施日期：19820130 　失效日期：20010923 　颁布单位：国务院

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 In the interest of developing the national economy and expanding international economic and technological² cooperation， these Regulations are formulated⁴， on the premise⁵ of maintaining national sovereignty and economic interests， to permit foreign enterprises to participate in the cooperative exploitation of offshore⁶ petroleum⁷ resources of the People's Republic of China.

　　Article 2 All petroleum resources in the internal waters， territorial⁸ sea and continental⁹ shelf of the People's Republic of China and in all sea areas within the limits of national jurisdiction¹⁰ over the maritime¹¹ resources of the People's Republic of China are owned by the People's Republic of China. In the sea areas referred to in the preceding paragraph， all buildings and structures set up and vessels¹² operating to exploit petroleum， as well as the corresponding onshore oil （gas） terminals and bases， shall be under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China.

　　Article 3 The Government of the People's Republic of China shall protect， in accordance with the law， the investments of foreign enterprises participating in the cooperative exploitation of offshore petroleum resources， the profits due to them and their other legitimate¹³ rights and interests， and shall protect， in accordance with the law， the cooperative exploitation activities of foreign enterprises.

　　All activities for the cooperative exploitation of offshore petroleum resources within the scope of these Regulations shall be subject to the laws and decrees of the People's Republic of China and relevant provisions of the State； all persons and enterprises taking part in petroleum operations shall be subject to the laws of China and shall accept inspection¹⁴ and supervision¹⁵ by the competent authorities concerned of the Chinese Government.

　　Article 4 The Ministry¹⁶ of Petroleum Industry of the People's Republic of China shall be the competent authority in charge of the exploitation of offshore petroleum resources in cooperation with foreign enterprises， and shall determine the forms of cooperation and demarcate areas of cooperation in accordance with the zones and the surface areas of cooperation designated by the State； it shall work out a plan for the exploitation of offshore petroleum resources in cooperation with the foreign enterprises in accordance with long-term state economic plans， formulate³ operation and management policies for the cooperative exploitation of offshore petroleum resources and examine and approve the overall development program for offshore oil （gas） fields.

　　Article 5 The China National Offshore Oil Corporation （CNOOC） shall have exclusive and overall responsibility for the work of exploiting offshore petroleum resources in the People's Republic of China in cooperation with foreign enterprises. CNOOC is a state corporation with the status of a legal person and has the exclusive right to prospect¹⁷ for， develop， produce and market the petroleum within the zones of cooperation with foreign enterprises.

　　CNOOC may， as the work requires， establish regional corporations， specialized¹⁸ corporations and overseas representative offices to carry out the tasks delegated by the head office.

　　Article 6 CNOOC shall， by means of calling for bids and signing petroleum contracts， cooperate with foreign enterprises to exploit petroleum resources in accordance with the zones， surface areas and areas of cooperation with foreign enterprises for the exploitation of petroleum resources.

　　The petroleum contracts referred to in the preceding paragraph shall come into force upon approval by the Foreign Investment Commission of the People's Republic of China. All the documents signed by CNOOC for other forms of cooperative exploitation of petroleum resources utilizing¹⁹ technology and funds provided by foreign enterprises shall also be subject to approval by Foreign Investment Commission of the People's Republic of China.

　　Chapter II Rights and Obligations of the Parties to Petroleum Contracts

　　Article 7 CNOOC shall cooperate with foreign enterprises to exploit offshore petroleum resources by means of entering into petroleum contracts， and， unless otherwise specified²⁰ by the Ministry of Petroleum Industry or in a petroleum contract， the foreign enterprise party to the petroleum contract （hereafter “foreign contractor²¹”） shall provide the investment to carry out prospecting²²， be responsible for prospecting operations and bear all prospecting risks； after a commercial oil （gas） field is discovered， both the foreign contractor and CNOOC shall provide the investment for its cooperative development， and the foreign contractor shall be responsible for the development operations and production operations until CNOOC takes over the production operations when conditions permit as provided in the petroleum contract. The foreign contractor， in accordance with the provisions of the petroleum contract， recovers its investment and expenses and receives remuneration out of the petroleum produced.

　　Article 8 The foreign contractor may export the petroleum due to it and the petroleum it purchases， and may also， in accordance with the law， remit²³ abroad the investment it recovers， its profits and its other legitimate income.

　　Article 9 All Chinese enterprises and foreign enterprises participating in the cooperative exploitation of offshore petroleum resources shall pay taxes in accordance with the law and shall pay mining royalties²⁴.

　　All the employees of the enterprises referred to in the preceding paragraph shall pay individual income tax in accordance with the law.

　　Article 10 The equipment and materials imported for carrying out the petroleum contract shall be subject to tax at a reduced rate， or be exempted²⁵ from tax， or be given other preferen-tax treatment in accordance with state provisions.

　　Article 11 The foreign contractor shall open a bank account in accordance with the provisions of the Interim²⁶ Regulations on Foreign Exchange Control of the People's Republic of China.

　　Article 12 In carrying out the petroleum contract， the foreign contractor shall use appropriate and advanced technology and management experience and shall be obligated to transfer the technology and pass on the experience to the personnel of the Chinese side involved in carrying out the petroleum-contract （hereafter “Chinese personnel”）； in petroleum operations， the foreign contractor must give preference in employment to Chinese personnel， progressively increase the percentage of Chinese personnel and train Chinese personnel in a planned way.

　　Article 13 In carrying out the petroleum contract， the foreign contractor must promptly²⁷ and accurately²⁸ report to CNOOC on the situation of petroleum operations； and it must acquire complete and accurate data， records， samples， vouchers²⁹ and other original data with respect to the various aspects of the petroleum operations， and regularly submit to CNOOC the required data and samples as well as various technological， economic， financial and accounting³⁰， and administrative³¹ reports.

　　Article 14 In carrying out the petroleum contract， the foreign contractor shall establish a branch or subsidiary or representative office within the territory of the People's Republic of China and fulfil registration³² formalities in accordance with the law.

　　The location of the offices referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be determined³³ through consultation³⁴ with CNOOC.

　　Article 15 The provisions of Articles 3， 8， 9， 10 and 14 of these Regulations shall， by analogy， apply to foreign subcontractors that render services in connection with the petroleum operations.

　　Chapter III Petroleum Operations

　　Article 16 In order to achieve the highest possible oil recovery factor， the operator must， in accordance with these Regulations and the relevant provisions promulgated by the Ministry of Petroleum Industry on the exploitation of petroleum resources and in the light of international practice， formulate an overall development program for the oil （gas） field and carry on production operations.

　　Article 17 In carrying out the petroleum contract， the foreign contractor shall use the existing bases within the territory of the People's Republic of China， and， if new bases are needed， they must be established within the territory of the People's Republic of China. The specific locations of the new bases referred to in the preceding paragraph， and other arrangements that may be necessary in special circumstances， must all be subject to the written approval of CNOOC.

　　Article 18 CNOOC shall have the right to send personnel to join the foreign operator in making master designs and engineering designs for carrying out the petroleum contract. Designing corporations within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall enjoy priority in entering into subcontracts for the master designs and engineering designs mentioned above， provided that their terms are competitive.

　　Article 19 With respect to all facilities required to be built in carrying out he petroleum contract， including artificial islands， platforms， buildings and structures， when signing subcontracts， the operator must give preference to manufacturing plants and engineering corporations within the territory of the People's Republic of China， provided that they are competitive in terms of quality， price， time of delivery and services.

　　Article 20 With respect to the equipment and materials required to carry out the petroleum contract， the operator and subcontractors must give preference to procuring³⁵ and utilizing equipment and materials manufactured and supplied by the People's Republic of China， provided that these are competitive.

　　Article 21 With respect to services that are required to carry out the petroleum contract， such as those for geophysical prospecting， well-drilling， diving， aircraft， ships and bases， the operator and subcontractors must enter into subcontracts and service contracts with relevant departments within the territory of the People's Republic of China， provided that they are competitive in terms of price， efficiency and services.

　　Article 22 The ownership of all assets purchased or built by the foreign contractor to carry out the petroleum contract in accordance with the plan and budget， excluding equipment leased from a third party， shall belong to CNOOC after the foreign contractor's investment has been compensated³⁶ as provided for， and， within the term of the contract， the foreign contractor may continue to use those assets in accordance with the provisions of the contract.

　　Article 23 CNOOC shall have the ownership of all of the data， records， samples， vouchers and other original data with respect to the petroleum operations stipulated³⁷ in Article 13 of these Regulations.

　　The utilization³⁸ and transfer， donation， exchange， sale and publication of the previously³⁹ mentioned data， records， samples， vouchers and other original data and their export and transmission from the People's Republic of China must all be conducted in accordance with the “Provisions on the Control of Data” formulated by the Ministry of Petroleum Industry.

　　Article 24 In the course of petroleum operations， the operator and subcontractors shall comply with the relevant laws and provisions on environmental protection and safety of the People's Republic of China， and shall， in the light of international practice， protect fishery resources and other natural resources and prevent the environment， including the air， seas， rivers， lakes and land， from being polluted or damaged， when conducting operations.

　　Article 25 The petroleum produced within the petroleum contract area shall be landed in the People's Republic of China or may be exported from oil （gas） metering points on offshore terminals. In case such petroleum has to be landed at point outside the People's Republic of China， the approval of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry must be obtained.

　　Article 26 In circumstances of war， the threat of war or other emergencies， the Chinese Government shall have the right to compulsory⁴⁰ purchase or requisition of a portion or all of the petroleum due to it or purchased by the foreign contractor.

　　Chapter IV Supplementary⁴¹ Provisions

　　Article 27 Any dispute arising between foreign and Chinese enterprises during the cooperative exploitation of offshore petroleum resources shall be settled through friendly consultations⁴². If it cannot be resolved through consultation， mediation⁴³ and arbitration⁴⁴ may be conducted by an arbitration body of the People's Republic of China， or the parties to the contract may agree upon arbitration by another arbitration body.

　　Article 28 In case an operator or contractor violates the provisions of here Regulations in conducting petroleum operations， the Ministry of Petroleum Industry shall have the right to issue a warning and set a deadline for correction. If no correction can be made prior to the specified deadline， the Ministry of Petroleum Industry shall have the right to adopt necessary measures， even up to the suspension of implementation⁴⁵ of petroleum operations. All economic losses arising therefrom shall be borne by the party responsible. A party responsible for serious violations⁴⁶ of these Regulations may be fined by and/or even be subject to legal action filed with the judicial⁴⁷ organs by the Ministry of Petroleum Industry.

　　Article 29 The terms used in these Regulations are defined as follows：

　　（1） “Petroleum” means crude oil or natural gas deposited underground， currently being extracted or already extracted.

　　（2） “Exploitation” means， in general， the exploration for and development， production and marketing⁴⁸ of petroleum， as well as other related activities.

　　（3） “Petroleum contract” means a contract signed， in accordance with the law， between CNOOC and foreign enterprises for the cooperative exploitation of offshore petroleum resources of the People's Republic of China， including the exploration for and development and production of petroleum.

　　（4） “Contract area” means a surface area designated within a sea area demarcated by geographical⁴⁹ coordinates⁵⁰ in the petroleum contract for the cooperative exploitation of petroleum resources.

　　（5） “Petroleum operations” means all exploration， development and production operations and other related activities conducted in carrying out the petroleum contract.

　　（6） “Exploration operations” means all work done to locate the petroleum-bearing traps by means of geological， geophysical and geochemical methods and including drilling exploratory wells， etc.， and all work done to determine the commerciality of discovered petroleum traps， including appraisal⁵¹ drilling， feasibility studies and preparation of the overall development program for an oil （gas） field.

　　（7） “Development operations” means projects， such as those for designing， construction， installation and drilling， and corresponding research work， conducted from the date of the approval of the overall development program for an oil （gas） field by the Ministry of Petroleum Industry， in order to bring about petroleum production， including production activities carried out before the commencement of commercial production.

　　（8） “Production operations” means all operations for producing petroleum conducted after the date of commencement of the commercial production of an oil （gas） field and related activities， such as extraction， injection， production stimulation⁵²， processing， storage and transportation and lifting of petroleum and other operations.

　　（9） “Foreign contractor” means a foreign enterprise that signs a petroleum contract with CNOOC. The foreign enterprises may be a corporation or a consortium of corporations.

　　（10） “Operator” means an entity⁵³ that is responsible for implementing⁵⁴ the operations pursuant to the provisions of the petroleum contract.

　　（11） “Subcontractor” means an entity that renders services to the operator.

　　Article 30 Rules for the implementation of these Regulations shall be formulated by the Ministry of Petroleum Industry.

　　Article 31 These Regulations shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation