中华人民共和国人民警察法（一）

中华人民共和国人民警察法
People's Police Law of the People's Republic of China

（Adopted at the 12th Meeting of the Standing¹ Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on February 28， 1995， promulgated² by order No. 40 of the President of the People‘s Republic of China on February 28 1995， and effective as of the date of promulgation）
颁布日期：19950228 　实施日期：19950228 　颁布单位：全国人大常委会

　　Contents

　　Chapter ⅠGeneral Provisions

　　Chapter ⅡFunctions and Powers

　　Chapter Ⅲ Obligations and Discipline

　　Chapter Ⅳ Organization and Administration

　　Chapter ⅤGuarantee for Performance of Police Duties

　　Chapter Ⅵ Supervision³ over Law Enforcement

　　Chapter Ⅶ Legal Responsibility

　　Chapter Ⅷ Supplementary⁴ Provisions

　　Chapter Ⅰ General Provisions

　　Article 1 The present Law is enacted⁵ in accordance with the Constitution for the purpose of safeguarding State security， maintaining public order， protecting the lawful⁶ rights and interests of citizens， strengthening the building of the contingent⁷ of the people's police， strictly⁸ administering the police， enhancing the quality of the people's police， ensuring the people's police's exercise of their functions and powers according to law， and ensuring the smooth progress of reform， opening up and the socialist⁹ modernization¹⁰ drive.

　　Article 2 Tasks of the people's police are to safeguard State security， maintain public order， protect citizens' personal safety and freedom and their legal property， protect public property， and prevent， stop and punish illegal and criminal activities.

　　The people's police consist of policemen working in public security organs， State security organs， prisons and organs in charge of reeducation through labor¹¹， as well as judicial¹² policemen working in the People's Courts and the People's Procuratorates.

　　Article 3 People's policemen must rely on the support of the masses， keep close ties with them， listen attentively¹³ to their comments and suggestions， accept their supervision， safeguard their interests， and serve them whole-heartedly.

　　Article 4 People's policemen must take the Constitution and laws as the guiding principles for their activities， be devoted¹⁴ to their duties， be honest and upright and highly disciplined， obey orders， and enforce laws strictly.

　　Article 5 People's policemen， when carrying out their duties according to law shall be protected by law.

　　Chapter Ⅱ Functions and Powers

　　Article 6 The people's policemen of public security organs shall， in accor-dance with the division of responsibilities， perform the following duties according to law：

　　（l） to prevent， stop and investigate illegal and criminal activities；

　　（2） to maintain public order and stop acts that endanger public order；

　　（3） to ensure traffic safety， maintain traffic order and deal with traffic accidents；

　　（4） to organize and carry out fire prevention and control and supervise routine fire protection；

　　（5） to control firearms and ammunition¹⁵， and keep under surveillance knives， inflammables， explosives， deadly poisons， radioactive materials and other dangerous articles；

　　（6） to administer special trades and professions as provided by laws and regula-tions；

　　（7） to serve as bodyguards¹⁶ for persons specially¹⁷ designated by the State and protect important places and installations；

　　（8） to keep under control assemblies， processions and demonstrations¹⁹；

　　（9） to administer affairs of household registration²⁰， citizens' nationality， and entry into and exit from the territory， and handle matters concerning aliens' residence and travel within the territory of China；

　　（l0） to maintain public order along the border （frontier） areas；

　　（11） to execute criminal punishment with respect to criminals sentenced to public surveillance， criminal detention²¹， or deprived of political rights and criminals serving sentences outside prison， and to exercise supervision over and inspection²² of criminals who are granted suspension of execution or parole；

　　（l2） to supervise and administer the work of protecting the computer information system；

　　（l3） to guide and supervise the work of security in State organs， public organizations， enterprises， institutions， and major construction projects； and guide mass organizations such as public security committees in their work of maintaining public order and preventing crime； and

　　（l4） other duties as stipulated²³ by laws and regulations.

　　Article 7 The people's policemen of public security organs may， according to law， impose compulsory²⁴ administrative²⁵ measures or administrative punishments against an individual or organization that violates the laws or regulations on the maintenance of public order or on the administration of public security.

　　Article 8 If a person seriously endangers public order or constitutes a threat to public security， the people's policemen of public security organs may forcibly take him away from the scene， detain him in accordance with law， or take other measures as provided by law.

　　Article 9 In order to maintain public order， the people's policemen of public security organs may， upon producing an appropriate certificate， interrogate²⁶ and inspect the person suspected of having violated law or committed a crime. After interrogation and inspection， the person may be taken to a public security organ for further interrogation upon approval of this public security organ， if he or she is under any of the following circumstances：

　　（l） being accused of a criminal offense²⁷；

　　（2） being suspected of committing an offense on the scene；

　　（3） being suspected of committing an offense and being of unknown identity；

　　（4） carrying articles that are probably obtained illegally.

　　The period of time for holding up the interrogated²⁸ person shall be not more than 24 hours， counting from the moment he or she is take into the public security organ. In special cases， it may be extended to 48 hours upon approval by the public security organ at or above the county level， and the interrogation record shall be kept on file. If further interrogaion of the person is approved， his or her family or the organization in which he or she works shall be notified without delay. If further interrogation of the person is not approved， he or she shall be released immediately.

　　If， through further interrogation， a public security organ considers it necessary to detain the interrogated person or adopt other compulsory measures against him or her according to law， a decision shall be made within the period of time as provided in the preceding paragraph. If the decision cannot be made within the period of time as provided in the preceding paragraph， the interrogated person shall be released immediately.

　　Article l0 The people's policemen of public security organs may， in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State， use weapons in case of emergencies such as resisting arrest， rebellion， escaping from prison， grabbing firearms or other acts of violence.

　　Article 11 In order to stop serious illegal and criminal activities， the People's policemen of public security organs may use police implements²⁹ in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State.

　　Article l2 In order to investigate criminal activities， the people's policemen of public security organs may， according to law， execute detention， search， arrest or other compulsory measures.

　　Article 13 The people's policemen of public security organs may， as required by the urgent need of performing duties， have priority in taking the means of public transport upon producing an appropriate certificate， and have the right of way in case of a traffic block.

　　As necessitated³⁰ by investigation³¹ of a crime， a public security organ may， when necessary and in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State， have priority in using the means of transport or communications， places or buildings belonging to a State organ， organization， enterprise， institution， or individual， and shall return them to the owner immediately after use and pay an appropriate fee， and shall compensate³² for the loss， if there is any.

　　Article l4 The people's policemen of public security organs may take protective measures to restrain a mental patient who seriously endangers public security or other people's personal safety. If it is necessary to send the Patient to a designated institution or place for guardianship³⁴， the matter shall be reported for approval to the public security organ of a people's government at or above the county level. and his or her guardian³³ shall be notified without delay.

　　Article l5 The public security organs of the people's governments at or above the county level may， for the purpose of preventing and checking acts that seriously endanger public order， restrict the passage or parking of people or vehicles in certain areas and within certain period of time， and may even exercise traffic control when necessary.

　　The people's policemen of public security organs may， in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph， take appropriate measures for traffic control.

　　Article l6 As necessitated by investigation of a crime， public security organs may， in accordance with relevant regulations of the State， take technical reconnaissance measures after strictly following approval formalities.

　　Article l7 The public security organs of the people's governments at or above the county level may， with the approval of the public security organs at higher levels and the people's governments at the corresponding levels and in light of the specific circumstances， exercise on-the-spot control over emergent events that seriously endanger public order.

　　The people's policemen of public security organs may， in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph， take necessary measures to disperse³⁵ the crowds and forcibly take away from the scene or immediately detain the persons who refuse to obey.

　　Article l8 The people's policemen of State security organs， prisons and organs in charge of reeducation through labor and the judicial policemen of the People's Courts and the People's Procuratorates shall exercise their functions and powers respectively in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative rules and regulations.

　　Article l9 People's policemen shall， when in spare time running into emergencies that fall into the scope of their official duties， perform their duties.

　　Chapter III Obligations and Discipline

　　Article 20 People's policemen must fulfill³⁶ the following obligations：

　　（l） enforcing law and handling matters impartially³⁷；

　　（2） playing an exemplary role in observing social ethics³⁸；

　　（3） being courteous³⁹ and polite in performing duties； and

　　（4） showing respect for the customs and habits of the masses.

　　Article 2l People's policemen shall immediately come to the rescue when a citizen's safety of the person or property is encroached upon or is in other dangerous situations； they shall， upon request， help citizens in settling their disputes； they shall handle without delay cases reported by citizens.

　　People's policemen shall take an active part in rescue and relief work as well as in social welfare services.

　　Article 22 People's policemen may not commit any of the following acts：

　　（l） to spread statements that damage the prestige of the State； to join illegal organizations； to take part in such activities as assembly， procession and demonstration¹⁸； and to take part in strikes；

　　（2） to divulge⁴⁰ State secrets or secrets of police work；

　　（3） to practise fraud， conceal⁴¹ facts of a case， cover up or connive⁴² at illegal and criminal activities；

　　（4） to extort⁴³ confession⁴⁴ by torture or subject criminals to corporal punishment or maltreat them；

　　（5） to unlawfully deprive other people of ， or restrict， their freedom of the person， or illegally search a person， his or her belongings⁴⁵， residence or place.

　　（6） to extort and racketeer， or to demand or accept bribes⁴⁶；

　　（7） to beat up another or instigate⁴⁷ him to do so；

　　（8） to illegally impose punishment or collect charges；

　　（9） to attend dinners or accept presents given by the party concerned or his or her agent；

　　（l0） to engage in profit-making activities or to be employed by any individual or organization；

　　（11）to neglect his or her duty and fail to perform statutory obligations； or

　　（l2） other acts in violation⁴⁸ of law and discipline.